Culture of Houston

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Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
See also:
List of people raised in Houston

Mission Control Center is located. "Houston" was the first word spoken on the Moon.[2] Many locals refer to Houston as "Bayou City." Other nicknames include "H-Town", "Clutch City", and "Magnolia City".[3]

About 145 languages are regularly spoken in the Houston area.

Midtown and Vietnamese businesses located in the southwest Houston Chinatown.[citation needed
]

There are many popular events held in the city celebrating cultures of Houstonians. The largest is the annual

Houston Greek Festival
and Houston International Festival.

Anna Rohleder of Forbes said "Among Houston's wealthy denizens, social life centers on charity events and the arts."[5]

Arts and theatre

Alley Theatre

Houston's Theater District is ranked second in the country (behind New York City) in the number of theatre seats in a concentrated downtown area with 12,948 seats for live performances and 1,480 movie seats.[6] The Theater District is located in the heart of downtown and is home to nine of Houston's performing arts organizations and six performance halls. Houston is one of only five cities in the United States with permanent professional resident companies in all of the major performing arts disciplines: opera (Houston Grand Opera), ballet (Houston Ballet), music (Houston Symphony Orchestra), and theatre (Alley Theatre).[7] The city has visual and performing arts organizations, along with a dose of homegrown folk art such as Art Cars.[8] The city is a stop for touring companies from Broadway, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests, ranging from the nation's largest quilting show to auto, boat, home, and gun shows.

Houston's theatre scene is far larger than the Theatre District, with more than 30 professional, regional, and community theatre companies producing full seasons of theatrical productions. The most notable being the

Theatre Under the Stars, is Houston's premier musical theatre company, which performs in residence at The Hobby Center for the Performing Arts and produces an admission free musical every summer at Miller Outdoor Theatre. Other notable theaters include The Ensemble Theatre, which gives voice to the African-American community and Talento Bilingüe de Houston, which spotlights playwrights and actors who express the Latino experience in America. Other significant theatres include Main Street Theater, with its broad spectrum of classical and contemporary classics, the quirky Theatre Suburbia, which has developed a reputation in the Houston arts community for showcasing local playwrights emphasizing a peculiarly Texas perspective, Stages Repertory Theatre
, which focuses on bringing original works and regional premiers to Houston, Catastrophic Theatre Company, a "pay what you can company" that produces experimental theatre, Stark Naked Theatre, a theatre company founded by actors to empower their own work, and Mildred's Umbrella Theatre, which showcases plays featuring strong females.

Adjacent to the Texas Medical Center is the Museum District, which is home to most of the city's major museums: the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; the Contemporary Arts Museum Houston; the Cullen Sculpture Garden; the Houston Museum of Natural Science; the Holocaust Museum Houston; the Children's Museum of Houston; Lawndale Art Center; the Houston Zoo; the John P. McGovern Museum of Health & Medical Science; and The Menil Collection.

Tourism and recreation

Cockrell Butterfly Area, Houston Museum of Natural Science

Space Center Houston is the official visitors’ center of

Moon rocks and a Space Shuttle
simulator—in addition to special presentations that tell the story of NASA's crewed space flight program.

The Theater District, a 17-block area in the heart of downtown Houston, is home to Bayou Place Entertainment Complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. Bayou Place is a large multilevel building that is home to restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, theatres, and art house films. The Houston Verizon Wireless Theatre stages a variety of live concerts and the Angelika Theatre presents the latest in art, foreign, and independent films.

Houston is home to many parks including

Memorial Park. What was once the Houston Civic Center was replaced by the George R. Brown Convention Center, one of the nation's largest; and the Jesse H. Jones Hall for the Performing Arts, home of the Houston Symphony Orchestra
. The Sam Houston Coliseum and Music Hall have been replaced by the Hobby Center for the Performing Arts.

Other

Tranquility Park; and Sam Houston Historical Park, which contains restored homes (built between 1823 and 1905) and reconstructed buildings. The San Jacinto Battlefield is in the nearby city of Deer Park
.

Sports

Main article: Sports in Houston
See also:
Former professional sports teams in Houston
Minute Maid Park

Houston is home to professional franchises for four major team sports: the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB), the Houston Rockets in the National Basketball Association (NBA), the Houston Texans in the National Football League (NFL), and Houston Dynamo FC in Major League Soccer (MLS). Houston is also host to the Houston Dash of the National Women's Soccer League. Additionally, several of Houston's universities participate in collegiate sports.

The Houston Astros currently compete in the West Division of the MLB's American League. The Astros were established in 1962 as the Houston Colt .45s and entered the National League as an expansion team. The current name was adopted three years later, when the team moved into the Astrodome, nicknamed by fans as the "Eighth Wonder of the World". In 2000, the Astros moved into Minute Maid Park, where they have played ever since.[10] In 2005 the Astros made their first World Series appearance, where they were swept in four games by the Chicago White Sox. In 2011, businessman Jim Crane purchased the team and moved the Astros to the American League, where they first competed in 2013.[11] Since the mid 2010s, the Astros have become one of the MLB's most successful clubs, winning over 100 games in four seasons, appearing in six consecutive American League Champion Series, and winning four American League Penants. The Astros won their first World Series in 2017 against the Los Angeles Dodgers. They appeared in the 2019 World Series against the Washington Nationals and in 2021 against the Atlanta Braves. In 2022, the Astros beat the Philadelphia Phillies to claim their second World Series title. The Astros are the only team to win a postseason series in six straight seasons.

The Houston Texans currently play in the NFL's American Football Conference (AFC) Southern division. They currently play home games at NRG Stadium The Texans were founded in 1999 and first played in 2002 as an expansion team. Houston previously hosted an NFL franchise, the Houston Oilers, from 1960 to 1969 until they moved to Nashville and became the Tennessee Titans. The Texans are the youngest franchise currently competing in the NFL.[12] The Texans won first division championship in 2011, and won the AFC South Division Championship in 2012, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019. They are one of four franchises that have never appeared in a Super Bowl.[13]

The Houston Rockets are a member of the NBA's Western Conference Southern Division, playing home games at the Toyota Center. Established in 1967 as the San Diego Rockets, the team relocated to Houston in 1971. The Rockets have won two NBA championships: one in 1994 against the New York Knicks, and again in 1995 against the Orlando Magic. They have also won four Western Conference titles. The Houston Comets of the Women's National Basketball League were active from 1997 until their dissolution in 2008. The team was considered the league's first dynasty,[14] winning the most championships of any WNBA franchise along with the Minnesota Lynx. Several of the team's members, such as Cynthia Cooper, Sheryl Swoopes and Tina Thompson are considered among the greatest WNBA players of all time.[15] The team was disbanded by the league during the Great Recession after new ownership could not be found.[16]

Professional soccer came to Houston in 2005 with the establishment of Houston Dynamo FC, which competes in the Western Conference of the MLS. Previously, the club competed as the San Jose Earthquakes before moving to Houston. The club currently plays at PNC Stadium in East Downtown Houston. In 2013, the Dynamo announced that the club had secured an expansion franchise with the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). [17] The team, named the Houston Dash, began competing in the NWSL's 2014 season.

Houston was previously home to two

Gila River Arena, though representatives for the NHL denied the claims.[22]

Houston hosted

Shell Houston Open.[citation needed] The city hosts the NCAA College Baseball Minute Maid Classic every February. Houston formerly hosted the NCAA football's Houston Bowl in December, but now hosts the Texas Bowl
in January.

In early 2006, the

Reliant Park
complex. The city had previously been home to a Champ Car round from 1998 to 2001.

World Wrestling Entertainment's WrestleMania X-Seven on April 1, 2001.[23]

Media

See also: List of films set in Houston
Further information: List of newspapers in Houston, List of television stations in Texas § Houston, and List of radio stations in Texas § Houston
The current Houston Chronicle headquarters, formerly the Houston Post headquarters
Midtown Houston

Greater Houston metropolitan area is served by a public television station and one public radio station. KUHT (HoustonPBS) is a PBS member station and the first public television station in the United States. Houston Public Radio is listener-supported radio with one NPR member station, KUHF (KUHF News). The University of Houston System owns and holds broadcasting licenses to KUHT and KUHF. The stations broadcast from the Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting, located on the campus of the University of Houston.

Houston is served by the

alternative weekly until 2017, when it moved to an online-only format [25]

KTRK's Marvin Zindler became a recognized television journalist throughout the United States in the 1970s. His week-long exposé on the Chicken Ranch brothel became the basis for the Broadway musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, and his consumer and health reports on local restaurants, usually focusing on the presences of cockroaches and rats,[26] have made the phrase "slime in the ice machine" immediately recognizable to any local.[27]

KHOU-TV's investigative team, "The 11 News Defenders", began an investigation into the failure of Firestone Wilderness AT tires on several vehicles (including the Ford Explorer). These reports garnered the station and the team of Anna Werner, investigative producer David Raziq, and investigative photojournalist/editor Chris Henao several national awards, including the Edward R. Murrow, George Foster Peabody, and Columbia University DuPont Award.[citation needed] Among the journalists who have worked for KHOU, the best known are former CBS Evening News anchor Dan Rather, Linda Ellerbee, and Jessica Savitch
.

KXLN Houston's Spanish language Univision and its "En Su Defensa" (in your defense) segments have garnered regional acclaim,[citation needed] and "En Su Defensa" month was proclaimed by Mayor Bill White in 2004. Led by Investigative reporter Patricio Espinoza, the segment generated strong community following and historic ratings along with several Emmy awards through 2005.[citation needed]

Car culture

See also: Houston Metro and METRORail

Automobiles of all kinds have had enormous influence on Houston culture, largely a result of the urban sprawl and sparse public transportation that has followed the dismantling of the city's former trolley system. Many of the Houston's

streetcar suburbs, including the Heights and Sharpstown
.

Car culture is often celebrated by residents, especially during the annual

Houston hip-hop musicians.[28]

Although Houston is considered a

Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County operates bus, light rail, bus rapid transit, HOV and HOT lanes, and paratransit services in the city and Harris County at large. METRORail, Houston's light rail system opened in 2004,[31] and today operates three lines across 22.7-miles (36.5 km) of tracks throughout the city. [32][33]

Speech patterns

As of 2018[update], in English, the

prepositions up, down, out, and over are used, by residents of Houston, to refer to traveling to points, within about a 100 miles (160 km) radius: north (Conroe), south (Galveston), west (Katy), and east (Baytown and Beaumont). The modifier "way" as in "way out" may be used for more distant points such as Brookshire and Crosby.[34]

Author James W. Corder wrote in Yonder: Life on the Far Side of Change that he adhered to the said prepositions no matter how far away a place was. John Nova Lomax of

Rio Grande Valley).[34]

Music

Houston has a lively music scene and while it can claim no broad genre as its own, it has been fertile ground for the development of niche styles in American blues and Latin music --- a tradition that continues today with a uniquely distinctive regional style emerging in Houston's rap music community.

Classical

Houston's reputation as a mature center for classical music is the product of more than a century of dedication and community support. The

River Oaks Chamber Orchestra, as well as outstanding academic orchestras at the Rice University Shepherd School of Music and the University of Houston Moores School of Music
(home to the 800-seat Moores Opera House).

A full season of operas is performed in the downtown Theatre District by Houston Grand Opera,[35] while a smaller community-based opera company (Opera in the Heights) performs in Lambert Hall. Operas are also performed each spring and fall at both the Shepherd School of Music and the Moores School of Music. Houston Grand Opera performs at least one free show each summer at the Miller Outdoor Theatre.

For classical choral music, Houston has several active groups, including Cantare Houston, the Houston Boychoir, Houston Ebony Music Society (also known as the Houston Ebony Opera Guild)

Grammy Award-winning Houston Chamber Choir.[37] The city is also home to one of the finest collegiate choral ensembles in the country, the UH Moores School of Music Concert Chorale.[38]

Pop

As long as there's been popular music in America, there have been musicians who grew and developed in Houston contributing their own brand to the American cultural milieu. Pop icons from Houston include Hilary Duff, R&B singers Solange and Beyoncé, rockers ZZ Top, country legend Kenny Rogers, blues master Lightnin' Hopkins, tejano superstar Selena and the folksy country songwriter Lyle Lovett, among hundreds of others.

Blues

Blues music developed throughout the Southern United States where several areas developed distinctive regional sounds. Houston's distinctive sound grew in the 1920 with early influencers like Lightnin' Hopkins and T-Bone Walker.[39] The sound matured over the next 50 years, during which it became known as Texas blues. The style would gain international notoriety in the modern era when it was adopted by popular regional rockers Stevie Ray Vaughan and ZZ Top, among others.[39][40][41]

Tejano

Tejano is perhaps the most misunderstood of popular Houston musical styles because it is often classified as a style of Latin music, although the word "tejano" means Texan, reflecting the genre's roots in southern and central Texas during the 19th century. Modern Tejano music is usually a fusion style, combining the common historical elements of conjunto styles based around the accordion and bajo sexto with popular American styles --- most often country, R&B or rock. Within tejano music, Houston forged a distinctively modern sound that began with pop and rock fusions using electronic keyboards and synthesizers. The style was popularized in the 1980s and 1990s by the Grammy-award-winning Houston tejano band La Mafia, but which was thrust into a national and international spotlight by young female performer Selena. Selena's younger brother, A.B. Quintanilla, through his band Kumbia Kings would further push the Houston style of tejano even further by fusing it with hip-hop to create songs that appealed to a younger, more urban audience.[42][43]

Hip-hop

See also: List of Houston rappers

Ben Westhoff, author of Dirty South: Outkast, Lil Wayne, Soulja Boy, and the Southern Rappers who Reinvented Hip-Hop, said that Houston is geographically isolated from other cities that have rap music traditions, so Houston

rap music
has its own slang and sound which does not "translate" in other regions. Many DJs like to severely slow down music and repeat lines several times, a style known as "chopped and screwed". The originator of "Chopped and Screwed" style music was the late Dj Screw. Screw began making this type of music while under the influence of promethazine with codeine cough syrup, the drinking of which is now heavily popularized in hip-hop culture. Westhoff says that the style, which slurs the speeches of the rappers, gives the music an "extraterrestrial quality."[44] Bounce music also became popular in Houston in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[45]

Country music

Houston has a country music scene.[46]

Zydeco

Sabine River from southwest Louisiana in the mid-20th century.[47]

Literature

The Ladies Reading Group of Houston was a significant founder of the public library system in Houston. Elizabeth Long, the author of the 2003 book Book Clubs: Women and the Uses of Reading in Everyday Life, wrote that Houston's "literary scene" contributes and draws upon the overall literary culture of Texas.[48] The University of Houston creative writing program opened in 1979. Long wrote that this program "has achieved a national reputation" in subsequent decades.[48] In 1985 the Ladies Reading Club had a 100th anniversary celebration.[48]

The City of Houston designated its first Poet Laureate in April 2013, naming Gwendolyn Zepeda to the post.[49] In April 2015, Dr. Robin Davidson became Houston's second Poet Laureate.[49] In April 2017, Deborah Mouton became Houston's third Poet Laureate.[50] In April 2019, Leslie Contreras Schwartz became Houston's fourth Poet Laureate.[51]

In 2016, Dr. Robin Davidson announced that the office of the Poet Laureate was accepting submissions for an anthology of Houstonian's favorite poems.

U.S. Poet Laureate Robert Pinsky
.

Cuisine

Main article: Cuisine of Houston
See also: Tex-Mex cuisine in Houston
Ninfa's, a new style Tex-Mex restaurant

By 2005

Tex-Mex cuisine, Cajun cuisine and Louisiana Creole cuisine are very popular in Houston. Many Mexican cuisine restaurants in Houston have aspects that originate from Texas culture.[54]

As of 2014[update] the Houston area has relatively fewer national

Carrabbas, and the Mandola's restaurants.[55]

Corporate involvement in culture

Members of the oil and gas industry are representatives of most of the boards of Houston's arts bodies, charities, and museums. The energy companies spent funds in order to make Houston a more attractive community for their employees to live in.[56]

Religion

Main article: Religion in Houston

Houston includes Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, Zoroastrian, and other religious groups.

LGBT

Main article: LGBT culture in Houston

Houston has one of the largest and most diverse gay communities in the nation.

Recreation

The city has various YMCAs under the YMCA of Greater Houston.[57]

Additionally there is a YWCA, the Gateway Branch.[58] The YWCA opened the Masterson YWCA in 1981. It had 50,000 square feet (4,600 m2) of space.[59] Located near the Houston Heights, it was named after a donor, Carroll Masterson, and designed by Taft & Associates. By 2001 the Houston Chronicle reported that the building was in massive disrepair.[60] It closed circa 2005 and in 2006 the YWCA sold the facility to the YMCA for $6.8 million.[59]

See also

Books about the culture of Houston:

References

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  4. ^ Houston Facts. City of Houston
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  26. ^ Blumenthal, Ralph (2007-08-02). "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in 'Whorehouse in Texas' Case, Is Dead". The New York Times. Retrieved 2019-05-12.
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  28. ^ a b Slabs are hip-hop on wheels, Houston Chronicle, January 7, 2013
  29. ^ "Understanding Houston". www.understandinghouston.org. Retrieved 2023-01-05.
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  33. ^ "METRORail | Red Line | Green Line | Purple Line | Houston, Texas". Ride Metro. Retrieved 2023-01-05.
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  36. ^ Houston Ebony Music Society
  37. ^ Eatock, Colin (September 17, 2015). "Houston Chamber Choir Celebrates 20 Years". Houston Chronicle
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  57. ^ https://ymcahouston.org/
  58. ^ "Contact". YWCA Houston. Retrieved 2021-04-25. YWCA Houston 6309 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. • Houston, TX 77021
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  60. ^ Vaughn, Carol E. (2001-04-18). "YWCA facility faces deterioration". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2021-04-25.

Further reading

External links
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