Bestia (game)
Rams group | |
Players | 3–10 |
---|---|
Cards | 40 cards |
Deck | Italian |
Rank (high→low) | 1 3 R C F 7 6 5 4 |
Play | Anti-clockwise |
Chance | High |
Related games | |
Bête |
Bestia is an Italian card game. It is a gambling game and is similar to Briscola and Tressette. The word bestia means beast.
History
The game of Bête was born in France around 1600. It is recorded as early as 1608,[1] and the game is described in La maison academique : contenant les jeux du picquet, du hoc, du tric-trac, (…), divers jeux de cartes, qui se joüent en differentes fac̜ons, Paris, 1659:[2] as ‘Le Jeu de l'Homme, autrement dit la Beste’. La maison academique was later reprinted (1665, 1668, 1674, 1697, 1702), then was continued by the Académie Universelle des Jeux (Paris 1718, and later editions).[3] The first description of the Italian game of Bestia comes from Raffaele Bisteghi in his Il giuoco pratico (Bologna, 1753).[4] The French and Italian game are analyzed and discussed by Girolamo Zorli.[5] Eighteenth-century Bestia was different from today's version described below. It was a catch game with an obligation to
Rules
Bestia is played by 3 to 10 players. Deal and play are anticlockwise. The game consists of several
Cards
Bestia is played with a
Stakes
At the start of the hand, a
Deal
First
Auction
The purpose of the
Play
First hand leads to the first trick and each player, in turn, plays one card to the trick. A
Settlement
At the end of the hand, the pot is divided among the players on the basis of their tricks, therefore one third per trick taken. If a player fails to make at least one trick, he loses ("goes
Tactics
- If player on leadhas the highest trump (the Ace) he should play it. The same rule does not apply to the three, even if the ace of the same suit is out.
- If player on lead has a trump after the first trick, he must play it.
- If a player has to play trumps (e.g. having only trumps in his hand or not having the led suit for the second trick) he will play the highest trump. An exception is when one's highest trump does not exceed the one already played, which has nothing to do with the obligation to trump.
The above 3 maxims are excellent tactics and many circles make them rules, punished with the payment of the pot if broken.
References
- ^ In La mort aux pipeurs, Paris, 1608, a little pamphlet against cheats (‘pipeurs’)
- ^ A compendium of rules of various games.
- ^ _ (1739). Académie Universelle des Jeux, pp. 255ff. It was first published in 1718 and the latest one appeared in 2008.
- ^ Raphael's collection of various games pdf Bisteghi Archived 2015-09-11 at the Wayback Machine was the first Italian collection of various games and has undergone various reissues and reprints. Reference is made here to the first edition, pp. 175 ff.
- ^ Zorli, Girolamo. La Bestia di Raffaele Bisteghi. Zorli was a researcher of the history of Italian card games. Article formerly at [www.tretre.it tretre.it] now archived.