Dipteris
Dipteris | |
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Dipteris conjugata | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Division: | Polypodiophyta |
Class: | Polypodiopsida |
Order: | Gleicheniales |
Family: | Dipteridaceae |
Genus: | Dipteris Reinw. |
Type species | |
Dipteris conjugata Reinwardt
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Species | |
See text | |
Synonyms | |
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Dipteris is a genus of about seven species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, particularly Asia, with a species in northeastern Queensland in Australia. It is one of two genera in the family Dipteridaceae.
Description
Species of Dipteris grow from creeping
Taxonomy
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt first published the genus in 1825,[6] by describing Dipteris conjugata Reinw.[7] which is the best known species.[8]
In 1839, R. Brown reduced the genus to a subgenus of
The Latin genus name Dipteris refers to an amalgamation of two terms: di meaning two, and pteris Greek word used for ferns generally, meaning wing-like.[12]
Species
Phylogeny of Dipteris[13][14] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of October 2019[update], Plants of the World Online and the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognized seven species:[15][16]
- Christ– Tropical Asia and Australasia
- Dipteris conjugata Reinw. – Indochina to Australia (Queensland), and some islands in the Pacific Ocean
- Dipteris lobbiana (Hook.) T. Moore – Cuba, Hispaniola
- Dipteris nieuwenhuisii Christ
- Dipteris novoguineensis Posth.
- Dipteris papilioniformis Kjellb.
- Dipteris wallichii (R. Br.) T. Moore – India, Cuba, Hispaniola
Dipteris polyphyllus, a species from New Guinea has not been fully accepted as a species.[17]
Distribution and habitat
Many species are found in Malaysia, Philippines, Samoa and New Guinea, growing beside Matonia (another fern species).[5][10] Most of the species grow on rocks, exposed places, clearings and in thickets.[18]
Fossils
The genus has been found to have been widely distributed during the Jurassic period,[2] of the Mesozoic Era when much of the genus was widely distributed around Europe. Such fossils have been found in England, Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Switzerland, Bornholm (island), Greenland, and Poland.[10]
References
- ^ F. O. Bower The Ferns (Filicales): Volume 2, The Eusporangiatae and Other ..., Volume 2, p. 315, at Google Books
- ^ a b R.D. Preton and H.W. Woolhouse Advances in Botanical Research, Volume 4, p. 310, at Google Books
- ^ a b Peter H. Hovenkamp A Monograph of the Fern Genus Pyrrosia: Polypodiaceae, p. 102, at Google Books
- ^ a b A. C. Seward Links with the Past in the Plant World, p. 93, at Google Books
- ^ a b c A. C. Seward Fossil Plants: A Text-Book for Students of Botany and Geology, p. 298, at Google Books
- ^ "FOC Vol. 2-3 Page 4, 116". efloras.org. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
- .
- ^ "Taxon: Dipteris conjugata Reinw". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
- ^ Annals of Natural History, Volume 2, p. 215, at Google Books
- ^ S2CID 186208132.
- ^ Indian Botanical Society, Memoirs, Issue 4, page 9, 1963
- ^ D. Gledhill The Names of Plants, p. 319, at Google Books
- PMID 36092417.
- ^ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.5.0 [GenBank release 256]. 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
- ^ Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (June 2019). "Dipteris". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Vol. 8. Archived from the original on 2017-09-02. Retrieved 2019-10-04.
- ^ "Dipteris Reinw.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2019-10-04
- ^ "Dipteris polyphyllus". Retrieved 6 September 2017.
- ^ K.U. Kramer, Klaus Kubitzki, P.S. Green (Editors) Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms, p. 101, at Google Books
Other sources
- Douglas Houghton Campbell, The Evolution of the Land Plants (Embryophyta), 1940
- Anil Kumar, Botany for Degree Pteridophyta, 2006
- Sir Arthur George Tansley, The New Phytologist, 1956
External links
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