Awhadi Maraghai

Awhadi Maraghei (also spelled Auhadi;

He is usually surnamed "Maraghai", but also mentioned as Awhadi Esfahani because his father hailed from Isfahan and he himself spent part of his life there. He first chose the pen-name Safi, but changed it to Awhadi after becoming a devotee of the school of the famous mystic Awhad al-Din Kermani.^[3]

Life

His full name was Awhad al-Din (or Rukn al-Din) ibn Husayn Isfahani. According to a verse in his Mathnawi-yi Jam-i jam, Awhadi was born in the city of Isfahan in c. 1274. He most likely lived there until his later teens. At the start of the 1290s, Awhadi went on a long trip, visiting various places, such as Basra, Baghdad, Damascus, Sultaniyya, Karbala, Kufa, Najaf, Qum and Hamadan. He also briefly lived in Mecca. In c. 1306, Awhadi permanently settled in Maragha, but would also regularly visit Tabriz to the north, which was a day's travel. He died on 6 April 1338 at Maragha,^[1] where he is buried.^[3]

Work

Awhadi has a divan of 8000 verses which consists of the Persian poetic forms

In addition to his divan of shorter poems, he has left two important Persian works in

Nasir al-Din Tusi. His most important and well known work was the Masnavi Jām-i Jam ("The Cup of Jamshid") also called Jām-e-Jahānbīn ("The mirror of the universe"). It was written in 1333 and has 5000 verses and follows the style of Sanai's Hadiqah.^[3]

Sample quotes from Jām-i Jam:

• «پایداری به عدل و داد بود// ظلم و شاهی، چراغ و باد بود»
• «خاك از ایشان چگونه مشك شود// گر به دریا روند خشك شـود»
• «خواب را گفته‌ای برادر مرگ// چو بخسبی همی زنی درِ مرگ»
• «دزد را شحنه راه و رخت نمود// کشتن دزد بی‌گناه چه سود؟// دزد با شحنه چون شریک بود// کوچه‌ها را عسس چریک بود»
• «نفس خود را بكش نبرد اين است// منتهای كمال مرد این است»

Ali Karamustafa notes in Der Islam, narrating about perceptions of Turkomans in Iran and the lands further west in the 12th to 14th centuries, that Awhadi Maraghai considered Turkomans to be "unthinking (bī-fekr) and naïve country bumpkins easily fooled by thieves."^[4]

Fahlavi Poem

Awhad Maraghai has three ghazals in the

Fahlavi dialect of Isfahan, arranged under the title of "in the language of Isfahan".^[5]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Lewisohn 2011.
2. ^ Buchanan-Brown, John Steinberg, S. H., Sigfrid Henry Cassell's Encyclopaedia of World Literature 3 Volume. 2nd revised and enlarged ed., general editor J. Buchanan-Brown London, Cassell, 1973 - p. 86 Auhadi (Maragheh 1337/38), Persian poet, author of a mystical poem
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Khaleghi-Motlagh 1987, p. 119.
4. doi:10.1515/islam-2020-0030
   .
5. ^ Tafazzoli 1999, pp. 158–162.

Sources

• Khaleghi-Motlagh, Dj. (1987). "Awḥadī Marāḡaʾī". In
  ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7
  .
• ISSN 1873-9830
  .
• ISBN 978-9401034814
  .
• Tafazzoli, Ahmad (1999). "Fahlavīyāt". In
  ISBN 978-0-933273-27-6
  .

Further reading

• Maraghai, Awhadi (1961). Nafisi, Saeed (ed.). Dīvān-i Awhadī Marāgheī (in Persian). Tehran: Amir Kabir.

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