New wave music
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
New wave | |
---|---|
Stylistic origins | |
Cultural origins | Mid-to-late 1970s |
Derivative forms | |
Subgenres | |
Fusion genres | |
Two-tone[25] | |
Regional scenes | |
| |
Other topics | |
New wave is a music genre that encompasses pop-oriented styles from the late 1970s through the 1980s. It is considered a lighter and more melodic "broadening of punk culture".[4] It was originally used as a catch-all for the various styles of music that emerged after punk rock,[30] including punk itself.[31] Later, critical consensus favored "new wave" as an umbrella term involving many popular music styles of the era, including power pop, synth-pop, alternative dance, and specific forms of punk that were less abrasive.[15] It may also be viewed as a more accessible counterpart of post-punk.[31]
A number of common characteristics of new wave music include a humorous or quirky pop approach, angular guitar riffs, jerky rhythms, the use of electronics along with a distinctive visual style in fashion and music videos.
New wave commercially peaked from the late 1970s into the early 1980s with numerous major musicians and an abundance of one-hit wonders. MTV, which was launched in 1981, heavily promoted new-wave acts, boosting the genre's popularity in the United States.[31] In the UK, new wave faded at the beginning of the 1980s with the emergence of the New Romantic movement.[32] In the US, new wave continued into the mid-1980s but declined with the popularity of the New Romantic, new pop, and new music genres.[33][34] Since the 1990s, new wave resurged several times with the growing nostalgia for several new-wave-influenced musicians.[35][36][37]
Characteristics
New wave music encompassed a wide variety of styles that shared a quirky, lighthearted, and humorous tone[38] that were very popular in the late 1970s and 1980s.[4] New wave includes several pop-oriented styles from this time period.[4] Common characteristics of new wave music include a humorous or quirky pop approach, the use of electronic sounds, and a distinctive visual style in music videos and fashion.[31] According to Simon Reynolds, new wave music had a twitchy, agitated feel. New wave musicians often played choppy rhythm guitars with fast tempos; keyboards, and stop-start song structures and melodies are common. Reynolds noted new-wave vocalists sound high-pitched, geeky, and suburban.[39]
As new wave originated in Britain, many of the first new wave artists were British.[40] These bands became popular in America, in part, because of channels like MTV, which would play British new wave music videos because most American hit records did not have music videos to play. British videos, according to head of S-Curve Records and music producer Steve Greenberg, "were easy to come by since they'd been a staple of UK pop music TV programs like Top of the Pops since the mid-70s."[41] This rise in technology made the visual style of new wave musicians important for their success.
The majority of American, male, new wave acts of the late 1970s were from
Although new wave shares punk's
History
Forerunners
The Velvet Underground have also been heralded for their influence on new wave, post-punk and alternative rock.[49][50] Roxy Music were also influential to the genre as well as the works of David Bowie, Iggy Pop[51] and Brian Eno.[52]
Early 1970s
The term "new wave" is regarded as so loose and wide-ranging as to be "virtually meaningless", according to the New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock.[53] It originated as a catch-all for the music that emerged after punk rock, including punk itself,[31] in Britain. Scholar Theo Cateforis said that the term was used to commercialize punk groups in the media:
Punk rock or new wave bands overwhelmingly expressed their dissatisfaction with the prevailing rock trends of the day. They viewed bombastic progressive rock groups like
Emerson Lake and Palmer and Pink Floyd with disdain, and instead channeled their energies into a more stripped back sound… The media, however, portrayed punk groups like the Sex Pistols and their fans as violent and unruly, and eventually punk acquired a stigma—especially in the United States—that made the music virtually unmarketable. At the same time, a number of bands, such as the Cars, the Police and Elvis Costello and the Attractions, soon emerged who combined the energy and rebellious attitude of punk with a more accessible and sophisticated radio-friendly sound. These groups were lumped together and marketed exclusively under the label of new wave.[54]
As early as 1973, critics including
Mid- to late-1970s
Between 1976 and 1977, the terms "new wave" and "punk" were used somewhat interchangeably.[34][61]
Music historian Vernon Joynson said new wave emerged in the UK in late 1976, when many bands began disassociating themselves from punk.
In the US,
The term "post-punk" was coined to describe groups who were initially considered part of new wave but were more ambitious, serious, challenging, darker, and less pop-oriented.[according to whom?] Some of these groups later adopted synthesizers.[68] While punk rock wielded a major influence on the popular music scene in the UK, in the US it remained a fixture of the underground.[67]
By the end of 1977, "new wave" had replaced "punk" as the term for new underground music in the UK.[62] In early 1978, XTC released the single "This Is Pop" as a direct response to tags such as "new wave". Songwriter Andy Partridge later stated of bands such as themselves who were given those labels; "Let's be honest about this. This is pop, what we're playing ... don't try to give it any fancy new names, or any words that you've made up, because it's blatantly just pop music. We were a new pop group. That's all."[69] According to Stuart Borthwick and Ron Moy, authors of Popular Music Genres: an Introduction, the "height of popularity for new wave" coincided with the election of Margaret Thatcher in spring 1979.[70]
1980s
In the early 1980s, new wave gradually lost its associations with punk in popular perception among some Americans. Writing in 1989, music critic Bill Flanagan said; "Bit by bit the last traces of Punk were drained from New Wave, as New Wave went from meaning Talking Heads to meaning the Cars to Squeeze to Duran Duran to, finally, Wham!".[71] Among many critics, however, new wave remained tied to the punk/new wave period of the late 1970s. Writing in 1990, the "Dean of American Rock Critics" Robert Christgau, who gave punk and new wave bands major coverage in his column for The Village Voice in the late 1970s, defined "new wave" as "a polite term devised to reassure people who were scared by punk, it enjoyed a two- or three-year run but was falling from favor as the '80s began."[72]
In 2005, Andrew Collins of The Guardian offered the breakup of the Jam, and the formation of Duran Duran, as two possible dates marking the "death" of new wave.[77] British rock critic Adam Sweeting, who described the Jam as "British New Wave at its most quintessential and successful", remarked that the band broke up "just as British pop was being overrun by the preposterous leisurewear and over-budgeted videos of Culture Club, Duran Duran and ABC, all of which were anathema to the puritanical Weller."[78]
New wave was closely tied to punk, and came and went more quickly in the UK and Western Europe than in the US. At the time punk began, it was a major phenomenon in the UK and a minor one in the US. When new wave acts started being noticed in the US, the term "punk" meant little to mainstream audiences, and it was common for rock clubs and discos to play British dance mixes and videos between live sets by American guitar acts.[79]
Illustrating the varied meanings of "new wave" in the UK and the US, English author Andrew Collins recounted how growing up in the 1970s he considered
Current critical thought discredits new wave as a genre, deriding it as a marketing ploy to soft-sell punk, a meaningless umbrella term covering bands too diverse to be considered alike. Powerpop, synth-pop, ska revival, art school novelties and rebranded pub rockers were all sold as "New Wave".[15]
Popularity in the United States (1970s–1980s)
This section possibly contains synthesis of material which does not verifiably mention or relate to the main topic. (May 2020) |
1970s
In mid-1977, Time[81] and Newsweek wrote favorable lead stories on the punk/new wave movement.[82] Acts associated with the movement received little or no radio airplay, or music industry support. Small scenes developed in major cities. Continuing into the next year, public support remained limited to select elements of the artistic, bohemian, and intellectual population[62] as arena rock and disco dominated the charts.[83] In early 1979, Eve Zibart of The Washington Post noted the contrast between "the American audience's lack of interest in New Wave music" compared to critics, with a "stunning two-thirds of the Top 30 acts" in the 1978 Pazz & Jop poll falling into the "New Wave-to-rock 'n' roll revivalist spectrum".[84] A month later, the same columnist called Elvis Costello the "Best Shot of the New Wave" in America, speculating that "If New Wave is to take hold here, it will be through the efforts of those furthest from the punk center" due to "inevitable" American middle class resistance to the "jarring rawness of New Wave and its working-class angst."[85]
Starting in late 1978 and continuing into 1979, acts associated with punk and acts that mixed punk with other genres began to make chart appearances and receive airplay on rock stations and rock discos.[86] Blondie, Talking Heads, the Police, and the Cars charted during this period.[34][83] "My Sharona", a single from the Knack, was Billboard magazine's number-one single of 1979; its success, combined with new wave albums being much cheaper to produce during the music industry's worst slump in decades,[86] prompted record companies to sign new wave groups.[34] At the end of 1979, Dave Marsh wrote in Time that the Knack's success confirmed rather than began the new wave movement's commercial rise, which had been signaled in 1978 by hits for the Cars and Talking Heads.[87] In 1980, there were brief forays into new wave-style music by non-new wave artists Billy Joel (Glass Houses), Donna Summer (The Wanderer), and Linda Ronstadt (Mad Love).[34]
1980s
Early in 1980, influential radio consultant Lee Abrams wrote a memo saying with a few exceptions, "we're not going to be seeing many of the new wave circuit acts happening very big [in the US]. As a movement, we don't expect it to have much influence."[88][31] A year earlier, Bart Mills of The Washington Post asked "Is England's New Wave All Washed Up?", writing that "The New Wave joined the Establishment, buying a few hits at the price of its anarchism. Not a single punk band broke through big in America, and in Britan John Travolta sold more albums than the entire New Wave."[89] Lee Ferguson, a consultant to KWST, said in an interview Los Angeles radio stations were banning disc jockeys from using the term and noted; "Most of the people who call music new wave are the ones looking for a way not to play it".[90] Second albums by new wave musicians who had successful debut albums, along with newly signed musicians, failed to sell and stations pulled most new wave programming,[34] such as Devo's socially critical but widely misunderstood song "Whip It".[91]
In 1981, the start of MTV began new wave's most successful era in the US.[citation needed] British musicians, unlike many of their American counterparts, had learned how to use the music video early on.[83][92] Several British acts on independent labels were able to outmarket and outsell American musicians on major labels, a phenomenon journalists labeled the "Second British Invasion" of "new music", which included many artists of the New Romantic movement.[92][93] In 1981, Rolling Stone contrasted the movement with the previous new wave era, writing that "the natty Anglo-dandies of Japan", having been "reviled in the New Wave era", seemed "made to order for the age of the clothes-conscious New Romantic bands."[94] MTV continued its heavy rotation of videos by "post-New Wave pop" acts "with a British orientation" until 1987, when it changed to a heavy metal and rock-dominated format.[95]
In a December 1982
New wave soundtracks were used in mainstream
In September 1988, Billboard launched its
Post-1980s revivals and influence
Indie and alternative rock
In the US, new wave continued into the mid-1980s but declined with the popularity of the
During the 2000s, a number of acts that exploited a diversity of new wave and post-punk influences emerged. These acts were sometimes labeled "New New Wave".[109][110] According to British music journalist Chris Nickson, Scottish band Franz Ferdinand revived both Britpop and the music of the late 1970s "with their New Wave influenced sound".[111] AllMusic notes the emergence of these acts "led journalists and music fans to talk about a post-punk/new wave revival" while arguing it was "really more analogous to a continuum, one that could be traced back as early as the mid-'80s".[36]
Electronic music
During the mid-2000s, new rave combined new wave with elements from genres such as indie rock and electro house,[112] and added aesthetic elements archetypal of raves, such as light shows and glow sticks.[113][114][115]
References
- ^ "What is New Wave Music? 9 Examples & History". musicindustryhowto.com. 28 February 2023.
- ^ "33 Best New Wave Songs In The World". musicindustryhowto.com. 12 April 2022.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4652-3886-3.
- ^ Rovi Corporation. Archived from the originalon 25 October 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Seddon, Stephen. "New wave". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
- ^ Lynch, Joe (14 January 2016). "David Bowie Influenced More Musical Genres Than Any Other Rock Star". Billboard. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
- ^ "What Is Art Pop? A Guide To The Music Genre". walnutcreekband.org. 4 October 2022.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 9–12.
- ^ ISBN 1-899855-13-0.
- ^ "New Wave Music: The History and Bands of New Wave Music". masterclass.com. 8 June 2021.
- ^ "What Is Art Pop? A Guide To The Music Genre". walnutcreekband.org. 4 October 2022.
- ^ "A Guide to Progressive Pop". tidal.com. 20 November 2019.
- ^ "The New Synthesizer Rock". Keyboard. June 1982. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ "Bernard Edwards, 43, Musician In Disco Band and Pop Producer". The New York Times. 22 April 1996.
As disco waned in the late 70s, so did Chic's album sales. But its influence lingered on as new wave, rap and dance-pop bands found inspiration in Chic's club anthems
- ^ a b c d Cooper, Kim, Smay, David, Bubblegum Music is the Naked Truth (2001), page 248 "Nobody took the bubblegum ethos to heart like the new wave bands"/
- ^ "A Guide to Progressive Pop". tidal.com. 20 November 2019.
- ISBN 0-415-23734-3, p. 136.
- ^ Pirnia, Garin (13 March 2010). "Is Chillwave the Next Big Music Trend?". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ a b Gordon, Claire (23 October 2009). "The decade that never dies". Yale Daily News. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- AllMusic
- ^ Shaw, Greg (14 January 1978). "New Trends of the New Wave". Billboard. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
- ^ "25 Essential Sophisti-Pop Songs". Westwoodhorizon.com.
- ^ Ogiba, Jeff (11 July 2012). "A Brief History Of Musical Waves From NEW To NEXT". Vice.
- ^ Ogiba, Jeff (11 July 2012). "A Brief History Of Musical Waves From NEW To NEXT". Vice.
- ^ "Ska Revival". AllMusic.
- ^ Filipinojournal.com Archived 12 June 2014 at the Wayback Machine A Tribute to the '80s Philippine New Wave Scene
- ^ Božilović, Jelena (2013). "New Wave in Yugoslavia-Socio-Political Context" (PDF). Facta Universitatis. Philosophy, Sociology, Psychology and History. 12 (1): 69–83.
- TheGuardian.com.
- ^ Sullivan, Jim (16 September 2019). "The Cars Frontman Ric Ocasek Paved Path From Boston Punk To Mainstream New Wave". Wbur.org.
- ^ Graham Thompson,American Culture in the 1980s, Edinburgh University Press, 2007, p. 163
- ^ a b c d e f g h "New Wave Music Genre Overview". AllMusic.
- ^ a b Nickson, Chris (25 September 2012). "New Wave Music in The 70s". ministryofrock.co.uk. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ a b Collins, Andrew (18 March 2005). "And then came the wave...: When he was growing up in 1970s Northampton, Andrew Collins would have killed anyone who'd called his favourite bands new wave". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
Costello, new wave's patron saint, was smart enough to put its musical licks behind him by 1980. In the US, of course, it flourished for years after, with bands as sappy as the Bangles and Huey Lewis & The News rocking the look into 1986 and beyond.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cateforis, Theo (2009). The Death of New Wave (PDF). IASPM US. San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2013.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-415-14726-2.
- ^ a b New Wave/Post Punk Revival AllMusic
- ^ "Q&A with Theo Cateforis, author of Are We Not New Wave? Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s" (PDF). University of Michigan Press. 2011.
- ^ "new wave". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022.
- ^ Reynolds, Simon Rip It Up and Start Again PostPunk 1978–1984 p.160
- ^ a b Puterbaugh, Parke (10 November 1983). "Anglomania: The Second British Invasion". Rolling Stone. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
New music betokens a kind of pop modernism with a British bias, without getting too specific. It can be said to have originated in the U.K. around 1977 with the noisy, infidel insurrections of the Clash, the Sex Pistols and the Jam, and it continues—in a broken line and through all manner of phases and stages—to the present day, with such bands as Culture Club, Duran Duran and Big Country.
- ^ Greenberg, Steve. "From Comiskey Park To 'Thriller' (How The Pop Music Audience Was Torn Apart, And Then Put Back Together)". S-Curve Records. S-Curve Records. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
Why did MTV choose to play videos of songs that weren't on the radio, rather than concentrating on the biggest pop hits? Quite simply, music videos for most of the American hit records of the day did not exist. Desperate to fill a round-the-clock schedule with videos, MTV's initial playlists were chock full of clips by British new wave acts unfamiliar to American radio audiences. British videos were easy to come by since they'd been a staple of UK pop music TV programs like "Top of the Pops" since the mid-70s.
- ^ a b Cateforis 2011, pp. 71–94.
- ISBN 978-0472034703.
- ISBN 978-0472034703.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 185–201.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 203–211.
- ^ Berlatsky, Noah (11 May 2021). "New Wave is Defined By Whiteness". Splice Today. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- OCLC 310962465.
- ^ "Punk'd: The Velvet Underground – The Velvet Underground & Nico". Acrn.com. 2 March 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
- ^ Jones, Chris. "BBC – Music – Review of The Velvet Underground – The Velvet Underground & Nico (Deluxe Edition)". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
- ^ Peacock, Tim (21 April 2023). "Best Iggy Pop Songs: 20 Tracks With An Insatiable Lust For Life". uDiscover Music. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ James, Mark (28 February 2023). "What is New Wave Music? 9 Examples & History". Music Industry How To. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
- ISBN 978-0472034703.
- ^ Cateforis, Theo (4 May 2011). "Q&A with Theo Cateforis, author of Are We Not New Wave?". University of Michigan Press Blog. Michigan Publishing. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, p. 20.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- ^ "Robert Christgau: A Real New Wave Rolls Out of Ohio". Robertchristgau.com. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- ISBN 9781441103703.
- ^ Clinton Heylin, Babylon's Burning (Conongate, 2007), p. 17.
- ^ Savage, Jon. (1991) England's Dreaming, Faber & Faber
- ISBN 1-899855-13-0.
- ^ a b c d Gendron, Bernard (2002). Between Montmartre and the Mudd Club: Popular Music and the Avant-Garde (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press), pp. 269–270.
- ^ Clinton Heylin, Babylon's Burning (Conongate, 2007), pp. 140, 172.
- ^ Adams, Bobby. "Nick Lowe: A Candid Interview", Bomp magazine, January 1979, reproduced at [1]. Retrieved 21 January 2007.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, p. 25.
- ^ The Grove Dictionary of American Music, 2nd edition New 3 September 2014
- ^ a b Cateforis, Theo. "New Wave." The Grove Dictionary of American Music, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press. 2014.
- ^ Greil Marcus (1994). Ranters and Crowd Pleasers. Anchor Books. p. 109.
- ^ Bernhardt, Todd; Partridge, Andy (11 November 2007). "Andy discusses "This Is Pop"". Chalkhills.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7486-1745-6
- ^ Cateforis 2011, p. 63.
- ISBN 0-679-73015-X.
- ^ DeRogatis, Jim (November 1999). "A Final Chat with Lester Bangs". Perfect Sound Forever.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 12, 56.
- ^ Matos, Michaelangelo (29 September 2011). "The Writer's Jukebox: An Interview with Chuck Eddy". Los Angeles Review of Books. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, p. 254.
- ^ a b Collins, Andrew (18 March 2005). "And then came the wave...: When he was growing up in 1970s Northampton, Andrew Collins would have killed anyone who'd called his favourite bands new wave". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ^ Sweeting, Adam (25 April 2002). "That was the modern world". The Guardian.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 46–47, 62.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 46–47.
- ^ "Anthems of the Blank Generation". Time. 11 July 1977. Archived from the original on 24 January 2009. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ "Punk/New Wave". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 27 May 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Graves, Steve. "New Wave Music". St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Retrieved 30 March 2019 – via Encyclopedia.com.
- ^ Zibart, Eve (30 January 1979). "Clash-Consciousness: The Latest Breaking of Britain's New Wave". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ Zibart, Eve (8 February 1979). "Elvis Costello: Best Shot of the New Wave". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ a b Cateforis 2011, p. 37.
- ^ Marsh, Dave (27 December 1979). "The Flip Sides of 1979". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ Abrams, Lee; Goldstein, Patrick (16 February 1980). "Is New-Wave Rock on the Way Out?" (Image). Retrieved 18 March 2022.
With the exception of the Boomtown Rats, the Police and a few other bands, we're not going to be seeing many of the New Wave circuit acts happening very big over here (in America). As a movement, we don't expect it to have much influence.
- ^ "Is the New Wave All Washed Up?". The Washington Post. 13 January 1979. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ Goldstein, Patrick (16 February 2010). "Is New-Wave Rock on the Way Out?". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 30 December 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ AllMusic Whip It Review "But even though most of the listening public took "Whip It" as just a catchy bit of weirdness with nonsensical lyrics about a vaguely sexy topic, the song's actual purpose – like much of Devo's work – was social satire. Putting the somewhat abstract lyrics together, "Whip It" emerges as a sardonic portrait of a general, problematic aspect of the American psyche: the predilection for using force and violence to solve problems, vent frustration, and prove oneself to others"
- ^ a b c Rip It Up and Start Again Postpunk 1978–1984 by Simon Reynolds Pages 340, 342–343
- ^ "1986 Knight Ridder news article". Nl.newsbank.com. 3 October 1986. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ Loder, Kurt (17 July 1981). "Rolling Stone Random Notes". The Tuscaloosa News. Retrieved 14 February 2024 – via Google News Archive.
- ^ Holden, Stephen (15 June 1988). "The Pop Life". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ a b "Rock Still Favorite Teen-Age music". Gainesville Sun. 13 April 1983. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ "Crossover: Pop Music thrives on black-white blend". Knight Ridder News Service. 4 September 1986. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ "But what does it all mean? How to decode the John Hughes high school movies". The Guardian. UK. 26 September 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ Gora, Susannah (7 March 2010). "Why John Hughes Still Matters". MTV. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, p. 233.
- ^ Radio, N. T. S. "In Focus: Peter Ivers 10th March 2020". NTS Radio. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ "New Wave Theater : The Waitresses and The Plimsouls : 1982 Los Angeles". Tvparty.com. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ Cateforis 2011, pp. 65–66.
- ^ Christgau, Robert (1996) "How to Beat the Law of Averages", from Details, 1996.
- ^ Nickson, Chris (25 September 2012). "Indie and the New Musical Express". ministryofrock.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ISBN 978-1-59376-460-9.
- ^ Nickson, Chris (31 July 2010). "The Smiths Were The Idols of Indie". ministryofrock.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ Nickson, Chris (11 February 2015). "The History of Britpop". ministryofrock.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ Paoletta, Michael (17 September 2004). "New wave is back – in hot new bands". Today.com. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ "Gwen Stefani MTV biography". Mtv. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- ^ Nickson, Chris (29 June 2013). "Britpop Revival". ministryofrock.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ The Observer. 5 October 2006 Rousing Rave from the Grave. Retrieved 9 January 2008.
- ^ BBC News. 3 January 2007. "Sound of 2007: Klaxons". Retrieved 31 March 2007.
- ^ Robinson, Peter (3 February 2007). "The Future's Bright..." The Guardian. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
- ^ Times Online. 12 November 2006. "Here We Glo Again". Retrieved 13 February 2009.
Bibliography
- Cateforis, Theo (2011). Are We Not New Wave?: Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s. The University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-03470-3. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
- Coon, Caroline. 1988: the New Wave Punk Rock Explosion. London: Orbach and Chambers, 1977. ISBN 0-8015-6129-9.
Further reading
- Bukszpan, Daniel. The Encyclopedia of New Wave. ISBN 978-1-4027-8472-9
- Majewski, Lori: Bernstein, Jonathan Mad World: An Oral History of New Wave Artists and Songs That Defined the 1980s. ISBN 978-1-4197-1097-1
External links
- New Wave Complex – the original page dedicated to new wave music since 1996
- New wave albums statistics and tagging at Last.FM
- New wave tracks statistics and tagging at Last.FM
- Encyclopædia Britannica Definition
- Village Voice.
- Village Voice.
- 1997 Interview with Brat Pack Film Director John Hughes Published MTV 7 August 2009
- Campion, Chris (7 January 2010). Walking on the Moon: The Untold Story of the Police and the Rise of New Wave. Wiley. ISBN 9780470627839.
- Rock Against the Bloc Archived 2 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine A look back at the punk/new wave movement in Poland by the Krakow Post, 1 February 2010
- "Drowning In My Nostalgia". Philippine Inquirer. 7 September 2002.
A critic looks back at her teenage fan days in the Philippines and Los Angeles
- Collins, Andrew (18 March 2005). "And then came the wave...: When he was growing up in 1970s Northampton, Andrew Collins would have killed anyone who'd called his favourite bands new wave". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 May 2020.