Annie Lennox

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Annie Lennox
OBE
Lennox in 2023
Born
Ann Lennox

(1954-12-25) 25 December 1954 (age 69)
Aberdeen, Scotland
EducationRoyal Academy of Music
Occupations
  • Singer-songwriter
  • political activist
  • philanthropist
Years active1976–present
Spouses
  • Radha Raman
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1984; div. 1985)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1988; div. 2000)​
  • Mitch Besser
    ​
    (m. 2012)​
Children
RelativesRichard E. Besser (brother-in-law)
Musical career
Genres
Instrument(s)
  • Vocals
  • piano
Labels
Formerly of
WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata

Ann Lennox

OBE (born 25 December 1954) is a Scottish singer-songwriter, political activist and philanthropist. After achieving moderate success in the late 1970s as part of the new wave band the Tourists, she and fellow musician Dave Stewart went on to achieve international success in the 1980s as Eurythmics. Appearing in the 1983 music video for "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)" with orange cropped hair and wearing a man's lounge suit, the BBC wrote, "all eyes were on Annie Lennox, the singer whose powerful androgynous look defied the male gaze". Subsequent hits with Eurythmics include "There Must Be an Angel (Playing with My Heart)", "Love Is a Stranger" and "Here Comes the Rain Again
".

Lennox embarked on a solo career in 1992 with her debut album,

Billboard Century Award; the highest accolade from Billboard.[2] In 2004 she received the Golden Globe and the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Into the West", written for the soundtrack to the feature film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
.

Lennox's vocal range is

British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (The Ivors Academy), the first woman to receive the honour. Lennox and her Eurythmics partner Dave Stewart were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020, and the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
in 2022.

In addition to her career as a musician, Lennox is also a political and social activist, raising money and awareness for HIV/AIDS as it affects women and children in Africa. She founded the Sing campaign in 2007 and founded a women's empowerment charity called The Circle in 2008. In 2011 Lennox was appointed an OBE by Queen Elizabeth II for her "tireless charity campaigns and championing of humanitarian causes". On 4 June 2012 she performed at the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Concert in front of Buckingham Palace. In 2017, Lennox was appointed Glasgow Caledonian University's first female chancellor.[3]

Early life

Annie Lennox was born on Christmas Day 1954 in Aberdeen, Scotland. She is the daughter of Dorothy Farquharson (née Ferguson; 1930–2003) and Thomas Allison Lennox (1925–1986).[4][5]

Lennox went to the Aberdeen High School for Girls (which since became Harlaw Academy secondary school) where she was encouraged by her parents to explore her artistic qualities. She excelled at music, poetry and artwork. Here she learned to play the flute and the piano. She also sang in the choir and later played in symphony orchestras and military bands, and each year took part in the Aberdeen Music Festival. Lennox attended dance classes run by Marguerite Feltges – one such dance style was a Greek dance called Eurhythmics – a name she would call her band in later life, though with a different spelling.[6]

In 1971, Lennox began studying on a three year Music Performance degree course at the Royal Academy of Music in London. It is one of a small number of quite elite British music conservatories predominantly for classical music study at third level.[7] At college in London she studied flute, piano and harpsichord for nearly three years. Although Lennox studied for close to the duration of the course she did not finish her studies at the college. She found the amount of time devoted to music practice required to become a professional classical musician obsessive and felt that she was unconnected with the "whole cultural aspect".[8] Lennox lived on a student grant and worked at part-time jobs for extra money. She was unhappy with the direction she was going in and doubted her own talent when compared to her student contemporaries[9] while at the Royal Academy and deliberated on what other direction she could take.[10]

Lennox's flute teacher's final report stated: "Ann has not always been sure of where to direct her efforts, though lately she has been more committed. She is very, very able, however." Two years later, Lennox reported to the academy: "I have had to work as a waitress, barmaid, and shop assistant to keep me when not in musical work." She also played and sang with a few bands, such as Windsong, during the period of her course.

In 2017, the Academy awarded her an honorary degree of Doctorate. In her acceptance speech of her honorary Doctorate, Lennox said, "Many of my life experiences can be described as unconventional, idiosyncratic and synchronistic – as this event [graduation ceremony] proves to be no exception. By rights, I feel I’m not entitled to be here – but as John Lennon once famously said…'Life is what happens to you while you’re making other plans.'"[11]

Lennox was also made a Fellow of the

Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama.[12]

Career

1976–1990: Dragon's Playground, the Tourists and Eurythmics

Dave A. Stewart as part of the Eurythmics
, 1985

In 1976, Lennox was a flute player with a band called Dragon's Playground, leaving before they appeared on ITV's talent show New Faces.[13] From 1977 to 1980, she was the lead singer of the Tourists, a British pop band and her first collaboration with Dave Stewart.[14]

Lennox and Stewart's second collaboration, the 1980s

Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group), "You Have Placed a Chill in My Heart", "Thorn in My Side", "The Miracle of Love" and "Don't Ask Me Why". Although the Eurythmics never officially disbanded, Lennox made a fairly clear break from Stewart in 1990. Thereafter, she began her solo career.[18]

Lennox and Stewart reconvened Eurythmics in the late 1990s, resulting in the 1999 release of Peace, the band’s first album of new material in ten years. A subsequent concert tour was completed, with profits going to Greenpeace and Amnesty International.[2] Lennox has received eight Brit Awards, including being named Best British Female Artist a record six times.[19] Four of the awards were given during her time with Eurythmics, and another was given to the duo for Outstanding Contribution to Music in 1999.[20]

The 1988 single "

Wembley Stadium, performing "Under Pressure".[23]

1992–1993: Solo career and Diva

Main article: Diva (Annie Lennox album)

Lennox began working with former

Keep Young and Beautiful
" was included on the CD release as a bonus track (the original vinyl album had only ten tracks).

The album entered the UK album chart at no.1 and has since sold over 1.2 million copies in the UK alone, being certified quadruple platinum.

Rolling Stone magazine (25 June 1992, p. 41) described the album as "...state-of-the-art soul pop..." and it is included in Rolling Stone's (13 May 1999, p. 56) "Essential Recordings of the 90's" list. The album won Best British Album at the 1993 Brit Awards.[30]

1995–2000: Medusa and return to Eurythmics

Main articles: Medusa (Annie Lennox album) and Peace (Eurythmics album)

Although Lennox's profile decreased for a period because of her desire to bring up her two children outside of the media's glare, she continued to record. Her second album,

Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for the single "No More 'I Love You's'".[33] Although Lennox declined to tour for the album, she did perform a large scale one-off concert in New York's Central Park, which was filmed and later released on home video.[34] Lennox provided an extensive solo vocal performance (without lyrics) for the soundtrack score of the film Apollo 13 in 1995.[35]

Managed by

Billboard Century Award; the highest accolade from Billboard magazine, with Editor-in-Chief Timothy White describing her as one of "the most original and unforgettably affecting artists in the modern annals of popular music."[2]

2003–2007: Bare and work in Africa

Main article: Bare (Annie Lennox album)
Lennox on stage in 2004

In 2003, Lennox released her third solo album,

46th Grammy Awards. The album was released with a DVD which included interviews and acoustic versions of songs by Lennox.[41]

In 2004, Lennox won the

Madonna, Sting, and other popular musicians.[43]

In 2005, Lennox and Stewart collaborated on two new songs for their Eurythmics compilation album,

Dance hit.[21][22] On 14 November 2005, Sony BMG repackaged and released Eurythmics' back catalogue as 2005 Deluxe Edition Reissues.[44] Lennox also collaborated with Herbie Hancock doing the song "Hush, Hush, Hush" on his collaboration album, Possibilities in August 2005.[45]

2007–2008: Songs of Mass Destruction and AIDS activism

Main article: Songs of Mass Destruction
After releasing "Sing" with 23 other invited singers, Lennox launched the Sing campaign in 2007

Ending her long association with Stephen Lipson, Lennox's fourth solo album, Songs of Mass Destruction, was recorded in Los Angeles with veteran producer Glen Ballard (known for producing Alanis Morissette's album, Jagged Little Pill). It was released on 1 October 2007, and was the last studio album of Lennox's contract with BMG. It peaked at No. 7 in the UK and No. 9 in the US.[21][22] Lennox stated that she believed the album consisted of "twelve strong, powerful, really emotive songs that people can connect to". If she achieves that, she says, "I can feel proud of [it], no matter if it sells ten copies or 50 million."[46] Lennox described it as "a dark album, but the world is a dark place. It's fraught, it's turbulent. Most people's lives are underscored with dramas of all kinds: there's ups, there's downs – the flickering candle."[47] She added, "Half the people are drinking or drugging themselves to numb it. A lot of people are in pain."[47]

The album's first single was "

Madonna, Sarah McLachlan, Beth Orton, Pink, Kelis, Bonnie Raitt, Shakira, Shingai Shoniwa, Joss Stone, Sugababes, KT Tunstall, and Martha Wainwright. The song was recorded to raise money and awareness for the HIV/AIDS organisation Treatment Action Campaign.[48] Included among the group of vocalists are TAC activist members' own vocal group known as The Generics, whose CD of music inspired Lennox to make "Sing".[48] To promote Songs of Mass Destruction, Lennox embarked on a primarily North American tour called Annie Lennox Sings, which lasted throughout October and November 2007.[49]

2008–2009: The Annie Lennox Collection and departure from Sony

Main article: The Annie Lennox Collection

Finishing out her contract with Sony BMG, Lennox released the compilation album

UK Album Chart at No. 2 and remained in the top 10 for seven weeks.[51]

Lennox's recording contract with

46664 campaign in Johannesburg, the regional company office of the label failed to return phone calls and e-mails she made to them for three weeks, and had completely failed to promote the Sing project as planned. Upon her return to the UK, Lennox met with the head of Sony BMG UK, Ged Docherty, who was "mortified" by the problems she had encountered with the South African branch. The debacle (partly inflamed by her blogging her dissatisfaction with the South African office) led to press reports that she was "dropped" by Sony BMG, which quickly clarified that their contract had been fulfilled and that it hoped she would consider signing a new one. The British tabloid, Daily Mirror, subsequently printed a retraction of its story about her being dropped by the label.[52]

2010–2013: Island Records and A Christmas Cornucopia

Main article: A Christmas Cornucopia
Lennox performing live in Vienna during the SING campaign, 2010

In August 2010, Lennox signed a new contract with Island Records in the UK and Decca Records in the US (both part of the Universal Music Group).[53] Her first release was a Christmas album entitled A Christmas Cornucopia, issued on 15 November 2010. The album is a collection of Lennox's interpretations of traditional festive songs such as "Silent Night" and "The First Noel", along with one new composition, "Universal Child", which was released as a download-only single on 13 October 2010. Lennox had previously showcased the song on the American Idol Gives Back TV show in April 2010. She sang the song "Angels from the Realms of Glory" from the album for the TNT special Christmas in Washington.[54]

A music video was produced for a second single from the album, "

God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen". Lennox also performed the track on the UK chat show Loose Women in December 2010, and was also interviewed.[55] According to Metacritic, A Christmas Cornucopia has gained "generally favourable reviews".[56] Ian Wade of BBC Music gave the album a very positive review, saying "this collection could find itself becoming as much a part of the holiday season as arguments with loved ones."[57] Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine awarded the album 3.5/5 and said "Lennox seems more inspired on A Christmas Cornucopia than she has in years."[58] John Hunt of Qatar Today magazine gave the album 9/10 and said "in particular, the vocal work and musical arrangement of 'God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen' are impactful to the point of being intimidating."[59]

Lennox performing "Little Bird" during the symphony of British Music segment at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony in London

On 4 June 2012, Lennox performed, as part of the Queen's

2012 Summer Olympics Closing Ceremony.[60]

2014–2019: Nostalgia

In October 2014, Lennox released her sixth solo album,

Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album. On 28 January 2015, Lennox performed a live concert at the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles entitled An Evening of Nostalgia with Annie Lennox. The show aired on PBS in the US in April 2015, and was released on DVD and Blu-ray internationally in May 2015.[65]

2019–present: Lepidoptera

In May 2019, Lennox released Lepidoptera, an EP containing four extemporised piano songs. The album serves as a companion piece to her art installation "Now I Let You Go..." at

MASS moca. It is Lennox's first independently distributed record.[66]

Public image

Charity and political activism

HIV campaigner Lennox in Germany ahead of World AIDS Day in 2008

Lennox appeared on stage at the 1988 Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Concert and commenced activist work with the Sing Foundation afterwards.[67] In 1990, Lennox recorded a version of Cole Porter's "Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye" for the Cole Porter tribute album Red Hot + Blue, a benefit for AIDS awareness. A video was also produced.[68] Lennox has been a public supporter of Amnesty International and Greenpeace for many years, and she and Dave Stewart donated all of the profits from Eurythmics' 1999 Peacetour to both charities.[69] Concerned by Tibet freedom,[70] she supported Amnesty International campaigns for the release of Tibetan prisoners Palden Gyatso and Ngawang Choephel.[71]

Lennox was a signatory to the "No war on Iraq" campaign started in 2003,[72] her album "Songs of Mass Destruction" and her rendition of "Dark Road" were deeply critical of the war. In conversation with Melvyn Bragg in 2006, she expressed her anger at how the UK was misled over Iraq's alleged 'weapons of mass destruction'.[9]

After being forced to pull out of performing at

The SING Campaign, an organisation dedicated to raising funds and awareness for women and children affected by HIV and AIDS.[75]

Secretary of State for International Development Andrew Mitchell
in December 2011

On 11 December 2007, she performed in the

Gaza War in London on 3 January 2009.[78]

In 2008, Lennox founded The Circle of Women, known as The Circle, a private charitable organisation to network and fund-raise for women's projects around the world.[79]

Lennox opened the 2009 Edinburgh Festival of Politics with commentary on Pope

Benedict XVI's approach to HIV/AIDS prevention in Africa. She said that the Pope's denunciation of condoms on his recent tour of Africa had caused "tremendous harm" and she criticised the Roman Catholic Church for causing widespread confusion on the continent. Lennox also condemned the media's obsession with "celebrity culture" for keeping the AIDS pandemic off the front page. During her address, Lennox wore a T-shirt emblazoned with the words "HIV positive". Lennox wore similar T-shirts at the 25th Anniversary Rock & Roll Hall of Fame concert at Madison Square Garden on 30 October 2009,[80] during her appearance on The Graham Norton Show on 30 November 2009 (where she performed the new song "Full Steam", a duet with singer David Gray), during a recorded performance for American Idol during a 21 April 2010 fundraiser, entitled Idol Gives Back, and during a performance on the live Comic Relief
show on 18 March 2011.

"She is one of those exemplary human beings who chose to put her success in her chosen career to work in order to benefit others. She is a true friend of Africa and of South Africa. Her Aids activism in general, and support for the treatment action campaign in-particular, contributed significantly to turning the pandemic around in our country."

—Archbishop Desmond Tutu pays tribute to Annie Lennox in November 2013.[81]

In November 2009, Lennox was awarded the

Burma and promotes democratisation.[85]

In December 2010, it was confirmed that Lennox was in the

Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in recognition of her humanitarian work. She received the award from Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace on 28 June 2011.[86][87]

In November 2013, Lennox received the Music Industry Trusts Award for her career achievements in music and her charity commitments.[81] Elton John said of her award; "It is so well deserved and not only for your extraordinary contribution to music and songwriting but also for your outstanding and tireless work as an HIV and AIDS activist and supporter of women's rights," while Adele stated; "Annie Lennox has been a constant part of my life. An example of a brilliant talent that exudes excellence and influence on everyone."[81]

In 2015, Lennox attended, performed at and hosted several charitable events including: the 50th

Elton John Aids Foundation where she performed, held a screening of He Named Me Malala, and hosted a Mothers2mothers 15th Anniversary gala. In 2016 Lennox was awarded the Elle Style Awards 'Outstanding Achievement' award, and the Royal Scottish Geographical Society award, the Livingstone Medal, in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the fight against AIDS and support of women's rights.[88]

Lennox signed the October 2023 Artists4Ceasefire open letter calling for a ceasefire during the Israeli bombardment of Gaza.[89] In February 2024, at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards, during an in memoriam segment where she performed late singer Sinéad O'Connor's song Nothing Compares 2 U, Lennox repeated her call for a ceasefire and "peace in the world".[90]

Relationship with the LGBTQ+ community

Lennox was known for her androgyny during the 1980s

Lennox's longtime support for

The Advocate, "her distinctive voice and provocative stage persona have made Lennox a longtime gay icon."[92]

Known for her

1984 Grammy Awards.[17]

Exhibition

In conjunction with the

Salford, England from 17 March 2012 to 17 June,[99][100] before moving to Aberdeen for twelve weeks.[101]

Other work

On 31 March 2014, British retailer

Baroness Lawrence.[102][103]

Music videos

See also: Annie Lennox music videos

The video accompanying "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)", in which Annie Lennox appeared with closely cropped orange hair and wearing a man's business suit, was both striking and surreal. Lennox's extraordinary image was at odds with her female contemporaries.

— Sweet Dreams: remembering the music video that broke the mould for female pop stars, BBC.[93]

Both as part of Eurythmics and in her solo career, Lennox has made over 60 music promo videos. The 1987 Eurythmics album

Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert.[106]

Personal life

Lennox has been married three times. She and Dave Stewart were in a relationship for three years in the late 1970s, before they formed Eurythmics. They never married.[107]

Her first marriage, from 1984 to 1985, was to German Hare Krishna devotee Radha Raman.[108] From 1988 to 2000, Lennox was married to Israeli film and record producer Uri Fruchtmann and they lived in The Grove, Highgate.[109] The couple have two daughters, Lola and Tali. A son, Daniel, was stillborn in 1988.[110]

While fundraising in 2009, Lennox met Mitch Besser who had started an AIDS charity in Africa.[111][112] Besser had divorce proceedings brought against him in April 2012.[113] On 15 September 2012 Lennox married Besser at a private ceremony in London.[114][115][113] Besser is the brother of Richard E. Besser.[116]

In September 2012, Lennox featured in Series 9 of the BBC's

gamekeeper also at Balmoral.[117]

Both of Lennox's parents died of cancer.

feminist.[119] Lennox became a vegetarian at age 29.[120][121] In the 2010 Sunday Times Rich List of British millionaires from the world of music, Lennox was estimated to have a fortune of £30 million.[122]

Lennox's vocal range is contralto.[123][124][125]

Discography

Main article: Annie Lennox discography
See also: Eurythmics discography

Awards and nominations

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Annie Lennox

She has been named "The Greatest White Soul Singer Alive" by

British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (The Ivors Academy), the first woman to receive the honour.[130][131] Lennox and her Eurythmics partner Dave Stewart were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020, and the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2022.[132][133]

Lennox has received a variety of major awards during her career:

Billboard Century Award; the highest accolade from Billboard.[2] In 2004, she received the Golden Globe and the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Into the West", written for the soundtrack to the feature film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
.

As a member of Eurthymics, Lennox's accolades include the

MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist in 1984, the Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1987, and the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music in 1999. They were inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005, the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020,[135] and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2022.[136]

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