Emperor Go-Yōzei

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Emperor Go-Yōzei
後陽成天皇
Shōguns
See list
BornKatahito (周仁) or Kazuhito (和仁)
December 31, 1571
Azuchi–Momoyama period
DiedSeptember 25, 1617(1617-09-25) (aged 45)
Heian Palace, Kyoto, Tokugawa shogunate
Burial
Fukakusa no kita no Misasagi (深草北陵) Kyoto
Spouse
​
(m. 1586)​
Issue
more...
Posthumous name
Tsuigō:
Emperor Go-Yōzei (後陽成院 or 後陽成天皇)
HouseYamato
FatherPrince Masahito
MotherFujiwara no (Kajūji) Haruko
Signature

Emperor Go-Yōzei (後陽成天皇, Go-Yōzei-

order of succession.[2]: 111  Go-Yōzei's reign spanned the years 1586 through to his abdication in 1611,[3] corresponding to the transition between the Azuchi–Momoyama period and the Edo period
.

This 16th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Yōzei, and go- (後), translates as later, and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Yōzei". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the second one, and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Yōzei, the second", or as "Yōzei II".

Genealogy

Before Go-Yōzei's ascension to the

Yōkwōin daijō-tennō, who was the eldest son of Emperor Ōgimachi.[2]
: 10  His mother was a lady-in-waiting.

Go-Yōzei's Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. The family included at least 35 children.[2]: 113 

Consort and issue(s):

  • Empress (Nyōgo): Fujiwara (Konoe) Sakiko (藤原近衛 前子)(1575 – 11 August 1630), later Chukamonin (中和門院), daughter of Konoe Sakihisa (近衛 前久)
    • First Daughter: Princess Shōkō (聖興女王; 1590–1594)
    • Second Daughter: Princess Ryūtōin (龍登院宮; 1592–1600)
    • Third Daughter: Imperial Princess Seishi (清子内親王; 1593–1674), married Takatsukasa Nobuhisa
    • Fourth Daughter: Princess Bunkō (文高女王; 1595–1644)
    • Third Son: Imperial Prince Kotohito (政仁親王, 29 June 1596 – 11 September 1680), later Emperor Go-Mizunoo
    • Fifth Daughter: Princess Son'ei (尊英女王; 1598–1611)
    • Fourth Son: Konoe Nobuhiro (近衛 信尋, 24 June 1599 – 15 November 1649)
    • Seventh Son: Imperial Prince Takamatsu-no-miya Yoshihito (29 April 1603 – 14 July 1638; 高松宮好仁親王)[4]
    • Ninth Son: Ichijō Akiyoshi (一条 昭良, 12 June 1605 – 11 March 1672)
    • Sixth Daughter: Imperial Princess Teishi (貞子内親王; 1606–1675) married Nijō Yasumichi
    • Tenth Son: Imperial Prince Morochika (庶愛親王) later Imperial Prince Priest Sonkaku (1608–1661; 尊覚法親王)
    • Twelfth Daughter: Princess Son'ren (尊蓮女王; 1614–1627)
  • Consort (Hi): Kiyohara (Furuichi) Taneko (清原古市 胤子, 1583–1658), daughter of Furuichi Tanehide (古市胤栄)
    • Ninth Daughter: Princess Rei'un'in (冷雲院宮; 1611)[5]
    • Eleventh Son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōkō (道晃法親王; 8 April 1612 – 5 August 1679)
    • Tenth Daughter: Princess Kūkain (空花院宮; 1613)
  • Consort (Hi): Daughter of Chūtō Tokohiro (中東時広, d. 1680)
    • Twelfth Son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōshū (道周法親王; 1613–1634)
    • Thirteenth Son: Imperial Prince Priest Ji'in (慈胤法親王; 1617–1699)
  • Lady-in-waiting (Naishi-no-Suke): Fujiwara (Nakayama) Chikako (藤原中山親子; 1576–1608), daughter of Namayama Oyatsuna (中山親綱)
    • First Son: Imperial Prince Katahito (1588–1648; 良仁親王), later Imperial Prince Priest Kakushin
    • Second Son: Imperial Prince Priest Shōkai (承快法親王; 1591–1609)
  • Lady-in-waiting (Naishi-no-Suke): Fujiwara (Hino) Teruko (藤原日野 輝子, 1581–1607), daughter of Hino Terusuke (日野輝資)
    • Fifth Son: Imperial Prince Toshiatsu (1602–1651; 毎敦親王) later Imperial Prince Priest Sonsei (尊性法親王)
  • Lady-in-waiting (Naishi-no-Suke): Fujiwara (Jimyōin) Motoko (藤原持明院 基子; d. 1644), daughter of Jimyōin Motonori (持明院基孝)
    • Sixth Son: Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi (常嘉親王), later Imperial Prince Priest Gyōnen (尭然法親王; 1602–1661)
  • Lady-in-waiting (Naishi-no-Suke): Minamoto (Niwata) Tomoko (源庭田 具子; d. 1626), daughter of Niwata Shigetomo (庭田重具)
    • Eight Son: Imperial Prince Priest Ryōjun(良純法親王; 1603–1669)
  • Lady-in-waiting (Naishi-no-Suke): Fujwara (Hamuro) Nobuko (藤原葉室 宣子; d. 1679), daughter of Hamuro Yorinobu (葉室頼宣)
    • Eleventh Daughter: Princess Sonsei (尊清女王; 1613–1669)
  • Handmaid (Naishi-no-Jō): Taira (Nishinotōin) Tokiko (平西洞院 時子, d. 1661), daughter of Nishinotōin Tokiyoshi (西洞院時慶)
    • Seventh Daughter: Princess Eishū (永崇女王; 1609–1690)
    • Eighth Daughter: Princess Kō'un'in (高雲院宮; 1610–1612)

Events of Go-Yōzei's life

Prince Katahito became emperor when his grandfather abdicated. The succession (senso) was considered to have been received by the new monarch; and shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Yōzei is said to have acceded (sokui).[3] A distinct act of senso was unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.[6] The events during his lifetime shed some light on his reign. The years of Go-Yōzei's reign correspond with the start of the Tokugawa shogunate under the leadership of Tokugawa Ieyasu and Tokugawa Hidetada.

On 31 December 1571, the Imperial prince who became known by the posthumous name of Go-Yōzei-tennō was born.

kampaku, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, was nominated to be Daijō-daijin (Chancellor of the Realm).[3] In 1588 (Tenshō 16, 7th month), Emperor Go-Yōzei and his father visit Toyotomi Hideyoshi's mansion in Kyoto. This was the first time that an emperor appeared in public since 1521.[2]
: 111  Hideyoshi led an army to the Kantō where he lay siege to Odawara Castle in 1588 (Tenshō 18, 7th month). When the fortress fell, Hōjō Ujimasa died and his brother, Hōjō Ujinao submitted to Hideyoshi's power, thus ending a period of serial internal warfare which had continued uninterrupted since the Ōnin War (1467–1477).[3]

The

Kyōto began and Toyotomi Hideyori came to Kyoto to visit the former-Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu. On 20 May 1610 (Keichō 15, the 27th day of the 3rd month), the emperor announces his intention to resign in favor of his son Masahito.[3][9] Go-Yōzei abdicated on 9 May 1611 and his son Prince Masahito received the succession (the senso). Shortly thereafter, Go-Mizunoo formally ascended to the throne (the sokui).[3][7]

Legacy

Go-Yōzei's reign corresponds to the rule of

Kampaku), or a retired Kampaku, which was essential to increase his status and effectively stabilize his power.[citation needed
]

When

Sei-i Taishōgun, the future of any anticipated Tokugawa shogunate was by no means assured, nor was his relationship to the emperor at all settled. He gradually began to interfere in the affairs of the Imperial Court. The right to grant ranks of court nobility and change the era became a concern of the bakufu. However, the Imperial Court's poverty during the Warring States Era seemed likely to become a thing of the past, as the bakufu provided steadily for its financial needs.[citation needed
]

Go-Yōzei did abdicate in favor of his third son; but he wanted to be succeeded by his younger brother, Imperial Prince Hachijō-no-miya Toshihito (八条宮智仁親王) (first of the Hachijō-no-miya line, later called Katsura-no-miya), who built the Katsura Imperial Villa.[citation needed]

Go-Yōzei loved literature and art. He published the Kobun Kokyo and part of Nihon Shoki with movable type dedicated to the emperor by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.[citation needed]

After abdication, Go-Yōzei lived for six years in the Sentō Imperial Palace; and thereafter, it became the usual place to which abdicated emperors would retire.[2]: 113  The name of this palace and its gardens was Sentō-goshō; and emperors who had abdicated were sometimes called Sentō-goshō. Go-Yōzei died on 25 September 1617.[7] The kami of Emperor Go-Yōzei is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial mausoleum (misasagi) called Fukakusa no kita no misasagi (深草北陵) in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto.[2]: 423 

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the

Meiji
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Hanazono's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras of Go-Yōzei's reign

The years of Go-Yōzei's reign are more specifically identified by more than one

nengō: Tenshō (1573–1592), Bunroku (1592–1596), and Keichō (1596–1615).[3]

Ancestry

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Emperor Go-Yōzei.
Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom

References

  1. ^ "後陽成天皇 (107)" (in Japanese). Imperial Household Agency. n.d. Retrieved 2022-08-03.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). The Imperial House of Japan.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Titsingh, Isaac (1834). von Klaproth, Julius (ed.). Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. pp. 402–409.
  4. ^ first Takamatsu-no-miya
  5. ^ Died young
  6. ^ Kitabatake, Chikafusa (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. Translated by Varley, H. Paul. p. 44.
  7. ^ a b c d Meyer, Eva-Marie (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit. p. 186.
  8. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A.B. (1956). Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794–1869. pp. 340–341.
  9. doi:10.3130/aijsaxx.61.0_143
    . Retrieved 2022-08-04.
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Emperor of Japan
:
Go-Yōzei
1586–1611 		Succeeded by
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