Angeles City
Angeles City | ||
---|---|---|
City of Angeles | ||
Nickname: City of Angels | ||
Motto: Kapampangan: "Sulagpo Ta Na!" | ||
Anthem: Himno ning Angeles (Angeles Hymn) | ||
Location within the Philippines | ||
Coordinates: 15°08′50″N 120°35′05″E / 15.147181°N 120.584733°E | ||
Country | Philippines | |
Region | Central Luzon | |
Province | Pampanga (geographically only) | |
District | 1st district | |
Settled | 1796 | |
Chartered | December 8, 1829 | |
Cityhood | January 1, 1964 | |
Highly urbanized city | October 13, 1986 | |
Barangays | 33
(see Councilors | List
|
• ZIP code | 2009, 2024 (Balibago), 2023 (portions under Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone) | |
PSGC | ||
IDD : area code | +63 (0)45 | |
Native languages | Kapampangan Tagalog | |
Website | angelescity |
Angeles (locally [ˈaŋhɛlɛs]), officially the City of Angeles (Kapampangan: Ciudad/Lakanbalen ning Angeles; Filipino: Lungsod ng Angeles), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 462,928 people.[3]
While Angeles City is politically independent from the province of Pampanga, it is usually grouped with it for statistical purposes.
Angeles City is the urban core of Metro Clark,[5] an urban area in Pampanga. This area, also known as Metro Angeles, is considered the industrial and residential heartland of Central Luzon.[6] Metro Clark Angeles is also identified as a regional center by the national government.[5]
Etymology
The name Ángeles is derived from the Spanish El Pueblo de los Ángeles ("The Town of the Angels") in honour of its patron saints, Los Santos Ángeles Custodios (Holy Guardian Angels), and the name of its founder, Don Ángel Pantaleón de Miranda.[citation needed]
History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2015) |
Spanish colonial era
In 1796, the
On May 12, 1812, the new settlers tried to make Culiat a self-governing town but the friars resisted the move, led by Fray José Pometa. Ten years later, on February 11, 1822, Don Ángel filed a petition for the township of Culiat to secede from San Fernando, but it was denied. This was followed by another petition within the same year, jointly signed by Don Ángel, his son-in-law, Mariano Henson, and the latter's father, Severino Henson. He donated 35 hectares for the construction of the first Catholic church, a convent and a primary school while Doña Agustina Henson de Nepomuceno, the niece of who would become the first gobernadorcillo of Angeles in 1830, Don Ciriaco de Miranda, gave land for the new public market. Don Ángel paid the complete amount required by law just for the secession of Culiat from San Fernando. There were only 160 taxpayers then but the law required that it should have at least 500 taxpayers.[9]
Located some 10 miles (16 km) north of Pampanga's capital, Culiat became a barrio of San Fernando for 33 years and on December 8, 1829, became a separate municipality. The newly-autonomous town was renamed "El Pueblo de los Ángeles" in honor of its patron saints, the Holy Angels, and the name of its founder, Don Ángel, coinciding with the rise of new barrios such as Santo Cristo (as the población or town proper), Cutcut, Pampang and Pulong Anunas. The progressive barrios developed some new industries like a sugar mill and a wine distillery. The transition of Angeles from a jungle clearing to a barrio, to a town and finally to a city took 168 years and in all that time, it survived locusts' infestations, wars, epidemics, volcanic eruptions and typhoons to become one of the fast rising towns in the country. When it received its first official municipal charter, the town contained some 661 people, 151 houses and an area of 38.65 km2.[10][11]
On May 7, 1899, General Emilio Aguinaldo transferred the seat of the First Philippine Republic to Angeles. It then became the site of celebrations for the first anniversary of Philippine independence, which was proclaimed a year earlier in Kawit, Cavite. Events included a parade, led by the youngest ever Filipino generals, Gregorio del Pilar and Manuel Tinio, with General Aguinaldo viewing the proceedings from the Pamintuan Residence, which was the Presidential Palace from May to July 1899 (and later was the Central Bank of the Philippines office in Central Luzon, before its ownership passed to the National Historical Commission of the Philippines). Aguinaldo's sojourn was short, however, for in July of this same year he transferred his government to the province of Tarlac following Angeles' occupation by the American forces.[12]
American invasion era
On August 10, 1899, U.S. forces began the attack on Angeles confident in capturing it in a few days. However, the Filipino Army defending the town refused to give in so easily and fiercely fought back and for three months, they battled the Americans in and around the town. It was only after the battle on November 5, 1899, that the town finally fell into American hands. The Battle of Angeles was considered to be the longest in the history of the
In 1902, the
The Americans quickly commandeered Holy Rosary Parish Church and converted it into an army hospital, with the choir loft served as a dental clinic. The
World War II
Hours after the
War historians considered the bombing of Fort Stotsenburg on December 8, 1941, at 12:30 p.m. as one of the most destructive air raids in World War II, because almost all the American war planes were wrecked on the ground. In thirty minutes, the air might of the United States in the Far East was completely destroyed.
On the early morning of New Year's Day 1942, the first Japanese troops entered Angeles; they would occupy it until January 1945. During the Japanese invasion, another type of local government was set up on January 22, 1942. During the Japanese occupation, Clark Air Base then became a major center for staging Japanese air operations. Japanese aircraft flying out of Clark participated in the Battle of Leyte Gulf, considered to be the largest naval battle of the Second World War and possibly the largest naval battle in history.[15][16]
Clark Air Base was recaptured by the Americans in January 1945, after three months of fierce fighting in the Philippines. After three years of atrocities committed by Japanese forces, the town and the rest of the Philippines were finally liberated by the combined United States and Philippine Commonwealth troops in 1945. The building of the general headquarters of the
Philippine independence
Cityhood
After World War II, the Philippines gained independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, but then would be tied to a neo-colonial relationship. The "Treaty of General Relations" signed on independence day itself signified the Americans' withdrawal and surrender of possession, control and sovereignty over the Philippines, except the use of their bases. It was followed by the Philippine-American Military Bases Agreement on March 14, 1947, allowing the U.S. to maintain territorial integrity and sovereignty over Clark Air Base and Subic Naval Base for the next 44 years. Clark occupied 63,103 hectares and served as the tactical operational U.S. air force installation in the entire Southeast Asian region that had the capacity to accommodate the U.S. military transport planes, which served the entire Western Pacific.
Through the years, although Fort Stotsenburg continued to expand to become what would eventually be known as Clark Air Base, Angeles, despite its proximity to the American camp, did not progress fast and remained fairly small until the end of World War II. It was finally inaugurated on January 1, 1964, as a chartered city under Republic Act No. 3700 and then proceeded to enter a period of tremendous growth that resulted in its present position as the "Premier City in Central Luzon." It was through Mayor Rafael del Rosario's brainchild that Angeles became a city. He gained the distinction of being the last municipal mayor of Angeles. He was assisted in the preparation of the City Chapter by Attorney Enrique Tayag, a prominent resident of the town. Congresswoman Juanita L. Nepomuceno of the first district of Pampanga sponsored the bill in Congress, which was approved by then President Diosdado Macapagal, the ninth Philippine president and a native of the province of Pampanga.[17]
Mount Pinatubo eruption and Angeles today
On June 15, 1991, Angeles was affected by the cataclysmic eruption of nearby
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo forced the leadership of the U.S. to prematurely abandon its military installation at Clark Air Base. This was in addition to a vote by the Philippine Senate in 1991 to no longer extend the Laurel–Langley Agreement, which allowed the presence of U.S. military forces on Philippine territory, thus ending the long chapter of Filipino-American relations in the history of Angeles. The U.S. military never returned to Clark, turning over the damaged base to the Philippine government on November 26, 1991[19][20][21]
In 1993, cleanup and removal of volcanic ash deposits began. The former base re-emerged as
Among the draws for tourists is the local dish sisig which according to the Center for Kapampangan Studies, originated in this Angeles and has been on the menu since the 1730s. Pampanga is well known as the culinary center of the Philippines.[24][25][26]
In 2018, Angeles applied to be a UNESCO Creative City, while it also applied sisig into the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The applications are currently being processed by UNESCO.[27]
Geography
It is bordered by
Angeles is served by
Angeles is 83 kilometres (52 mi) from Manila and 17 kilometres (11 mi) from the provincial capital, San Fernando.
Climate
Climate data for Angeles City (Clark International Airport) 1997–2020, extremes 1997–2020 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 33.5 (92.3) |
34.9 (94.8) |
36.5 (97.7) |
37.1 (98.8) |
38.3 (100.9) |
37.5 (99.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
35.4 (95.7) |
35.1 (95.2) |
34.2 (93.6) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.0 (93.2) |
38.3 (100.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) |
30.9 (87.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.3 (91.9) |
31.9 (89.4) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.3 (86.5) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.1 (88.0) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.4 (88.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.5 (77.9) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.2 (81.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.3 (79.3) |
27.2 (81.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
23.8 (74.8) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) |
16.9 (62.4) |
17.9 (64.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
20.8 (69.4) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
17.0 (62.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 13.6 (0.54) |
16.3 (0.64) |
52.5 (2.07) |
60.6 (2.39) |
196.1 (7.72) |
254.1 (10.00) |
514.6 (20.26) |
695.1 (27.37) |
305.5 (12.03) |
201.6 (7.94) |
97.0 (3.82) |
47.5 (1.87) |
2,454.5 (96.63) |
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 13 | 16 | 20 | 22 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 126 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
70 | 68 | 66 | 65 | 74 | 80 | 84 | 86 | 84 | 78 | 75 | 73 | 75 |
Source: |
Under the Köppen climate classification system, Angeles has a tropical savanna climate that borders on a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Aw/Am). Angeles experiences two distinct seasons: a dry season from November through April, with a wet season from May through October. From 1953 to 1991, the mean daily low was 22.6 °C and the mean daily high was 31.3 °C, with June being warmest and January and February being the coolest. The average annual rainfall is 2026.8 mm. Typhoons tend to approach from the east during the summer and fall. Many damaging storms struck the city, including
Barangays
Angeles is divided into 33
- Agapito del Rosario
- Amsic
- Anunas
- Balibago
- Capaya
- Claro M. Recto
- Cuayan
- Cutcut
- Cutud
- Lourdes North West
- Lourdes Sur (Talimundoc)
- Lourdes Sur East
- Malabañas
- Margot
- Mining
- Ninoy Aquino (Marisol)
- Pampang
- Pandan
- Pulung Cacutud
- Pulung Maragul
- Pulungbulu
- Salapungan
- San Jose
- San Nicolas
- Santa Teresita
- Santa Trinidad
- Santo Cristo
- Santo Domingo
- Santo Rosario (Poblacion)
- Sapalibutad
- Sapangbato
- Tabun
- Virgen Delos Remedios
Anunas
Anunas is the
Balibago and Malabañas
Pampang and San Nicolas
These two barangays form the main public market district of the city. The Pampang Wet Market, San Nicolas Market, Friday Flea Market (locally referred to as Apu), Jumbo Jenra Angeles, Puregold Angeles, and the Angeles Slaughterhouse are found here. The Pampang Wet Market is the largest and most frequented wet market in the province of Pampanga. It also attracts people from nearby towns. Ospital Ning Angeles (ONA),City College of Angeles, Angeles City National High School are located in Pampang.
Pulung Maragul
Pulung Maragul is the barangay that houses the city's government complex, which includes the Angeles City Hall, the Angeles City Hall of Justice, and other government buildings. It is also the location of the Angeles Exit of the North Luzon Expressway and Marquee Mall, Ayala's first mall in Central Luzon. Marquee Place and Marquee Residences later rose in Pulung Maragul as well, next to the mall.
Santo Rosario
Santo Rosario is the
Sapangbato
Sapangbato is the largest
Demographics
Languages
Kapampangan is the predominant language of the city, along with Tagalog. English is also widely spoken. Angeles City is also home to the majority of Chinese Filipinos that live in Pampanga, a large portion of these Chinese Filipinos have Philippine Hokkien or (咱人話) as their main language. [34] Due to the growing Korean population in Angeles City, Korean is also spoken by the Korean expatriates that are residing in Angeles City. [35]
|
|
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Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[3][36][37][38][39] |
Religion
The majority of the population of Angeles is Catholic.[
Expatriate and immigrant community
Owing to the presence of the nearby U.S. Clark Air Force Base and consequent Freeport Zone,
Economy
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Being home of the former Clark Air Base (once the largest United States military facility outside the continental United States), it was significantly affected by the fallout from the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991. The economy of Angeles was heavily dependent on the American base at that time.[10]
In 1993, a full cleanup and removal of volcanic ash deposits began and the former U.S. base was transformed into the
Angeles is home to an emerging technology industry. Its economy is based also on tourism and gambling.
In the 2000s, the local government of Angeles rebranded the Fields Avenue tourist belt as a high-end destination with fine restaurants and luxury hotels and casinos[56][57] The finishing of roads, such as the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway, has improved trade and transport.[23][58][59] The project connects the industrial, transport and business hubs of Pampanga, Zambales, Bataan and Tarlac. The project is crucial to bolstering growth in Central Luzon.[60][61]
The city has
Call centers present are e-Telecare,[64] CyberCity, Sutherland and IRMC. Other American IT industries are major employers as well.[65] The establishment of a number of shopping malls also fueled the city's economy, including SM City Clark, Robinsons Angeles, Jenra Grand Mall, Nepo Mall, Saver's Mall and the Marquee Mall, next to City Hall.[66][67]
Angeles City houses numerous restaurants that are usually located near the malls and mostly in Nepo Quad which was newly renovated to cater the heightened needs of the population.
Culture
The city hosts a street party called the Tigtigan Terakan keng Dalan (lit. 'Music and Dancing on the Streets') every October which features musical performances from both amateur and better-known
The Sisig Festival, locally known as the Sadsaran Qng Angeles, festivities dedicated to the Kapampangan dish sisig, used to be held every December.[69] It was halted in 2008 following the murder of Lucia Cunanan, who was known for promoting the dish. The festival was revived as a one-day fiesta in April 2017 in association with the Department of Tourism.
Tourism
Angeles is promoted as a
Sex tourism
A consequence of the presence of U.S. bases in the country is the prostitution industry in the city. Since the early days of Clark Air Base, Fields Avenue in Balibago district is an area frequently visited by the U.S. servicemen, has been known as a center for prostitution and sex tourism.[73][74][75][76] A BBC article characterized it as "the centre of the Philippines sex industry" and dubbed it "Sin City."[77] Elsewhere and in later years, Philippine travel publications have described it as the "Entertainment Capital of Central Luzon", "The Filipino
Angeles City Foreign Tourist Arrival reach 443,000 in 2022 Angeles City is the Biggest total number of International Tourist in North and Central Luzon . Mostly are koreans, chinese and Americans
Government
Local government
As a highly urbanized city in the Province of Pampanga, government officials in the provincial level are not voted by the electorates of the city. The provincial government have no political jurisdiction over local transactions of the city government. Residents of this city are not allowed to run for provincial level except for congress which the city of Angeles is part of Pampanga's 1st legislative district.
The city of Angeles is governed by a city mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a city council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.
Barangays are also headed by elected officials:
Elected officials
Position | Name |
---|---|
District Representative (1st Legislative District of the Province of Pampanga) |
Carmelo B. Lazatin II |
Chief Executive of the City of Angeles | Mayor Carmelo G. Lazatin Jr. |
Presiding Officer of the City Council of Angeles | Vice Mayor Maria Vicenta L. Vega |
Members of the City Council | Arvin M. Suller |
Joan Crystal J. Aguas | |
Danilo D. Lacson | |
Jesus S. Sangil | |
Marino D. Bañola | |
Alexander P. Indiongco | |
Raco Paolo S. Del Rosario | |
Edgardo G. Pamintuan Jr. | |
Joseph Alfie T. Bonifacio | |
Crisanto G. Cortez |
Congress representation
Angeles belongs to the first legislative district of the province of Pampanga. Currently, the city is represented by Carmelo B. Lazatin II in the house of representatives.
Education
Educational Complex's And Universities
This section is in prose. is available. (March 2017) |
- Angeles City National High School (ACNHS)
- AIE College
- AMA Computer Learning Center – Angeles
- AMA Computer University – Angeles
- Angeles City National Trade School
- Angeles City Science High School
- Angeles University Foundation
- Asian Institute of College Studies
- Asian Institute of Science and Technology
- Bonifacio V. Romero High School (formerly Epza High School)
- Chevalier School
- City College of Angeles (Pampang)
- Claro M. Recto Information and Communication Technology High School
- Computer System Specialist
- Dr. Clemente N. Dayrit Sr. Memorial High School (formerly RLLMHS Extension) (Lourdes Sur East)
- Gov. Rafael L. Lazatin Integrated School (Samerra Subd, Sapalibutad)
- Holy Angel University
- Holy Family Academy
- J&K International College
- Jocson College
- Mother of Perpetual Help Institute
- NU Clark[80]
- OB Montessori Center (Angeles Branch)
- Rafael L. Lazatin Memorial High School (RLLMHS Main)
- Republic Central Colleges (Lourdes Sur)
- School of the Holy Child
- St. Augustine School of Nursing
- Skill Power Institute
- STI College – Angeles
- Systems Plus College Foundation
Media
in Angeles City, the only Cable TV channel is PEP TV on a cable provider Air Cable Channel 3 SD & 209 in HD. There are three radio stations in the city: UFM 105.5, GVAM 792 and GV 99.1.
Transport
Clark International Airport is near the city; it is served by many passenger and cargo airlines, including some international ones.
List of Accredited Transport Cooperatives as of January 2021:[81]
- Bayanihan Terminal-Industrial Estate 5 Transport Service Cooperative
- Dau Operators and Drivers Transport Cooperative
- Electric Vehicle Operators Transport Service Cooperative
- Gp Elite Transport Service Cooperative
- Manibaug-Angeles Sta.Cruz Jeepney Operators and Drivers Transport Service Cooperative
- Team Byahero Transport Service Cooperative
Notable residents
Sister cities
Angeles has the following sister cities:
- Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.[82]
- Seo District, Daegu, South Korea[83]
- Pattaya, Thailand
- Shibuya, Japan
- Davao City, Philippines
- Cabanatuan, Philippines
- San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines[84]
- Valenzuela, Philippines[85]
- General Santos, Philippines
- Baguio, Philippines
- Taoyuan, Taiwan
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{{cite encyclopedia}}
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Some ... live on the streets, surviving on handouts and sniffs of mind-numbing glue. ... [W]hen Clark closed in 1991, everything changed. By the mid-'90s, the town began marketing its nubile wares on the Web... by 1999, the visiting population of Angeles had shifted from young American G.I.s to boozy retirees. The population of unwanted mixed-blood children continued to grow.
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Your Economic Haven in the Asia Pacific
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