Chinese aristocrat cuisine
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Chinese aristocrat cuisine (
Confucian cuisine
The characteristics of Confucian cuisine includes a wide selection of ingredients, seasonal harvest available, emphasis on freshness and nutritious value, extravagant and lavish banquets in strict social stratification order, and artistic presentation of each dish of visual luxury.[1] The most luxurious banquet of Confucian cuisine consists of a hundred ninety-six dishes served in four hundred and four tableware, most of which made from silver.[1][2] The number one dish of Confucian cuisine is the edible bird's nest, for which Confucian cuisine is most famous.[3] The edible bird's nest is the dish highest rank of dish to honor guests.[3] Confucian cuisine are presented in several different classes banquets for different level of extravagance.[1][2]
Dongpo cuisine
Dongpo cuisine (Dong-po-cai, 东坡菜) was originally created by
The most frequently used cooking methods includes simmer, stew, and roast,[4][5] with the original flavor of the material retained.[6] Because Dongpo cuisine was created in his exile era, the food consisted of common materials, as opposed to the expensive and rare materials that are more commonly used in other styles of Chinese aristocrat cuisine.[4][5] Another characteristic of Dongpo cuisine is that the origin of most of the dishes can be traced back to the Su Shi's literary work.[4][6] The other important characteristic of Dongpo cuisine is that the heavy use of gravy and sauce.[6]
Li family’s cuisine
Li family's cuisine (Li-Jia-Cai, 厉家菜) is developed from
One of the most significant characteristics of Li family's cuisine is that all dishes are made from natural ingredients, without using any artificial or synthetic material/ingredients/chemical/colors.[8] In addition to not using any artificial or synthetic material/ingredients/chemical/colors, all food are cooked by traditional methods without using any modern cookware, instead, everything is cooked on traditional Chinese hearth.[9] Another characteristic of Li family's cuisine is that there is not any menu so customers cannot place any order. Instead, customers must eat whatever is available when the restaurant serves.[8] Only banquets are available, which includes fifteen appetizers, seven main courses and two sweets.[9]
Mei family’s cuisine
Mei family's cuisine (Mei-Jia-Cai, 梅家菜) is created by Mr. Wang Shou-Shan (王寿山), the personal chef of the most famous
There are approximately six hundred dishes available in Mei family's cuisine,[11] none of the dishes are flavored heavily, and each dish is not large in term of size.[11] Another important characteristic of Mei family's cuisine is that dishes are seasonal because ingredients used are harvested according to the season, and cooking methods used also vary according to seasonal change of weather.[11]
Red Chamber cuisine
Red Chamber cuisine (Hong-Lou-Cai, 红楼菜) is the cuisine described in Dream of the Red Chamber, with a total of more than 180 dishes.[12] Red Chamber cuisine is mainly developed from Huaiyang cuisine, supplemented by Nanjing cuisine.[13]
Restoration attempts of Red Chamber cuisine begun in the 1970s, and after nearly four decades of research, various places have succeeded, with the most cuisine served in banquets (Red Chamber banquet, or Hong-Lou-Yan, 红楼宴) by restaurants in Beijing, Yangzhou, Taiwan and Macau.[14] The complete banquet usually includes forty-eight dishes, with the simpler banquet of Macau only serving thirty-nine dishes.[15] The most famous Red Chamber cuisine is presented by Jin-Lai-Yu-Xuan (来今雨轩) restaurant in Zhongshan Park in Beijing, and a total of more than five dozen dishes are offered.[14] Mr. Sun Da-Li (孙大力), the head chef of Lai-Ji-Yu-Xuan was the first chef in Beijing to research and restore Red Chamber cuisine back in 1983, and most of the cooking methods he developed for the cuisine have since become the standard for Red Chamber cuisine.[14]
Suiyuan cuisine
Suiyuan cuisine (Sui-Yuan-Cai, 随园菜) was created by
Suiyuan cuisine is mostly developed from
Tan family’s cuisine
Tan family's cuisine is the most representative of Chinese aristocrat cuisine mainly based on and developed from Cantonese cuisine, and it is a fusion of Cantonese cuisine and regional cuisines of northern China, with more than 200 dishes available today.[22]
The most significant characteristic of Tan family's cuisine is its taste; the salinity and sweetness of the dishes is moderate, fitting the taste of both northern and southern Chinese.
Yunlin cuisine
Yunlin cuisine (Yun-Lin-Cai, 云林菜) was originally created by the famous 12th-century
Yunlin cuisine is developed from Wuxi cuisine and inherits its characteristic of sweet taste and heavy usage of oil and sauce. However, Yunlin cuisine emphasizes the other characteristic, which is freshness, and the cooking method frequently used includes steam, boil, braise, and fast boil in hot water.[23] To meet the demand of the modern people, such as health concerns such as diabetics, some of the restored dishes have been modified, such as the reduction of sweetness by using less sugar.[24] Another characteristic of Yunlin cuisine is the importance of the adding seasoning in a strict order to obtain the layered tastes.[24]
Zhili (Chinese) aristocrat cuisine
Zhili (Chinese) aristocrat cuisine (直隶官府菜) originated in Baoding in Ming dynasty, matured in Qing dynasty, with a history of approximately six-hundred years. The flavor of dishes of Zhili (Chinese) aristocrat cuisine is generally slightly salty.[25]
References
- ^ ISBN 9787810823708. Retrieved January 1, 2006.
- ^ a b c d "Origin of Confucian cuisine". Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
- ^ ISBN 9787501959280. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ a b c "Dongbo cuisine". Retrieved July 24, 2014.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b "Characteristics of Dongpo cuisine". Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Dongpo cuisine characteristics". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
- ^ "Li family's cuisine". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
- ^ a b c "Characteristics of Li family's cuisine". Retrieved January 22, 2001.
- ^ a b c d "Origin of Li family's cuisine". Retrieved December 22, 2016.
- ^ "Mei family's cuisine". Retrieved January 9, 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Origin of Mei family's cuisine". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
- ^ "Food culture of Red Chamber cuisine". Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved November 19, 2006.
- ^ "cuisine". Retrieved November 16, 2011.
- ^ a b c "Father of Red Chamber cuisine". Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
- ^ "Red Chamber banquet". Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ISBN 9780393332889
- ISBN 9780313308765
- ^ Waley-Cohen, Joanna (Winter 2007), "Celebrated Cooks of China's Past", Flavor and Fortune, 14 (4), Greenwood Publishing Group, archived from the original on 2015-04-02
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ignored (help) - ^ a b c "Suiyuan cuisine". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
- ^ a b c "Characteristics of Suiyuan cuisine". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2015.
- ^ a b "Suiyuan cuisine dishes". Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
- ^ a b c "Tan family's cuisine". Retrieved November 12, 2014.
- ^ a b "Yunlin cuisine". Archived from the original on 2016-12-23. Retrieved October 30, 2014.
- ^ a b "Yunlin cuisine characteristics". Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2014.
- ^ "Zhili (Chinese) aristocrat cuisine". Sohu. Retrieved April 14, 2017.