Charles Emmanuel III
Charles Emmanuel III | |
---|---|
Victor Amadeus III | |
Born | Turin, Savoy | 27 April 1701
Died | 20 February 1773 Turin, Savoy | (aged 71)
Burial | |
Spouses | Polyxena of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (m. 1724; died 1735) |
Issue Detail |
|
Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia | |
Mother | Anne Marie d'Orléans |
Religion | Catholic Church |
Signature |
Charles Emmanuel III (27 April 1701 – 20 February 1773) was
Biography
He was born in
At the time of his birth, when he was known as Duke of Aosta, Charles Emmanuel was not the heir to Savoy; his older brother Victor Amadeus, Prince of Piedmont, was the heir apparent. Charles Emmanuel was the second of three sons that would be born to his parents. His older brother died in 1715 and Charles Emmanuel then became heir apparent.
As a result of his aid in the War of the Spanish Succession, Victor Amadeus II was made
On 3 September 1730, Victor Amadeus who, in his later years had exhibited reticence and melancholy, abdicated the throne and retired from the royal court. His son became King Charles Emanuel III. He had not been a favourite of his father's, who had neglected his education except on the military field, where the son had sometimes accompanied the father.
After some time spent at his residence in
The War of Polish Succession
In the
The War of the Austrian Succession
Sure that in the end Mantua would be assigned to Spain, he voluntarily thwarted the expedition. The Franco-Piedmontese army was victorious in two battles at Crocetta and Guastalla. In the end, when Austria and France signed a peace, Charles was forced to leave Lombardy. In exchange, he was given some territories, including Langhe, Tortona and Novara.
War of the Austrian Succession
Charles Emmanuel sided with
The outcome was the
He declined to participate in the Seven Years' War (1756–63), preferring to concentrate on administrative reforms, maintaining a well-disciplined army and strengthening his fortresses. In an attempt to improve the poor condition of the newly acquired Sardinia, he also restored the Universities of Sassari and Cagliari.
Charles Emmanuel died in Turin in 1773. He was buried in the Basilica of Superga.[1]
Art collector
Charles Emmanuel's ancestors were avid art collectors. He added many new paintings to the collection he inherited from his ancestors. He also received paintings from the collection of
Marriages and issue
Charles Emmanuel married three times, but all of his three wives died young. There were plans for him to marry his cousin
- Princess Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg.[1]She died a few days after giving birth to a son:
- Prince Vittorio Amedeo Theodore of Savoy(1723–1725) died in infancy.
- Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort.[3]Polyxena bore him six children:
- Maria Antonietta of Spainand had issue.
- Princess Eleonora Maria Teresa of Savoy (1728–1781), unmarried.
- Princess Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy (1729-1767), a nun.
- Princess Maria Felicita of Savoy (1730–1801), unmarried.
- Prince Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, Duke of Aosta(1731–1735) died in infancy.
- Prince Carlo Francesco Romualdo of Savoy, Duke of Chablais (1733-1733) died in infancy.
- Princess Elisabeth Thérèse of Lorraine (1711–1741) daughter of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine and his wife Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, a niece of Louis XIV of France). Elisabeth Thérèse was a younger sister of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, the husband of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. The couple married in 1737, and Elisabeth Thérèse bore him three children:
- Prince Carlo Francesco of Savoy, Duke of Aosta (1738–1745) died in childhood.
- Princess Maria Vittoria Margherita of Savoy (1740–1742) died in infancy.
- Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia, no issue.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Charles Emmanuel III Anne Marie of Orléans | | ||||||||||||
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14. Charles I of England | |||||||||||||
7. Henrietta of England | |||||||||||||
15. Henrietta Maria of France | |||||||||||||
References
- ^ ISBN 2-901138-04-7.
- ^ [https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/444472 Carlo Emanuele di Savoia (III) at the Netherlands Institute for Art History (in Dutch)
- ISBN 2-901138-01-2
- ^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 24.
Bibliography
- Raggi, Giuseppina (2019). "The Lost Opportunity: Two Projects of Filippo Juvarra Concerning Royal Theaters and the Marriage Policy between the Courts of Turin and Lisbon (1719-1722)". Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography. 44 (1–2): 119–137. ISSN 1522-7464.