Aquatic warbler
Aquatic warbler | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Acrocephalidae |
Genus: | Acrocephalus |
Species: | A. paludicola
|
Binomial name | |
Acrocephalus paludicola (Vieillot, 1817)
| |
Range of A. paludicola Breeding Passage Non-breeding Possibly Extant (passage) Probably extinct
|
The aquatic warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola) is an
This small
This is a medium-sized warbler. The adult has a heavily streaked brown back and pale underparts with variable streaking. The forehead is flattened, and the bill is strong and pointed. There is a prominent whitish supercilium and crown stripe.
It can be confused with the juvenile
The song is a fast, chattering ja-ja-ja punctuated with typically acrocephaline whistles.
The genus name Acrocephalus is from Ancient Greek akros, "highest", and kephale, "head". It is possible that Naumann and Naumann thought akros meant "sharp-pointed". The specific paludicola is Latin, from paludis, "swamp", and colere, "to inhabit".[5]
Conservation
The aquatic warbler is the rarest and the only internationally threatened
The main threat the species is facing is the
Much of the funding for
Conservation methods
The main method employed to protect the species from extinction is habitat restoration. Bushes, reeds and trees are cut down. An adequate level of water regulation is achieved through hydraulic equipment installation.[7]
In order to protect the bird's offspring, farmers need to select optimal grassland mowing time (as late as 15 of August) and choose environment-friendly mowing technologies. As the late-cut grass isn't suitable for feeding making these measures economically unfavorable, farmers who agree to help out receive state issued compensations. The unusable late-cut grass is taken to processing plants that recycle it into biofuel/grass pellets.[8]
Translocations
Due to
During the species' first translocation In June 2018, the Lithuanian Baltic Environmental Forum (BEF) successfully translocated, raised, and released 49 aquatic warbler chicks from Zvanec Belarus to the Žuvintas biosphere reserve in Lithuania.[10] By the end of the 2019 summer breeding season, 11 (22%) of the translocated birds returned to the Žuvintas biosphere reserve.[11]
In the summer of 2019, the BEF successfully translocated, raised, and released an additional 50 birds from Zvanec Belarus to the Žuvintas biosphere reserve.[12]
Range and population
Country/region and population group | Mean population estimate (singing males) | Population trend, comments |
---|---|---|
Central European | 10,769 | Decreasing/fluctuating |
Belarus | 4,120 | Decreasing |
Ukraine | 3,653 | Fluctuating, but data quality low |
East-Poland | 2,996 | Increasing |
Lithuanian | 110 | Fluctuating with recent increase |
Lithuania | 110 | Strong decline until 2013, increase afterwards |
Latvia | 0 | Last breeding season records 2000-2002 |
Hungarian | 65 | No bird recorded since 2011 |
Hungary | 65 | Steep decline until 2010 to 15-18 s.m., no bird recorded since 2011 |
Pomeranian | 30 | Declining |
West-Poland | 28 | Strong continuous decline since mid-1990s |
Germany | 2 | Strong decline since early 19th century, 0-10 s.m. 2007–10, 3 s.m. in 2010, 3 s.m. in 2012, 1 s.m. in 2013, absent since 2014 |
Siberian | 0-500 | Unknown |
Russia (western Siberia) | 0-500 | Last breeding season records from 2000 (western Siberia), possibly now extinct |
Global population | 10,974 | Stable/fluctuating but small geographical subpopulations all declining |
References
- . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-00-059256-0.
- ^ Expedition solves Aquatic Warbler mystery, Birdlife International (2007). Retrieved 2012
- ^ Leisler, B. & Wink, Michael (2000): "Frequencies of multiple paternity in three Acrocephalus species (Aves: Sylviidae) with different mating systems (A. palustris, A. arundinaceus, A. paludicola)". Ethology, Ecology & Evolution 12: 237-249.
- ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ "List of conservation projects" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-10. Retrieved 2012-11-22.
- ^ "Protecting aquatic warbler: farming in wet meadows and fen mires by Baltic Environmental Forum Lithuania - Issuu". issuu.com.
- ^ "Home". Nine voices.
- ^ "Translocation of the Aquatic Warbler" (PDF). meldine.lt.
- ^ "New habitat for Europe's rarest song bird". EASME - European Commission. 2019-02-15. Archived from the original on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2019-09-04.
- ^ Grinienė, Rita (2019-06-27). "First ever Aquatic Warbler translocation confirmed to be effective". meldine.lt. Archived from the original on 2019-07-07. Retrieved 2019-09-04.
- ^ Grinienė, Rita (2019-07-15). "50 aquatic warbler nestlings are successfully released into the wild". meldine.lt. Retrieved 2019-09-04.
External links
- ARKive - images and movies of the aquatic warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola)
- BirdLife International The Aquatic Warbler Conservation Team
- Conserving Aquatic Warbler in Poland and Germany an EU LIFE NATURE project
- Baltic Aquatic Warbler an EU LIFE NATURE project
- Magni Ducatus Acrola an EU LIFE NATURE project
- CMS Aquatic Warbler Memorandum of Understanding
- Ageing and sexing (PDF; 1.3 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze