Greater Houston
Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land | ||
---|---|---|
CSA
| ||
Country | United States | |
State | Texas | |
Principal cities[1] | ||
Area | ||
• Urban | 4,299.4 km2 (1,660.0 sq mi) | |
• Metro | 26,061 km2 (10,062 sq mi) | |
Highest elevation | 131 m (430 ft) | |
Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) | |
Population (2020) CDT) | ||
Area codes | 361, 409, 713/281/832/832, 936, 979 |
Greater Houston, designated by the
The approximately 10,000-square-mile (26,000 km2) region centers on
Greater Houston has historically been among the fastest-growing metropolitan areas in the United States; it was the fastest-growing in absolute terms during the 2013–2014 census year, adding 156,371 people.[13] The area grew 25.2% between 1990 and 2000—adding more than 950,000 people—while the country's population increased only 13.2% over the same period, and from 2000 to 2007 alone, the area added over 910,000 people.[14] The Greater Houston Partnership projected the metropolitan area would add between 4.1 and 8.3 million new residents between 2010 and 2050.[15]
Greater Houston has the seventh-highest metropolitan-area gross domestic product in the United States, valued at $490 billion in 2017.[16] A major trade center anchored by the Port of Houston, Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land has the highest trade export value of all metropolitan areas, at over $120 billion in 2018, accounting for 42% of the total exports of Texas.[17] As of 2021, Greater Houston is home to the headquarters of 24 Fortune 500 companies, ranking third among all metropolitan statistical areas.[18] The Greater Houston metropolitan area was ranked the fourth-most diverse metropolitan area in the United States in 2012.[19]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area has a total area of 10,062 square miles (26,060 km2), of which 8,929 sq mi (23,130 km2) are land and 1,133 sq mi (2,930 km2) are covered by water. The region is slightly smaller than the U.S. state of Massachusetts and slightly larger than New Jersey.[20] The U.S. Office of Management and Budget combines the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolis with four micropolitan statistical areas (Bay City, Brenham, El Campo, and Huntsville) to form the Houston–The Woodlands, TX combined statistical area.
The metropolitan area is located in the Gulf Coastal Plains
Geology
Underpinning Greater Houston's land surface are unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly cemented sands up to several miles deep. The region's geology developed from stream deposits formed from the erosion of the Rocky Mountains. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic matter that, over time, transformed into oil and natural gas. Beneath these tiers is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. The porous layers were compressed over time and forced upward. As it pushed upward, the salt dragged surrounding sediments into dome shapes, often trapping oil and gas that seeped from the surrounding porous sands. This thick, rich soil also provides a good environment for rice farming in suburban outskirts into which the city of Houston continues to grow near Katy. Evidence of past rice farming is even still evident in developed areas as an abundance of rich, dark, loamy topsoil exists.[23]
The Greater Houston region is generally earthquake-free. While the city of Houston contains over 150 to 300 active surface
the clay below the surface precludes the buildup of friction that produces ground-shaking in earthquakes. These faults generally move at a smooth rate in what is termed "fault creep".Climate
Greater Houston has a humid subtropical climate typical of the Southern United States. It is rainy most of the year. Prevailing winds come from the south and southeast during most of the year, which bring heat and moisture from the nearby Gulf of Mexico and Galveston Bay area.[27]
List of hurricanes
A number of
- 1900 Galveston Hurricane, which devastated Galveston and was the deadliest natural disaster in United States history, killing between 8,000 and 12,000.
- Hurricane Carla (1961), which was the most recent Category 4 hurricane to strike Texas until Harvey in 2017.
- Hurricane Alicia (1983), which struck the area as a Category 3, and was at the time, the costliest Atlantic hurricane.
- Tropical Storm Allison (2001), until Harvey, which brought the worst flooding in Houston history and was the first tropical storm to be retired.
- Hurricane Rita (2005), which triggered one of the largest evacuations in United States history in the wake of Hurricane Katrina.
- Hurricane Ike (2008), which brought devastating storm surge to the coast and wind damage into the city.
- Hurricane Harvey (2017), which brought devastating flooding that resulted in excess of $100 billion in damages to Southeast Texas.
- Tropical Storm Imelda (2019) caused widespread flooding around Houston and surrounding areas.
- Hurricane Nicholas (2021), did moderate damage, and brought wind and rain to the area.
Climate data for Houston (Intercontinental Airport), 1991–2020 normals,[a] extremes 1888–present[b] | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 85 (29) |
91 (33) |
96 (36) |
95 (35) |
99 (37) |
107 (42) |
105 (41) |
109 (43) |
109 (43) |
99 (37) |
89 (32) |
85 (29) |
109 (43) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 78.9 (26.1) |
81.2 (27.3) |
85.4 (29.7) |
88.6 (31.4) |
93.8 (34.3) |
97.8 (36.6) |
99.1 (37.3) |
101.2 (38.4) |
97.3 (36.3) |
92.2 (33.4) |
84.9 (29.4) |
80.7 (27.1) |
102.1 (38.9) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 63.8 (17.7) |
67.8 (19.9) |
74.0 (23.3) |
80.1 (26.7) |
86.9 (30.5) |
92.3 (33.5) |
94.5 (34.7) |
94.9 (34.9) |
90.4 (32.4) |
82.8 (28.2) |
72.6 (22.6) |
65.3 (18.5) |
80.5 (26.9) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 53.8 (12.1) |
57.7 (14.3) |
63.8 (17.7) |
70.0 (21.1) |
77.4 (25.2) |
83.0 (28.3) |
85.1 (29.5) |
85.2 (29.6) |
80.5 (26.9) |
71.8 (22.1) |
62.0 (16.7) |
55.4 (13.0) |
70.5 (21.4) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 43.7 (6.5) |
47.6 (8.7) |
53.6 (12.0) |
59.8 (15.4) |
67.8 (19.9) |
73.7 (23.2) |
75.7 (24.3) |
75.4 (24.1) |
70.6 (21.4) |
60.9 (16.1) |
51.5 (10.8) |
45.6 (7.6) |
60.5 (15.8) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 27.5 (−2.5) |
31.6 (−0.2) |
35.0 (1.7) |
43.4 (6.3) |
53.8 (12.1) |
66.5 (19.2) |
70.5 (21.4) |
70.0 (21.1) |
58.3 (14.6) |
44.1 (6.7) |
34.2 (1.2) |
30.0 (−1.1) |
26.0 (−3.3) |
Record low °F (°C) | 5 (−15) |
6 (−14) |
21 (−6) |
31 (−1) |
42 (6) |
52 (11) |
62 (17) |
54 (12) |
45 (7) |
29 (−2) |
19 (−7) |
7 (−14) |
5 (−15) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.76 (96) |
2.97 (75) |
3.47 (88) |
3.95 (100) |
5.01 (127) |
6.00 (152) |
3.77 (96) |
4.84 (123) |
4.71 (120) |
5.46 (139) |
3.87 (98) |
4.03 (102) |
51.84 (1,317) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.1 (0.25) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.0 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 7.3 | 8.6 | 10.0 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 9.6 | 104.4 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
74.7 | 73.4 | 72.7 | 73.1 | 75.0 | 74.6 | 74.4 | 75.1 | 76.8 | 75.4 | 76.0 | 75.5 | 74.7 |
Average dew point °F (°C) | 41.5 (5.3) |
44.2 (6.8) |
51.3 (10.7) |
57.7 (14.3) |
65.1 (18.4) |
70.3 (21.3) |
72.1 (22.3) |
72.0 (22.2) |
68.5 (20.3) |
59.5 (15.3) |
51.4 (10.8) |
44.8 (7.1) |
58.2 (14.6) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 143.4 | 155.0 | 192.5 | 209.8 | 249.2 | 281.3 | 293.9 | 270.5 | 236.5 | 228.8 | 168.3 | 148.7 | 2,577.9 |
Percent possible sunshine | 44 | 50 | 52 | 54 | 59 | 67 | 68 | 66 | 64 | 64 | 53 | 47 | 58 |
Average ultraviolet index | 3.5 | 5.0 | 7.1 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 7.0 |
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity and dew point 1969–1990, sun 1961–1990)[29][30][31] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: UV Index Today (1995 to 2022)[32] |
Climate data for Houston (William P. Hobby Airport), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1941–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 85 (29) |
87 (31) |
96 (36) |
94 (34) |
100 (38) |
105 (41) |
104 (40) |
106 (41) |
108 (42) |
96 (36) |
90 (32) |
84 (29) |
108 (42) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 63.0 (17.2) |
66.0 (18.9) |
72.4 (22.4) |
78.8 (26.0) |
85.4 (29.7) |
90.1 (32.3) |
92.1 (33.4) |
92.6 (33.7) |
88.4 (31.3) |
81.2 (27.3) |
72.4 (22.4) |
64.5 (18.1) |
78.9 (26.1) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 45.1 (7.3) |
48.5 (9.2) |
54.3 (12.4) |
60.9 (16.1) |
68.7 (20.4) |
73.9 (23.3) |
75.5 (24.2) |
75.7 (24.3) |
71.7 (22.1) |
63.1 (17.3) |
53.9 (12.2) |
46.7 (8.2) |
61.5 (16.4) |
Record low °F (°C) | 10 (−12) |
14 (−10) |
22 (−6) |
36 (2) |
44 (7) |
56 (13) |
64 (18) |
66 (19) |
50 (10) |
33 (1) |
25 (−4) |
9 (−13) |
9 (−13) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.87 (98) |
3.21 (82) |
3.20 (81) |
3.25 (83) |
4.75 (121) |
7.10 (180) |
4.66 (118) |
5.06 (129) |
5.21 (132) |
5.99 (152) |
4.32 (110) |
4.03 (102) |
54.65 (1,388) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 9.2 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 9.1 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 103.7 |
Source: NOAA[29] |
Metropolitan communities
Counties
As defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, the metropolitan area of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land encompasses nine counties in Southeast Texas. They are listed below:
Communities
Eight principal communities are designated within the Greater Houston metropolitan area. The Woodlands is a census-designated place; the rest are cities. They are listed below:
- Houston (2,325,502)[33]
- The Woodlands (116,278)[34]
- Sugar Land (118,600)[33]
- Pasadena (154,193)[33]
- Baytown (77,024)[33]
- Conroe (98,081)[33]
- Galveston (50,457)[33]
- Texas City (55,667)
Other communities:
- Pearland (122,149)[33]
- League City (106,244)[33]
- Spring (CDP) (62,569)
- Missouri City (76,500)
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 63,786 | — | |
1910 | 115,693 | 81.4% | |
1920 | 186,667 | 61.3% | |
1930 | 359,328 | 92.5% | |
1940 | 528,961 | 47.2% | |
1950 | 806,701 | 52.5% | |
1960 | 1,243,158 | 54.1% | |
1970 | 1,985,031 | 59.7% | |
1980 | 2,905,353 | 46.4% | |
1990 | 3,301,937 | 13.7% | |
2000 | 4,177,646 | 26.5% | |
2010 | 5,920,416 | 41.7% | |
2020 | 7,122,240 | 20.3% | |
2023 (est.) | 7,510,253 | 5.4% | |
U.S. Decennial Census 2011 estimate |
County | 2020 census | 2010 census | Change | Area | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austin County | 30,167 | 28,417 | +6.16% | 646.51 sq mi (1,674.5 km2) | 47/sq mi (18/km2) |
Brazoria County | 372,031 | 313,166 | +18.80% | 1,357.70 sq mi (3,516.4 km2) | 274/sq mi (106/km2) |
Chambers County | 46,571 | 35,096 | +32.70% | 597.14 sq mi (1,546.6 km2) | 78/sq mi (30/km2) |
Fort Bend County | 822,779 | 585,375 | +40.56% | 861.48 sq mi (2,231.2 km2) | 955/sq mi (369/km2) |
Galveston County | 350,682 | 291,309 | +20.38% | 378.36 sq mi (979.9 km2) | 927/sq mi (358/km2) |
Harris County | 4,731,145 | 4,092,459 | +15.61% | 1,703.48 sq mi (4,412.0 km2) | 2,777/sq mi (1,072/km2) |
Liberty County | 91,628 | 75,643 | +21.13% | 1,158.42 sq mi (3,000.3 km2) | 79/sq mi (31/km2) |
Montgomery County | 620,443 | 455,746 | +36.14% | 1,041.73 sq mi (2,698.1 km2) | 596/sq mi (230/km2) |
Waller County | 56,794 | 43,205 | +31.45% | 513.43 sq mi (1,329.8 km2) | 111/sq mi (43/km2) |
Total | 7,122,240 | 5,920,416 | +20.30% | 8,258.25 sq mi (21,388.8 km2) | 862/sq mi (333/km2) |
Numerically, Greater Houston is the second fastest growing metropolitan area in the U.S.[35] There were a total of 7,122,240 residents within the Greater Houston metropolitan area as of 2020, according to the United States Census Bureau.[36][37] In 2010, Greater Houston had 5,920,416 residents and in 2000, it had a population of 4,177,646. Another 2010 estimate determined the population increased to 5,920,487.[38] Of the population an estimated 575,000 were undocumented immigrants according to 2014 estimates.[39]
In 2020, Greater Houston's racial makeup was 41%
According to the 2019 American Community Survey, the median household income was $69,193 and the per capita income was $35,190. Roughly 13% of the metropolis lived at or below the poverty line.[37] As of 2011, Greater Houston has four of Texas's 10 wealthiest communities, which include the wealthiest community, Hunters Creek Village, the fourth-wealthiest community, Bunker Hill Village, the fifth-wealthiest community, West University Place, and the sixth-wealthiest community, Piney Point Village.[41]
Greater Houston's religious community is predominantly Christian and the second-largest metropolitan area that identifies with the religion in Texas after Dallas–Fort Worth (73%).[42][43] In 2012, the city of Houston proper ranked the ninth most religious city in the U.S.[44]
Within the Greater Houston metropolitan area, the Catholic Church is the largest single Christian denomination as of a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center.[42] Catholics in Houston are primarily served by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston. Following, the body of Evangelical Protestantism was the second largest according to this study; Baptists dominated the Evangelical Protestant demographic. Mainline Protestantism, led by Methodists, was the third largest Christian group.
In a separate study by the
Altogether, however, Baptists of the Southern Baptist Convention, the American Baptist Association, American Baptist Churches USA, Full Gospel Baptist Church Fellowship, National Baptist Convention USA and National Baptist Convention of America, and the National Missionary Baptist Convention numbered 926,554. Non-denominational Protestants, the Disciples of Christ, Christian Churches and Churches of Christ, and the Churches of Christ numbered 723,603 altogether according to the 2020 study.
Within the
According to the Pew Research Center's 2014 study, non-Christian religions collectively made up 7% of the religious metropolitan population. The largest non-Christian religion was
Economy
Among the 10 most populous
The Houston–The Woodlands-Sugar Land area's gross metropolitan product (GMP) in 2005 was $308.7 billion, up 5.4% from 2004 in constant dollars—slightly larger than Austria's gross domestic product. By 2012, the GMP had risen to $449 billion, the fourth-largest of any metropolitan area in the United States.[48] Only 26 countries other than the United States had a GDP exceeding Greater Houston's GAP.[49] Mining, which in the area is almost entirely oil and gas exploration and production, accounted for 11% of Greater Houston's GAP—down from 21% as recently as 1985. The reduced role of oil and gas in Houston's GAP reflects the rapid growth of other sectors—such as engineering services, health services, retail, and manufacturing.[50][51]
The area's economic activity is centered in the city of Houston, the county seat of Harris County. Houston is second to New York City in Fortune 500 headquarters. The city has attempted to build a banking industry, but the companies originally started in Houston have since merged with other companies nationwide. Banking, however, is still vital to the metropolitan region.[52]
Galveston Bay and the Buffalo Bayou together form one of the most important shipping hubs in the world. The
Much of the metro area's success as a petrochemical complex is enabled by its busy man-made
Houston is home to the Texas Medical Center—the largest medical center in the world.[59] Galveston is home to one of only two national biocontainment laboratories in the United States.[60]
The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston-area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit, and 24,000 local jobs generated.[61][62] This is in addition to the 12,500 new graduates the UH System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout Texas. These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston; after five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region.[62]
Sugar Land is home to the second-largest economic activities and fifth-largest city in the metropolitan area. It has the most important economic center in Fort Bend County. The city holds the Imperial Sugar (its namesake), Nalco Champion, and Western Airways headquarters. Engineering firms and other related industries have managed to take the place as an economic engine.[citation needed]
Sports
Major professional teams
Club | Sport | Founded | League | Venue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Houston Astros |
Baseball | 1962 | MLB | Minute Maid Park |
Houston Rockets |
Basketball | 1967 | NBA | Toyota Center
|
Houston Texans |
Football
|
2002 | NFL | NRG Stadium |
Houston Dynamo
|
Men's soccer | 2005 | MLS | BBVA Compass Stadium
|
Houston Dash |
Women's soccer | 2014 | NWSL | BBVA Compass Stadium
|
Houston SaberCats | Rugby Union | 2018 | MLR | Aveva Stadium
|
Minor league and semipro teams
Club | Sport | Founded | League | Venue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Houston Energy | Football | 2001 | WPFL | The Rig |
Houston Roughnecks | Football | 2018 | XFL
|
TDECU Stadium |
Houston Red Storm
|
Basketball | 2006 | ABA | John H. Reagan HS
|
Sugar Land Space Cowboys | Baseball | 2022 | Pacific Coast League | Constellation Field |
Houston Dutch Lions
|
Soccer | 2011 | PDL
|
HDLFC Soccer Complex |
Houston Aces | Women's soccer | 2012 | UWS | Carl Lewis Stadium |
Houston Hotshots | Indoor soccer | 2015 | PASL | TBD
|
Houston Havoc | Ultimate | 2023 | AUDL
|
Aveva Stadium
|
College sports (Division I)
Greater Houston is home to five
School | Founded | Nickname | Conference |
---|---|---|---|
Prairie View A&M University |
1876 | Prairie View A&M Panthers
|
Southwestern Athletic Conference |
Rice University |
1912 | Rice Owls | Conference USA |
Texas Southern University |
1927 | Texas Southern Tigers | Southwestern Athletic Conference |
University of Houston |
1927 | Houston Cougars | Big 12 Conference |
Houston Christian University |
1960 | Houston Christian Huskies | Southland Conference |
Events
Houston is or has been home to various nationally known sporting events. The most notable is the
Higher education
Five separate and distinct state universities are located within the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The University of Houston is a nationally recognized Tier One research university, and is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System.[65][66][67] The third-largest university in Texas, the University of Houston has nearly 43,000 students on its 667-acre campus in southeast Houston.[68] The University of Houston–Clear Lake and the University of Houston–Downtown are standalone universities; they are not branch campuses of the University of Houston. The metropolitan area is home to the two largest historically black institutions in the state: Texas Southern University and Prairie View A&M University. The University of Texas Medical Branch and Texas A&M University at Galveston, a branch campus of Texas A&M University, are located in Galveston.
Several private institutions of higher learning—ranging from liberal arts colleges to a nationally recognized Tier One research university—are located within the metropolitan area. The University of St. Thomas is the only Catholic institution of higher education in Houston. Houston Christian University, located in the Sharpstown area, was founded in 1960. Rice University is one of the leading teaching and research universities of the United States and consistently ranks among the nation's top 20 universities by U.S. News & World Report.[69]
Three community college districts exist with campuses in and around Houston. The
Eastern portions of the area and small sections of the city are served by
Politics
This article needs to be updated.(January 2021) |
Politically, the Greater Houston area has historically been divided between areas of strength of the Republican and Democratic parties.[70]
Democrats are also stronger in the more liberal Neartown area, which is home to a large artist and LGBT community, and Alief, which houses a sizable Asian American population. In 2008, almost every county in the region voted for Republican John McCain; only Harris County was won by Democratic candidate Barack Obama, by a small margin (51%–49%).[71] Galveston has long been a staunch Democratic stronghold, with the most active Democratic county establishment in the state.[72]
United States Congress
Senators | Name | Party | First elected | Level | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senate Class 1 | Ted Cruz | Republican | 2012 | Junior Senator | |
Senate Class 2 | John Cornyn | Republican | 2002 | Senior Senator | |
Representatives | Name | Party | First elected | Area(s) of Greater Houston represented | |
District 2 | Dan Crenshaw | Republican | 2018 | Kingwood portion of Houston, Spring, northeast Harris County (including Baytown, Humble and La Porte), western and southern Liberty County | |
District 7 | Lizzie Pannill Fletcher
|
Democratic | 2018 | West Houston, Memorial Villages, Bellaire, West University Place, west and northwest Harris County | |
District 8 | Morgan Luttrell | Republican | 2022 | Polk and San Jacinto counties; northern Montgomery County; southern Walker County; western Harris County | |
District 9 | Al Green | Democratic | 2004 | Alief, Southwest Houston, Houston's Southside, portions of Fort Bend County (Mission Bend, eastern portion of Stafford, northern and eastern portions of Missouri City, county's entire share of Houston) | |
District 10 | Michael McCaul | Republican | 2004 | Northwest Harris County; Austin and Waller counties; most of the Greater Katy area | |
District 18 | Sheila Jackson Lee | Democratic | 1994 | Downtown Houston, Bush IAH, northwest and northeast Houston, inner portions of Houston's Southside | |
District 22 | Troy Nehls | Republican | 2020 | most of Fort Bend County (Sugar Land, Rosenberg, the southern portion of Greater Katy, plus western and southern portions of Missouri City), northern Brazoria County (including Pearland), portions of Galveston County (La Marque), southern and central Pasadena, Deer Park, parts of Clear Lake City | |
District 29 | Sylvia Garcia | Democratic | 2018 | East Houston, northern Pasadena, Galena Park, Channelview (all Harris County) | |
District 36 | Brian Babin | Republican | 2014 | Southeastern and eastern parts of Harris County (including the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center )
|
Texas Legislature
Texas Senate
District | Name | Party | First elected | Area(s) of Greater Houston represented | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | Robert Nichols
|
Republican | 2006 | Northern and western Montgomery County (including Conroe), San Jacinto County | |
4 | Brandon Creighton | Republican | 2014 | Southern Montgomery County (including The Woodlands), Kingwood, Liberty County, Chambers County, far eastern portions of Baytown | |
6 | Carol Alvarado | Democratic | 2018 | Houston Ship Channel, eastern portions of Houston, Jacinto City, Galena Park, northern Pasadena, western portion of Baytown | |
7 | Paul Bettencourt | Republican | 2015 | Memorial Villages, Memorial/Spring Branch area, Addicks Reservoir, Northwest Harris County | |
11 | Larry Taylor | Republican | 2013 | Northern and central Brazoria County, southeastern portions of Houston and Harris County, the Galveston County mainland, and all areas roughly north of SH 87 on Galveston Island. | |
13 | Borris Miles | Democratic | 2017 | Downtown Houston, Texas Medical Center, southwest and northeast Houston, Houston's Southside, northern portions of Missouri City, Stafford | |
15 | John Whitmire | Democratic | 1983 | Northwest Houston, Bush IAH, southern portion of Humble, eastern Harris County | |
17 | Joan Huffman | Republican | 2008 | Meyerland, Bellaire, West University Place, much of Katy area, far west Houston, Barker Reservoir, portions of Fort Bend County (Sugar Land and southern Missouri City) southern Brazoria County, the area of Galveston Island south of SH 87, entire Bolivar Peninsula, and Port Arthur. | |
18 | Lois Kolkhorst | Republican | 2015 | Austin, Waller and Wharton counties; western Fort Bend County |
Texas House of Representatives
District | Name | Party | First elected | Area(s) of Greater Houston represented | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | Cecil Bell Jr. | Republican | 2013 | Waller County, Montgomery County | |
13 | Leighton Schubert | Republican | 2015 | Austin County | |
15 | Mark Keough | Republican | 2014 | The Woodlands, southern Montgomery County | |
16 | Will Metcalf | Republican | 2015 | Northern and central Montgomery County (including Conroe) | |
18 | Ernest Bailes | Republican | 2017 | San Jacinto County, Liberty County, Walker County | |
23 | Wayne Faircloth | Republican | 2015 | Galveston, Texas City, Bolivar Peninsula, Chambers County | |
24 | Greg Bonnen | Republican | 2013 | Hitchcock, La Marque, Santa Fe, Dickinson, League City, Friendswood (all in Galveston County) | |
25 | Dennis Bonnen | Republican | 1996 | Southern Brazoria County (Lake Jackson, Angleton, Freeport) | |
26 | Rick Miller | Republican | 2013 | Sugar Land | |
126 | Kevin Roberts | Republican | 2017 | Champions/FM 1960 | |
127 | Dan Huberty | Republican | 2011 | Kingwood, Lake Houston, Crosby, Wallisville | |
128 | Briscoe Cain | Republican | 2017 | East Harris County (Baytown, Deer Park, La Porte) | |
129 | Dennis Paul | Republican | 2015 | Southeast Harris County (Clear Lake City Area, NASA Johnson Space Center) | |
130 | Tom Oliverson | Republican | 2017 | Northwest Harris County (including Tomball and Cypress-Fairbanks areas) | |
131 | Alma Allen
|
Democratic | 2004 | Outer portions of Houston's Southside | |
132 | Mike Schofield | Republican | 2015 | West Harris County (including county's share of Katy and unincorporated western parts of the Katy area) | |
133 | Jim Murphy | Republican | 2006 | West Houston, western portion of Memorial/Spring Branch, part of the Energy Corridor | |
134 | Ann Johnson | Democratic | 2020 | Inner western portions of Houston (including Meyerland, River Oaks and Memorial Park), Texas Medical Center, West University Place, Bellaire, Southside Place | |
135 | Gary Elkins | Republican | 1994 | Parts of northwest Harris County (including Jersey Village) and southeastern segments of the Champions/FM 1960 area | |
136 | Beverly Woolley | Republican | 1994 | Memorial Villages and surrounding areas | |
137 | Gene Wu | Democratic | 2013 | Southwest Houston (including Sharpstown, Westwood and Fondren Southwest) | |
138 | Dwayne Bohac | Republican | 2002 | Northwest Houston and parts of the Memorial/Spring Branch area north of I-10, Addicks Reservoir | |
139 | Jarvis Johnson | Democratic | 2016 | North Houston and Aldine west of I-45 | |
140 | Armando Walle | Democratic | 2008 | North Houston and Aldine east of I-45 | |
141 | Senfronia Thompson | Democratic | 1972 | Northeast Houston, Bush IAH, Greenspoint, southern portion of Humble | |
143 | Ana Hernandez | Democratic | 2005 (special election filling the unexpired term of Joe Moreno) | East Houston within Loop 610, Houston Ship Channel, Galena Park, Jacinto City, northern Pasadena | |
; | 144 | Mary Ann Perez | Democratic | 2017 | Southern Pasadena, far southeast Houston |
145 | Carol Alvarado | Democratic | 2009 | Inner southeastern portions of Houston (mainly east of I-45), South Houston (not part of the city of Houston) | |
146 | Shawn Thierry | Democratic | 2017 | Inner portions of Houston's Southside | |
147 | Garnet Coleman | Democratic | 1991 (special election filling the unexpired term of Larry Evans) | Downtown Houston, inner southeastern portions of Houston (mainly west of I-45) | |
148 | Jessica Farrar | Democratic | 1994 | Northwest Houston mainly within Loop 610 (including Houston Heights) | |
149 | Hubert Vo | Democratic | 2004 | Far west Houston, Alief, unincorporated portions of Katy area east of Fry Rd, Barker Reservoir | |
150 | Valoree Swanson | Republican | 2017 | Northern Harris County (Spring, Klein, northern Humble) |
Year | DEM | GOP | Others |
---|---|---|---|
2020
|
49.8% 1,330,116 | 48.8% 1,302,436 | 1.4% 36,931 |
2016
|
47.4% 991,171 | 48.4% 1,012,507 | 4.3% 89,327 |
2012
|
43.6% 811,798 | 55.2% 1,027,708 | 1.3% 23,530 |
2008
|
45.6% 823,491 | 53.6% 967,233 | 0.7% 13,508 |
2004
|
41.0% 664,498 | 58.4% 947,144 | 0.7% 10,635 |
2000
|
40.0% 571,677 | 57.4% 818,742 | 2.6% 37,095 |
1996
|
43.2% 524,035 | 50.6% 614,174 | 6.2% 75,696 |
1992
|
36.9% 485,614 | 43.1% 566,917 | 19.9% 261,767 |
1988
|
41.9% 464,661 | 57.2% 633,685 | 0.9% 10,405 |
1984
|
37.5% 435,551 | 62.2% 721,871 | 0.3% 3,141 |
1980
|
38.5% 361,817 | 57.6% 541,762 | 3.9% 37,116 |
1976
|
48.1% 421,617 | 51.0% 446,420 | 0.9% 7,603 |
1972
|
36.6% 265,828 | 62.9% 457,043 | 0.5% 3,466 |
1968
|
39.4% 236,209 | 40.8% 244,601 | 19.8% 118,699 |
1964
|
61.1% 297,393 | 38.7% 188,335 | 0.2% 1,099 |
1960
|
47.5% 198,877 | 50.1% 209,747 | 2.4% 10,122 |
Culture
Houston's concentration of consular offices ranks third in the nation and first in the South, with 90 countries represented.
Greater Houston is widely noted for its ethnic diversity and strong international community. In its 2010 publication "Urban Elite",[78] A.T. Kearney added the city to their list of the 65 most important world cities and ranks Houston 35th, as "...a magnet for a diverse population and business services...". The Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network ranks Houston as a Beta- World City, "an important world city instrumental to linking their region or state to the world economy."[79]
Media
Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area is served by a public television station and one public radio station. KUHT (HoustonPBS) is a PBS member station and is the first public television station in the United States. Houston Public Radio is listener-funded radio and comprises one NPR member station, KUHF (KUHF News). The University of Houston System owns and holds broadcasting licenses to KUHT and KUHF. The stations broadcast from the Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting, located on the campus of the University of Houston. The metropolitan area is also served by ABC13 Houston (KTRK-TV) and Fox 26 Houston (KRIV-TV), owned-and-operated stations of ABC and Fox News, and NBC and CBS-affiliates KPRC 2 Houston and KHOU 11.
The Houston area is served by the
The
Transportation
Highways
This article needs to be updated.(March 2016) |
Houston's freeway system includes 575.5 miles (926.2 km) of freeways and expressways in the 10-county metro area.[50] The State of Texas plans to spend $65 billion on Houston area highways by 2025. Houston freeways are heavily traveled and often under construction to meet the demands of continuing growth.
The Greater Houston area has a
Mass transit
The
METRO began running light rail service (
Following a successful referendum held locally in 2004, METRO is currently in the beginning design phases of a 10-year expansion plan to add five more sections to connect to the current rail system. An 8.3-mile (13.4-km) expansion has been approved to run the service from Uptown through Texas Southern University, ending at the University of Houston campus.
Some areas in east Harris County are served by Harris County Transit.
Airports
Houston's largest airport George Bush Intercontinental Airport, is located in north Houston. It is the second largest hub for United Airlines.
In 2010,
Intercity rail
Intercity bus
- Houston Greyhound Station at 2121 South Main Street[84]
- Americanos U.S. L.L.C. (Houston Southeast) at 7218 Harrisburg Blvd.[85]
- Agencia Autobuses (Houston Southwest) at 6590 Southwest Freeway[86]
In addition, Greyhound operates services from two stops[87]
- Houston Aau
- Houston (Amtrakstation)
Greyhound also operates services to stops within other cities in the Greater Houston area, including:
- Angleton (at Save Step Food Mart)[88]
- Baytown (at Baytown Travel Express)[89]
- Shell)[90]
- Katy (at Sunmart Texaco)[91]
- Prairie View (at Unco Food Store)[92]
- Rosenberg (at Shell-McDonald's)[93]
Three Megabus stations additionally serve the Houston area:
- Downtown – a parking lot located at 815 Pierce St. across the street from METRO's Downtown Transit Center
- Northwest Houston – a Shell gas station located at 13250 FM 1960
- Katy Mills Mall – at Entrance 5, 5000 Katy Mills Circle
See also
Notes
- ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
- ^ Official records for Houston were kept at the Weather Bureau in downtown from July 1888 to May 1969, and at Intercontinental since June 1969.[28]
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Further reading
- Weisman, Alan (2007). The world without us. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-312-34729-1.
- "Regional Growth Forecast 2035." (Archive) Houston-Galveston Area Council (H-GAC). August 2006.