Bogra

Coordinates: 24°51′N 89°22′E / 24.850°N 89.367°E / 24.850; 89.367
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the city. For the district, see Bogra District. For the cantonment, see Bogra Cantonment. For the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, see Mohammad Ali Bogra.

Bogra
বগুড়া
Bogura
UTC+6 (BST)
Postal code
5800
Calling code051
Websitewww.bogra.gov.bd

Bogra (Bengali: বগুড়া), officially known as Bogura,[2] is a city located in Bogra District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh. The city is a major commercial hub in Northern Bangladesh. It is the second largest city in terms of both area and population in Rajshahi Division.[3] The Bogra bridge connects the Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division.[4]

Bogra is named after Nasiruddin Bughra Khan, the Governor of Bengal from 1279 to 1282 and the son of Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban.[5] The city is approximately 71.56 km2 (27.63 sq mi) and is divided into 21 wards. Bogra has a population of around 12,40,000 people. Since it is one of the oldest cities in Bengal, Bogra is famous for its many ancient Buddhist stupas, Hindu temples, and ancient palaces of Buddhist kings and Muslim sultans.

The city has produced notable personalities including Prime Minister

Muhammad Ali Bogra of Pakistan, President Ziaur Rahman
of Bangladesh, both of whom were born and lived in the city.

History

Bogra is considered the oldest city of Bengal, dating to the reign of the

Dinajpur
.

Bogra has been a transportation, cultural and economic hub for thousands of years. In the early 800AD, it was a core place of doing business through the Karatoya River (a sub-river of the

British East India Company
.

In the late seventh century, the British East India Company gave control of the area to Nowab and Shatani families, who still are two of the most reputed families in the city.

During the

Bangladesh Forces under Sector 7 and the Pakistan Army
.

Geography

Ramparts of the Mahasthangarh citadel, a few miles from Bogra

First formed in 1821, the administrative district of Bogra contains an area of 1,359 sq mi (3,520 km2).

The principal rivers in the district are formed by the different channels of the

Karatoya, and Atrai
, drive the thriving commercial activities in the area.

In 1911 the Karatoya (which flows from north to south), divided the district into two portions, the eastern tract with rich

alluvial soil, subject to fertilizing inundations, yielded heavy crops of coarse rice, oil seeds, and jute, while the soil of the higher western portion of the district allowed for growing rice.[6]

Climate

The city enjoys a tropical climate, with two main seasons: winter and summer. Bogra experiences more rainfall during the summer.

Climate data for Bogra (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.1
(88.0) 		34.4
(93.9) 		40.6
(105.1) 		44.0
(111.2) 		41.1
(106.0) 		38.7
(101.7) 		35.0
(95.0) 		36.1
(97.0) 		36.7
(98.1) 		37.4
(99.3) 		34.4
(93.9) 		30.6
(87.1) 		42.2
(108.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 25.1
(77.2) 		28.3
(82.9) 		32.5
(90.5) 		33.8
(92.8) 		33.4
(92.1) 		32.5
(90.5) 		31.8
(89.2) 		32.1
(89.8) 		32.0
(89.6) 		31.8
(89.2) 		29.7
(85.5) 		26.5
(79.7) 		30.8
(87.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5) 		22.0
(71.6) 		26.3
(79.3) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.8
(83.8) 		29.0
(84.2) 		28.7
(83.7) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.5
(83.3) 		27.4
(81.3) 		24.0
(75.2) 		20.0
(68.0) 		25.9
(78.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13.1
(55.6) 		16.2
(61.2) 		20.8
(69.4) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.8
(76.6) 		26.2
(79.2) 		26.3
(79.3) 		26.4
(79.5) 		25.9
(78.6) 		23.9
(75.0) 		19.4
(66.9) 		14.8
(58.6) 		21.8
(71.2)
Record low °C (°F) 4.5
(40.1) 		6.7
(44.1) 		10.6
(51.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		14.4
(57.9) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.1
(70.0) 		21.7
(71.1) 		21.1
(70.0) 		17.2
(63.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		4.9
(40.8) 		4.5
(40.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7.5
(0.30) 		23.7
(0.93) 		61.7
(2.43) 		140.6
(5.54) 		278.4
(10.96) 		346.5
(13.64) 		375.5
(14.78) 		292.9
(11.53) 		340.0
(13.39) 		174.5
(6.87) 		31.1
(1.22) 		12.1
(0.48) 		2,084.5
(82.07)
Average rainy days 2 3 5 10 15 14 17 16 13 7 2 1 105
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		71 64 62 71 76 82 83 82 83 78 73 73 75
Mean monthly sunshine hours 220.3 225.3 256.3 237.8 220.9 142.2 131.5 140.6 152.7 228.6 236.3 242.6 2,435.1
Source: Bangladesh Meteorological Department[7][8][9]

Demographics

Religions in Bogra city (2011)[10]
Religion Percent
Islam
 
 93.31%
Hinduism
 
 6.50%
Other or not stated
 
 0.19%

According to the 2022 Bangladesh census, Bogra city had a population of 485,944.[1]: 388–394 

According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Bogra city had 81,251 households and a population of 350,397. 61,645 (17.59%) were under 10 years of age. Bogra had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 72.16%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 905 females per 1000 males.[10]

Economy

Since the 2009 adoption of new urban planning, there has been a significant development in the infrastructure of Bogra. This includes the restructuring and widening of roads, improvement of telecommunications infrastructure, and the installation of underground gas connections.

Additionally,

Square, Acme, and BD Food collecting red chili from twelve centers within Bogra.[11]

Often called the "Town of Banks", Bogra is the location of numerous online banking facilities, credit card, debit card, and remittance companies. Banking in Bogra has significantly expanded with the presence of government banks such as the

Pubali Bank, National Bank, IFIC bank Ltd., Citi Bank Ltd.
, and others.

Sherpur Road, Bogra

Bogra is also home to an increasing number of IT, software, technology, and computer services companies.

Groupe Danone entered into a joint venture with a local company to establish an organization named Grameen Danone.[13]

Bir Shreshtha Smruti Pillar

Statistically, Bogra's workforce is still dominated by jobs in the agriculture sector (29.95%) and agricultural manufacturing (12.53%). They are followed by general commerce (18.11%), customer service (15.62%), transportation (6.66%), wage labor (2.2%), and other industries (14.93%).[14]

Transportation

Bogra is also known as the gateway of North Bengal due to its communication capabilities. Bogra has several railway stations and bus terminals (Charmatha Bus Terminal, Thantahnia Bus Terminal, BRTC Bus Terminal, and Haddipotti Bus Terminal). It has one of the best inter-district communication. Usually, people come from 20 to 45  km to the city to do their day job. Only a handful of cities in Bangladesh have this type of communication infrastructure. People use both Train & Bus communication to visit the city every day. Bus & CNG is the most crucial communication method for most citizens.

Almost every school has bus services (except Bogra Zilla School & Bogra Victoria Manorial School), which helps the city to have fewer traffic jams than most other cities in rush hours. It has also the 2nd highest number of Rickshaws in the country. It also has the highest number of private cars in North Bengal (Approximately 65% of the whole North-Bengal region).

Bogra has always been the key transportation hub for Bangladesh & North Bengal. Before the '80s & 90's all Trucks & Buses in North Bengal needed to pass through Bogra to go to their desired destination. Thus Bogra has one of the biggest Motor-labor unions in the country.

Tourism

Near Bogra is

Pundranagara (or Paundravardhanapura), an ancient city in the territory of Pundravardhana.[15][16][17] This place is considered sacred to Buddhists, Muslims, and Hindus alike.[18]
Pilgrims and visitors tour the area all year round.

The Behular Bashor Ghor is a popular tourist attraction in the city and is close to other popular spots and monuments such as the Mahasthangar, Nawab Palace (called Neelkuthi during the British period), Kherua Mosque (Sherpur Upazila), Bara Mosque, Mazar of Shah Sultan Balkhi, Mazar of Panchpir, Gokul Medh, Palace of Parshuram, Basu Bihara, Palli Unnayan Academy, Saudia City Park, Bhimer Jangle, Museum of Nawab Bari Palace, Wonderland Shishupark (a children's park), Shanewaz Shishubagan, Woodburn Park, Dreshtinandan Park, Bijayangan (the War of Liberation museum), and the Jaina Temple.

Mahasthangarh, Bogra

Notable residents

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report (PDF). Vol. 1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023.
  2. ^ "Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts". Bdnews24.com. Dhaka. 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Population and Housing Census 2011 - Volume 3: Urban Area Report" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2014. pp. xi.
  4. ^ "Bogra bridge crack disrupts connection to northern Bangladesh". Bdnews24.com. 10 August 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  5. ^ জেলার পটভূমি [District Background]. bogra.gov.bd. Archived from the original on 5 December 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  6. ^ Chisholm 1911, p. 121.
  7. ^ "Climate of Bangladesh" (PDF). Bangladesh Meteorological Department. pp. 19–23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  8. ^ "Normal Monthly Rainy Day" (PDF). Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  9. ^ "Normal Monthly Humidity" (PDF). Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  10. ^ a b "Population & Housing Census 2011 (Zila Series & Community Series)". bbs.gov.bd. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
  11. ^ "Turnover goes up to Tk 100cr from Tk 5cr in just 5 years". The Daly Star. December 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
  12. ^ Bogua Database, retrieved 7 December 2009, Bogra.info
  13. ^ "French minister backs social business". The Daily Star. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
  14. ^ Chawdhury, Shagata (2012). "Bogra Sadar Upazila". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  15. ISBN 9844832454
  16. ^ Brochure: Mahasthan – the earliest city-site of Bangladesh, published by the Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2003
  17. OCLC 961157849
    . ... Punḍravardhana whose antiquity reaches back to the Maurya period. The dwindling Karatoyā still flows by the ruins of this ancient city at Mahāsthāngarh in the Bogra district
  18. ^ Khan, Ayub (2012). "Goku Medh". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  19. ^ a b c d Rahman, Md. Mahbur (5 August 2006). "From Bogra: A Successful Seat of knowledge". Star Insight.
  20. ^ Rahman, FM Mostafizur (2012). "Bashar, Air Vice Marshal M Khademul". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  21. ^ Ali, Syed Hamde (19 October 2009). "Mohammed Ali of Bogra". The Daily Star.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bogura.

24°51′N 89°22′E / 24.850°N 89.367°E / 24.850; 89.367

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