David Dinkins
David Dinkins | |
---|---|
106th Mayor of New York City | |
In office January 1, 1990 – December 31, 1993 | |
Preceded by | Ed Koch |
Succeeded by | Rudy Giuliani |
23rd Borough President of Manhattan | |
In office January 1, 1986 – December 31, 1989 | |
Preceded by | Andrew Stein |
Succeeded by | Ruth Messinger |
Member of the New York State Assembly from the 78th district | |
In office January 1, 1966 – December 31, 1966 | |
Preceded by | Constituency established |
Succeeded by | Edward A. Stevenson Sr. |
Personal details | |
Born | David Norman Dinkins July 10, 1927 Trenton, New Jersey, U.S. |
Died | November 23, 2020 (aged 93) New York City, U.S. |
Political party | Democratic |
Other political affiliations | Democratic Socialists of America |
Spouse | |
Children | 2 |
Education | Howard University (BS) Brooklyn Law School (LLB) |
Military service | |
Allegiance | United States |
Branch/service | United States Marine Corps |
Years of service | 1945–1946 |
David Norman Dinkins (July 10, 1927 – November 23, 2020) was an American politician, lawyer, and author who served as the 106th mayor of New York City from 1990 to 1993.
Dinkins was among the more than 20,000
Early life and education
Dinkins was born in Trenton, New Jersey, to Sarah "Sally" Lucy Dinkins, a domestic worker, and William Harvey Dinkins Jr., a barber and real estate agent.[3][4] His parents separated when he was six years old, after which he was raised by his father.[4] Dinkins moved to Harlem as a child before returning to Trenton. He attended Trenton Central High School, where he graduated in 1945.[5]
Upon graduating, Dinkins attempted to enlist in the
Dinkins graduated cum laude from Howard University[3] with a bachelor's degree in mathematics in 1950. He received his LL.B. from Brooklyn Law School in 1956.[9][10]
Political career
Early and middle career
While maintaining a private law practice from 1956 to 1975, Dinkins rose through the Democratic Party organization in Harlem, beginning at the Carver Democratic Club under the aegis of
Dinkins briefly represented the 78th District of the
Dinkins was elected in the wake of a corruption scandal that stemmed from the decline of longtime Brooklyn Democratic Party chairman and preeminent New York City political leader
Mayoralty
Crime
Dinkins entered office in January 1990 pledging racial healing, and famously referred to New York City's demographic diversity as "not a melting pot, but a gorgeous mosaic".[22] The crime rate in New York City had risen alarmingly during the 1980s, and the rate of homicide in particular reached an all-time high of 2,245 cases during 1990, the first year of the Dinkins administration.[23] The rates of most crimes, including all categories of violent crime, then declined during the remainder of his four-year term. That ended a 30-year upward spiral and initiated a trend of falling rates that continued and accelerated beyond his term.[24][25] However, the high absolute levels, the peak early in his administration, and the only modest decline subsequently (homicide down 12% from 1990 to 1993)[26] resulted in Dinkins' suffering politically from the perception that crime remained out of control on his watch.[27][28] Dinkins in fact initiated a hiring program that expanded the police department nearly 25%. The New York Times reported, "He obtained the State Legislature's permission to dedicate a tax to hire thousands of police officers, and he fought to preserve a portion of that anticrime money to keep schools open into the evening, an award-winning initiative that kept tens of thousands of teenagers off the street."[28][29]
Dinkins' term was marked by a greater push toward accountability and oversight regarding police misconduct, which led to friction between Dinkins and the city's
Dealmaking
Dinkins was rebuffed in his attempt to end the licensing of locksmiths.[37][38]
During his final days in office, Dinkins made last-minute negotiations with the sanitation workers, presumably to preserve the public status of garbage removal. Giuliani, who had defeated Dinkins in the 1993 mayoral race, blamed Dinkins for a "cheap political trick" when Dinkins planned the resignation of
Other longterm matters
Dinkins's term was marked by polarizing events such as the
In 1991, when "Iraqi
The Dinkins administration was adversely affected by a declining economy, which led to lower tax revenue and budget shortfalls.
1993 election
In 1993, Dinkins lost to
Later career
From 1994 until his death, Dinkins was a professor of professional practice at the Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs.[48]
Dinkins was a member of the board of directors of the
Dinkins' radio program Dialogue with Dinkins aired on
Although he never attempted a political comeback, Dinkins remained somewhat active in politics after his mayorship, and his endorsements of various candidates, including Mark Green in the 2001 mayoral race, were well-publicized. He supported Democrats Fernando Ferrer in the 2005 New York mayoral election, Bill Thompson in 2009, and Bill de Blasio in 2013.[55][56] During the 2004 Democratic presidential primaries, Dinkins endorsed and actively campaigned for Wesley Clark.[57] In the campaign for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination, Dinkins served as an elected delegate from New York for Hillary Clinton.[58] During the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries, Dinkins endorsed former Mayor Michael Bloomberg for president on February 25, 2020, just before a Democratic debate.[59]
Dinkins sat on the board of directors and in 2013 was on the Honorary Founders Board of The Jazz Foundation of America.[60][61] He worked with that organization to save the homes and lives of America's elderly jazz and blues musicians, including musicians who survived Hurricane Katrina. He served on the boards of the Children's Health Fund (CHF), the Association to Benefit Children, and the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund (NMCF). Dinkins was also chairman emeritus of the board of directors of the National Black Leadership Commission on AIDS.[50] He was a champion of college access, serving on the Posse Foundation National Board of Directors until his death in 2020.[62]
The David N. Dinkins Municipal Building in Manhattan was named after the former mayor in 2015 by mayor Bill de Blasio.[63]
Personal life
Dinkins married
Dinkins was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha and Sigma Pi Phi ("the Boule"), the oldest collegiate and first professional Greek-letter fraternities, respectively, established for African Americans. He was raised as a Master Mason in King David Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M., PHA, located in Trenton, New Jersey, in 1952.[68]
In 1994, Dinkins was part of an Episcopal Church delegation to Haiti.[69]
Dinkins was hospitalized in New York on October 31, 2013, for treatment of pneumonia.[70] He was hospitalized again for pneumonia on February 19, 2016.[71]
Dinkins starred as himself on April 13, 2018, in
Death
On November 23, 2020, Dinkins died from unspecified natural causes at his home on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, about a month after his wife's death. He was 93.[66][73]
Books
- Dinkins, David N.; Knobler, Peter (2013). A Mayor's Life: Governing New York's Gorgeous Mosaic. New York: PublicAffairs Books. OCLC 826322884.
See also
- List of mayors of New York City
- Timeline of New York City, 1980s–1990s
References
- ^ Dinkins, David (July 21, 2005). "Transcript of Interview with Dinkins, David". library.uncw.edu.
- ^ "Dinkins Seriously Considers Entering the Race for Mayor" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Lynn, Frank, The New York Times, December 8, 1988.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-61039-301-0.
- ^ a b McQuiston, John T. (October 20, 1991). "William Dinkins, Mayor's Father And Real Estate Agent, Dies at 85". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
- ^ Abdur-Rahman, Sulaiman (November 24, 2020). "Legendary city native David Dinkins dies at 93". The Trentonian. Retrieved November 25, 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Hockenberry, John (June 27, 2012). "First Black Marines Awarded Congressional Gold Medal". The Takeaway. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
- ^ Marriott, Michel (November 28, 1988). "To Run or Not to Run: Dinkins's Struggle". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ "David Dinkins Biography – 1190 WLIB – Your Praise & Inspiration Station". Wlib.com. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ^ a b Cheers, D. Michael. "Mayor of 'The Big Apple': 'nice guy' image helps David N. Dinkins in building multi-ethnic, multiracial coalition – New York City" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Ebony (magazine), February 1990. Accessed September 4, 2008.
- ^ "Marquis Biographies Online". Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2020.
- ^ "J. Raymond Jones, Harlem Kingmaker, Dies at 91" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Fraser, C. Gerald, The New York Times, June 11, 1991.
- ^ Schapiro, Rich, "Harlem 'trailblazer', former World War II Tuskegee Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Airmen [sic] Percy Sutton dies", New York Daily News, December 27, 2009.
- ^ "David Dinkins, New York's First and Only Black Mayor, Dies at 93". Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
- ^ Schumach, Murray (December 29, 1973). "Dinkins Pulls Out as Aide to Beame; Failed to Pay Tax". The New York Times.
- ^ Boyd, Herb; Arinde, Nayaba. "David N. Dinkins, the first Black mayor of New York City, dead at 93". St. Louis American.
- ^ McFadden, Robert D. (November 24, 2020). "David N. Dinkins, New York's First Black Mayor, Dies at 93". The New York Times.
- ^ "NYC 100 – NYC Mayors – The First 100 Years". Nyc.gov. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ISBN 0-88125-836-9
- ISBN 9780814751862. Archivedfrom the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ^ Thompson, J. Phillip, "David Dinkins' Victory in New York City: The Decline of the Democratic Party Organization and the Strengthening of Black Politics" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Political Science & Politics via jstor.org, June 1990.
- ^ Katz, Celeste (August 9, 2013). "Political consultant William Lynch Jr. dies at 72". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
- ^ Purdum, Todd S. (January 2, 1990). "Mayor Dinkins; Dinkins Sworn In; Stresses Aid to Youth". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
- ^ The Power of the Mayor, Chris McNickle, p. 355
- ISBN 978-1-61039-301-0. Riggio, Len, Foreword, page xi.
- NYPDstatistical analysis, crime in New York City took a downturn starting around 1990 that continued for many years, shattering all the city's old records for consecutive-year declines in crime rates. [See also Appendix: Tables 1–2.]
- ^ The Power of the Mayor, Chris McNickle, p. 356
- ^ Barrett, Wayne (June 25, 2001). "Giuliani's Legacy: Taking Credit For Things He Didn't Do". Gotham Gazette. Archived from the original on October 18, 2007. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
- ^ a b c Powell, Michael (October 25, 2009). "Another Look at the Dinkins Administration, and Not by Giuliani". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ^ Roberts, Sam (August 7, 1994). "As Police Force Adds to Ranks, Some Promises Still Unfulfilled". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
- ^ Nahmias, Laura (October 4, 2021). "White Riot In 1992, thousands of furious, drunken cops descended on City Hall — and changed New York history". The New Yorker. Retrieved January 21, 2022.
- ^ Finder, Alan (September 11, 1992). "The Washington Heights Case; In Washington Heights, Dinkins Defends Actions After Shooting". The New York Times. Retrieved January 21, 2022.
- ^ Oliver, Pamela. "When the NYPD Rioted – Race, Politics, Justice". Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ISSN 1091-2339. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ^ "Shielded from Justice: New York: Civilian Complaint Review Board". www.hrw.org. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Rebuffed by NYC City Council via a technicality David Seifman (July 3, 1992). "Dave gives some business license to skip license". New York Post. p. 8.
the Council's Consumer Affairs Committee failed to muster a quorum
- ^ New York City and Miami have their own licensing laws. "States with Locksmith Laws". February 7, 2018.
- ^ Siegel, Fred, The Prince of the City: Giuliani, New York, and the Genius of American Life (San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2005), p. 90.
- ^ Nesoff, Bob. "David Dinkins! New York Now and Then". New York Lifestyles Magazine. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ Taylor, John (December 7, 1992). "The Politics of Grievance: Dinkins, the Blacks, and the Jews". New York Magazine. Archived from the original on June 26, 2014. Retrieved January 21, 2014.
- ^ Clyde Haberman (July 9, 1993). "Dinkins Leaves Israel". The New York Times. p. B3.
- ^ Felicia R. Lee (January 26, 1991). "Dinkins to Lead Contingent in Trip to Israel". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
- ^ Jonathan Ferziger (February 4, 1991). "Dinkins visits Shamir, Patriots, Ethiopians". UPI.com. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f Powell, Michael (October 5, 2009). "Another Look at the Dinkins Administration, and Not by Giuliani". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
- ^ Purdum, Todd S. (November 3, 1993). "Giuliani ousts Dinkins by a thin margin ..." The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
- ISBN 1-58465-561-5. Archivedfrom the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
- ^ "SIPA: Faculty David N. Dinkins". Columbia University. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
- ^ "David Dinkins was a New York City mayor, and a tennis superfan". Tennis.com.
- ^ a b "David N. Dinkins, Director at Large". United States Tennis Association. Archived from the original on July 20, 2010. Retrieved September 1, 2017.
- ^ "Praise Team: On-Air Schedule". WLIB. January 6, 2009. Archived from the original on July 1, 2007.
- ^ Hinckley, David (April 4, 2014). "After two decades, David Dinkins signing off at radio station WLIB". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
- ^ "Trentonian David Dinkins tells all in A Mayor's Life" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Trenton (NJ) Trentonian, September 21, 2013.
- ^ "Their Honors" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Roberts, Sam, The New York Times, Sunday Book Review, November 22, 2013.
- ^ "William Thompson picks up a pair of key endorsements" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Fermino, Jennifer, Daily News (New York), June 3, 2013.
- ^ "The Ghosts of Mayors Past" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Roberts, Sam, The New York Times, September 29, 2013.
- ^ "David Dinkins supports Wesley Clark, to join him in N.H." Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, USA Today, Associated Press, January 21, 2004.
- ^ "Reporters Notebook: New Yorkers make their mark on Maryland politics". The Gazette. Gaithersburg, MD. October 1, 2010. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ^ Wilkinson, Joseph. "Former NYC Mayor David Dinkins endorses Mike Bloomberg for President". nydailynews.com. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
- ^ "Hon. David Dinkins" Archived March 3, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, JazzFoundation.org. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
- ^ McMullan, Patrick, May 10, 2009. "The Jazz Foundation of America's 'A great night in Harlem' benefit" (photo archive) Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine patrickmcmullan.com, May 29, 2008. Event at the Apollo Theater, NYC. Accessed: May 10, 2009.
- ^ "Longtime Board Member, Former NYC Mayor David Dinkins Reflects on Path to Education, Posse" Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, possefoundation.org. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
- ^ Hajela, Deepti (November 24, 2020). "David Dinkins, first Black mayor of New York City, dies at 93". Global News. Associated Press. Retrieved November 3, 2022.
- ^ "Joyce Burrows and David Dinkins are wed in double ring ceremony". The New York Age. September 5, 1953. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
- ^ Marriott, Michel (January 1, 1990). "Joyce Dinkins, a Quiet Lady Who Is No Longer a Private Person". New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
- ^ a b McFadden, Robert D. (November 24, 2020). "David N. Dinkins, New York's First Black Mayor, Dies at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ "Joyce Dinkins, wife of NYC's first Black mayor, dies". MSN. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
- ^ Stieb, Matt (November 24, 2020). "David Dinkins, New York's First and Only Black Mayor, Has Died at 93". Intelligencer.
- ^ Lemonis, Anita (June 15, 1994). "piscopal Church Delegation to Haiti Finds Desperate Struggle to Cope". Episcopal News Service. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ "Dinkins hospitalized". New York: WNYW. October 31, 2013. Archived from the original on November 1, 2013.
- ^ "Former NYC Mayor Dinkins Hospitalized for Pneumonia". ABC News.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
- ^ "Listings-Blue Bloods". The Futon Critic. April 13, 2018. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
- ^ "Former New York City Mayor David Dinkins Dies at 93". NBC 4 New York. November 23, 2020. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
Further reading
- McNickle, Chris (2012). The Power of the Mayor: David Dinkins, 1990–1993. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. OCLC 930793065.
- Paterson, David (2020). Black, Blind, & in Charge: A Story of Visionary Leadership and Overcoming Adversity. New York.
- Rangel, Charles B.; Wynter, Leon (2007). And I Haven't Had a Bad Day Since: From the Streets of Harlem to the Halls of Congress. New York: St. Martin's Press.
- John C. Walker (1989). The Harlem Fox: J. Raymond Jones at Tammany 1920–1970, New York: State University New York Press.