Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company

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Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company
standard gauge
Minimum radius?

The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) was a

public transit holding company formed in 1896 to acquire and consolidate railway lines in Brooklyn and Queens, New York City, United States. It was a prominent corporation and industry leader using the single-letter symbol B on the New York Stock Exchange
.

It operated both passenger and freight services on its rail rapid transit, elevated and subway network, making it unique among the three companies which built and operated subway lines in New York City. It became insolvent in 1919. It was restructured and released from bankruptcy as the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation in 1923.

Consolidation

The BRT was incorporated January 18, 1896,

Brooklyn City Rail Road. It then acquired the Brooklyn, Queens County and Suburban Railroad leased on July 1, 1898.[3]

The BRT took over the property of a number of surface railroads, the earliest of which, the Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Railroad or

Gravesend, New York. A short piece of surface route of this railroad, near Coney Island Creek, is the oldest existing piece of rapid transit
right-of-way in New York City, and in the U.S., having opened on June 8, 1864.

Initially the surface and elevated railroad lines ran on steam power. Between 1893 and 1900 the lines were converted to electricity operation. An exception was the service on the Brooklyn Bridge. Trains were operated by cables from 1883 to 1896, when they were converted to electric power[4]

BRT routes in 1897

By 1900, it had acquired virtually all of the

streetcar
operations in its target area:

Only the

Coney Island and Brooklyn Railroad and the short Van Brunt Street and Erie Basin Railroad remained independent; the former was acquired in 1913 or 1914.[11]

Expansion

BRT opened its first short subway segment, consisting only of an underground terminal at the foot of the

New York Consolidated Railroad
.

In 1913, the BRT, through another subsidiary, the

14th Street–Union Square on September 4, 1917.[18] The Broadway Line was completed in 1920.[19] The BRT's only crosstown Manhattan line, the Canarsie Line, opened in 1924.[20][21]

During the beginning of the BRT's existence, the LIRR was a competitor of the BRT for passengers in Brooklyn and Queens. Despite competing with nearby lines, the BRT and its predecessors also hosted LIRR passenger trains via track sharing agreements and interchanged freight with them. LIRR Passenger service to the BRT's Brooklyn Bridge terminal began after an agreement in 1895, utilizing BRT elevated lines. LIRR passenger service to downtown Manhattan via the BRT subway and Williamsburg Bridge began with the opening of the Chambers Street Station.[22] Both LIRR and BRT motorman were represented by the same union. Today, BRT successor MTA New York City Transit still receives freight deliveries from LIRR freight successor the New York & Atlantic Railroad in Sunset Park and at Linden Yard.

Demise and legacy

World War I and the attendant massive inflation associated with the war put New York transit operators in a tough position, since their contracts with the City required a five-cent fare be charged, while inflation made the real value of the fare less than three cents in constant currency value. On November 1, 1918, the Malbone Street wreck, the second worst rapid transit train wreck to occur in the United States, occurred on the BRT's Franklin Avenue/Brighton Beach line, killing at least 93 people.[23][24] This further destabilized the financially struggling company, and the BRT filed bankruptcy on December 31, 1918.[25] In 1923 the BRT was restructured and released from bankruptcy as the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT).

Some of the former elevated system of the BRT, dating to 1885, remains in use today. The largest section is the part of today's

Dual Contracts. One piece of structure – the elevated portion of the Franklin Avenue Shuttle
, built in 1896 and 1905 – was extensively rebuilt in 1999.

Several BRT-era equipment have been preserved. This includes nine BU cars and five AB Standard cars, all which were also operated by the BMT upon the company's creation in 1923.

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company.
  1. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . January 18, 1896. p. 1.
  2. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . February 9, 1896. p. 23.
  3. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . August 26, 1898. p. 7.
  4. ^ "Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1818 to 1900", nyc subways.com
  5. ^
    Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . November 14, 1897. p. 31.
  6. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . November 6, 1898. p. 30.
  7. ^
    Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . April 4, 1899. p. 1.
  8. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . March 19, 1899. p. 35.
  9. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . March 21, 1899. p. 1.
  10. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . April 16, 1899. p. 57.
  11. ^ a b 1914 Moody's Manual: Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  12. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . May 24, 1900. p. 1.
  13. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, NY
    . June 17, 1899. p. 1.
  14. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  15. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved August 1, 2019.
  16. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  17. ^ "Steinway Tunnel Tested By Shonts; After Inspection with Engineers He Says Tracks Are the Best He Has Ever Tried. Party Rides Through Tube Interborough's Chief and Other Officials Are Hoisted from a Subway Shaft in a Dirt Bucket" (PDF). The New York Times. June 16, 1915. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  18. ^ "Broadway Subway Opened To Coney By Special Train. Brooklynites Try New Manhattan Link From Canal St. to Union Square. Go Via Fourth Ave. Tube". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. September 4, 1917. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
  19. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved November 5, 2016.
  20. ^ "Subway Tunnel Through". The New York Times. August 8, 1919. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
  21. ^ "Celebrate Opening of Subway Link". The New York Times. July 1, 1924. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  22. ISBN 978-1-60702-864-2
    .
  23. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved November 3, 2019.
  24. ISSN 1941-0646. Retrieved September 26, 2017 – via Library of Congress Open access icon
    .
  25. ISBN 0-671-67756-X
    .
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