Firestone Firehawk 600
Team Rahal | |
Podium | |
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Fastest lap |
The Firestone Firehawk 600 was a planned
Background
The Firestone Firehawk 600 was to be the second attempt to run an open-wheel race on a high-banked oval. Texas Motor Speedway, which opened in 1997, is classified as an intermediate oval with a length of 1.5 miles (2.4 km). The turns are banked at 24°. By comparison, the turns at Indianapolis Motor Speedway are only banked at 9°, and those at Michigan International Speedway are 18°.
Texas Motor Speedway was originally designed with a dual-banking layout. The steep 24° banking on top would accommodate NASCAR races. A secondary 8° banking below was designed for the faster open-wheel machines. While the track was under construction, CART had expressed interest in holding a race at the facility, but upon closer examination of the unusual dual-banking system decided it was not feasible. The secondary banking design was ultimately deemed a failure, and in 1998, the turns were reconfigured. The dual banking was removed in favor of a larger apron, and after unrelated difficulties during the NASCAR events, the turn transitions were corrected.
The rival
After the success of the IRL events, CART expressed renewed interest in holding an event at the track. Over the summer of 2000, negotiations were ongoing, with a tentative date of May 6, 2001 set for the inaugural event.[4] When the 2001 CART schedule was released, the race was scheduled for April 29, 2001, and was set to air live on ABC.[4][5] However, it was eventually switched to sister network ESPN.
Initial concerns
The expectations for dangerously high speeds were an early concern,
TMS president Eddie Gossage wrote to CART management urging them to mandate certain suspension components, among others, to improve safety for the event.[6] CART driver Maurício Gugelmin expressed that the drivers would face a challenge, but was confident that CART would find the solutions needed to conduct the race.[6] Gugelmin also noted that "stronger parts will be necessary because of the loading generated by the banking."[6]
Testing
The first CART test session began on December 19, 2000.
While CART did not arrange a full-field open test,[7] several private tests followed. The second series of private tests, scheduled for three days, began February 21, 2001. The entire week was hindered by rain and cool temperatures.[11] Patrick Racing and driver Jimmy Vasser were the first teams to take to the track.[12] On the first day, rain kept the track closed until 11:30 a.m. A busy afternoon saw Vasser drive over 100 laps, with a top lap over 215 mph (346 km/h). Vasser reported it was "fairly easy to drive flat out"[12] and said the track was somewhat bumpy.[12] The team claimed to have accomplished all of their goals in the abbreviated half-day session, and canceled the remaining two days they had scheduled for the test.
Like
PacWest Racing also tested at the track on February 22 with rookie driver Scott Dixon[14] and Maurício Gugelmin.[11] In 55 degree weather, Dixon drove about 140 laps, with a top speed close to 225 mph.[14] Gugelmin also reported the ability to drive flat out around the track.
However, Gugelmin told Gossage and CART officials in a March 19 teleconference that he didn't believe CART could run a race at TMS. He claimed that the "wing configuration was wrong," and the cars were "too fast" for the track.[1]
Also at the track on February 22 was
All scheduled testing for February 23 was canceled due to rain.[11] During the week, no incidents were reported. Tora Takagi, however, suffered gearbox trouble, and completed only 20 laps of testing.[11]
Comparisons with IRL
The existing track qualifying record at
Scott Dixon's unaided 225 mph (362 km/h) lap during testing already unofficially broke the IRL's qualifying record.
Changes
Following the tests, very few changes were made to the cars leading up to the race. The teams that participated reported satisfaction with the information gathered during the tests.[10][11][12][13][14] The primary concerns expressed dwelled on the roughness of the circuit.[12][13][17]
The track itself, however, underwent a few upgrades. Changes included a concrete wall on pit lane between the pit stalls and the grassy "quad oval" area along the frontstretch. The track's surface was also smoothed in some areas, in response to the complaints.
Race weekend
Friday morning practice
Going into race week, many drivers expressed apprehension about the upcoming race.
April 27, 2001 – Morning Practice Top Speeds | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Driver | Time | Speed | |
1 | Tony Kanaan | 22.845 | 233.539 mph (375.845 km/h) | |
2 | Christian Fittipaldi | 23.001 | 231.955 mph (373.295 km/h) | |
3 | Hélio Castroneves | 23.003 | 231.935 mph (373.263 km/h) | |
4 | Cristiano da Matta | 23.033 | 231.633 mph (372.777 km/h) | |
5 | Gil de Ferran | 23.035 | 231.613 mph (372.745 km/h) |
Friday afternoon practice
The first crash of the weekend occurred during the Friday afternoon session, when
Meanwhile, Kenny Bräck upped the fastest lap of the day to 22.821 seconds (233.785 mph).[19][22] Dario Franchitti logged the fastest single trap speed at the start/finish line, at 238.936 mph.[23]
During the day, some drivers remarked on the improvements made to the surface, that various bumps had been smoothed out.
The first serious concerns about driver safety occurred on Friday afternoon. CART medical affairs director Steve Olvey would later report that two drivers felt dizzy and disoriented after running their cars at over 230 mph (370 km/h), and that they felt they could not control their cars.
Later, chief steward Chris Kneifel recalled that he had also heard reports about drivers feeling dizzy, with some saying they had lost their equilibrium after getting out of their cars. CART competition and PR chief Mike Zizzo said that the cars were going so fast that one could get dizzy just watching them roar around the track.[1]
April 27, 2001 – Afternoon Practice Top Speeds | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Driver | Time | Speed | |
1 | Kenny Bräck | 22.821 | 233.785 mph (376.240 km/h) | |
2 | Tony Kanaan | 22.912 | 232.856 mph (374.745 km/h) | |
3 | Paul Tracy | 22.936 | 232.612 mph (374.353 km/h) | |
4 | Scott Dixon | 22.945 | 232.521 mph (374.206 km/h) | |
5 | Bryan Herta | 22.991 | 232.056 mph (373.458 km/h) |
Saturday practice
On April 28, 2001 the morning practice session saw the fastest speeds thus far at the track. Paul Tracy ran a lap of 22.542 seconds (236.678 mph) to break the all-time track record from the previous afternoon.[27]
Cristiano da Matta was involved in the second crash of the weekend. His car crashed in turn 3, and he was uninjured.[21]
April 28, 2001 – Morning Practice Top Speeds | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Driver | Time | Speed | |
1 | Paul Tracy | 22.542 | 236.678 mph (380.896 km/h) | |
2 | Tony Kanaan | 22.556 | 236.531 mph (380.660 km/h) | |
3 | Max Papis | 22.604 | 236.029 mph (379.852 km/h) | |
4 | Bryan Herta | 22.605 | 236.019 mph (379.836 km/h) | |
5 | Kenny Bräck | 22.624 | 235.820 mph (379.516 km/h) |
Qualifying
During qualifying, drivers were reporting 5 lateral
April 28, 2001 – Qualifying Speeds | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Driver | Time | Speed | Team |
1 | Kenny Bräck | 22.854 | 233.447 | Team Rahal
|
2 | Patrick Carpentier | 22.864 | 233.345 | Forsythe Racing
|
3 | Oriol Servia |
22.900 | 232.978 | Sigma Autosport |
4 | Bryan Herta | 22.931 | 232.663 | Forsythe Racing
|
5 | Shinji Nakano | 22.988 | 232.086 | Fernández Racing |
6 | Alex Zanardi | 23.003 | 231.935 | Mo Nunn Racing
|
7 | Gil de Ferran | 23.067 | 231.291 | Team Penske |
8 | Alex Tagliani | 23.077 | 231.191 | Forsythe Racing
|
9 | Christian Fittipaldi | 23.079 | 231.171 | Newman/Haas Racing |
10 | Paul Tracy | 23.097 | 230.991 | Team Green
|
11 | Cristiano da Matta | 23.105 | 230.911 | Newman/Haas Racing |
12 | Adrian Fernandez |
23.116 | 230.801 | Fernández Racing |
13 | Michel Jourdain Jr. | 23.120 | 230.761 | Bettenhausen Racing |
14 | Tony Kanaan | 23.142 | 230.542 | Mo Nunn Racing
|
15 | Nicolas Minassian | 23.146 | 230.502 | Chip Ganassi Racing |
16 | Dario Franchitti | 23.165 | 230.313 | Team Green
|
17 | Max Papis | 23.176 | 230.204 | Team Rahal
|
18 | Michael Andretti | 23.215 | 229.817 | Team Motorola
|
19 | Hélio Castroneves | 23.292 | 229.057 | Team Penske |
20 | Scott Dixon | 23.319 | 228.792 | PacWest Racing |
21 | Bruno Junqueira | 23.373 | 228.263 | Chip Ganassi Racing |
22 | Jimmy Vasser | 23.479 | 227.233 | Patrick Racing |
23 | Tora Takagi | 23.533 | 226.711 | Walker Racing |
24 | Roberto Moreno | 23.580 | 226.260 | Patrick Racing |
25 | Max Wilson | 24.308 | 219.483 | Arciero-Blair Racing |
Post-qualifying
After the CART series finished qualifying, the
By late Saturday afternoon, concerns were rising about driver safety on the track.
Veteran racing reporter John Oreovicz later said that the Saturday practice session was one of the few times he could recall fearing for the safety of the drivers and fans in what at the time was a quarter-century of covering races. By then, at least one driver, Franchitti, doubted that the race would go on as scheduled. Later, Bräck recalled that when the drivers' meeting concluded, only he and Tracy were in favor of racing the following day.[1]
Postponement
Olvey contacted Dr. Richard Jennings, a former flight director at
The night before the race, CART officials attempted to make last-ditch efforts to curtail speeds by having the teams take downforce out of the car, and reduce horsepower.[7] According to Zizzo, they felt that they could not slow the cars down by more than three or four mph without risking engine failure. One proposal, seriously considered, would have called for a makeshift chicane of cones along the backstretch.[1]
However, by Sunday morning, time was running out to make changes necessary to hold the race safely. The morning warm-up session was canceled. Two hours before the scheduled start, the race was postponed. Over 60,000 fans were sent home. The move came after Kniefel and CART president Joe Heitzler had a series of meetings with drivers, owners and sponsors. All parties agreed that it didn't make sense to hold the race under the circumstances.[25]
At a press conference, Heitzler did not blame the track. Rather, he stressed that officials could not in good conscience allow a race with such serious concerns about the safety of the drivers. Olvey added that the drivers were experiencing g forces well beyond the limits of "human tolerance"
Gossage was harshly critical of CART's decision. He argued that CART assured him it could run the race even though it had not conducted more extensive tests at the track. Russell argued that there was no time due to scheduling conflicts. Michael Andretti added that there was no real way to simulate ≈26 or more cars in a race.[7] ESPN's Robin Miller later said that CART should have known there was a problem the minute the first driver clocked 230 mph (370 km/h) on Friday.[7]
CART officials held out the possibility of rescheduling the race, but there was no room in the schedule and it was ultimately canceled. The race marked the first and only time a CART race would be canceled outright due to driver safety issues.[31]
Lawsuit and settlement
Speedway Motorsports, the owner of Texas Motor Speedway, sued CART on May 8 for breach of contract. Damages cited included issuing refunds for over 60,000 tickets, purse, the $2.1 million sanction fee, and additional compensation for promotional expenses, lost profits, and other damages.[33]
During the suit, it subsequently emerged that CART had ignored repeated requests to conduct testing at TMS before the aborted race. On October 16, the two parties settled for an undisclosed amount.[33] Terms were not disclosed, but estimates were between $5–$7 million.[33] A contract that included a race for 2002 and 2003 was annulled.[33]
In the aftermath, the handling of the incident was widely criticized by fans and media.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Daniel McFadin (2016-04-29). "CART and the race that never was". NBC Sports.
- ^ "2001: Drivers' Championship". forix.autosport.com. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ^ "2001, Texas". forix.autosport.com. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ^ a b "Race date changes at Texas for 2001". Motorsport.com. 2000-08-03. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ "CART 2001 schedule announcement". Motorsport.com. 2000-08-04. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "Gugelmin looks forward to Texas". Motorsport.com. 2000-11-30. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Miller, Robin (2001-04-29). "The writing was on the wall long ago". CART. ESPN. Retrieved 2012-02-01.
- ^ "December test date set at Texas". Motorsport.com. 2000-11-30. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b "Notes series happenings 2000-12-18". Motorsport.com. 2000-12-19. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d "Brack impressed with first test at Texas". Motorsport.com. 2000-12-19. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Teams complete Texas test". Motorsport.com. 2001-02-24. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e "Patrick Racing tests at Texas Motor Speedway". Motorsport.com. 2001-02-22. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e "Team KOOL Green tests Texas". Motorsport.com. 2001-02-24. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e "Dixon quickest Toyota in Texas". Motorsport.com. 2001-02-23. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d "TEXAS FRIDAY NOTEBOOK". CART.com. 2001-04-27. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ "Official Box Score True Value 500" (PDF). IndyCar.com. 1998-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b "Pre-Texas quoteboard". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-24. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ "Texas Friday morning practice results". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-27. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Brack fastest in practice at Texas". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-27. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e "Gugelmin OKAY after Texas wall collision". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-29. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "Brack takes the pole at Texas". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-28. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ "Texas Friday afternoon practice results". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-27. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ "FIRESTONE FIREHAWK 600 PRESENTED BY PIONEER - FRIDAY AFTERNOON PRESS NOTES". CART.com. 2001-04-27. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "Official CART announcement of Texas postponement". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-29. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b c d "CART medical director addresses Texas G force issue". CNNSI.com. 2001-04-30. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ "Kanaan-Zanardi Texas Sunday postponement". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-29. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ "Texas Saturday practice results". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-28. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ 2001 Indy Lights Texas
- ^ "Unlucky Carpentier rebreaks wrist". Las Vegas Sun. 2001-04-10. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
- ^ a b "Driver safety concerns postpone Texas race". Motorsport.com. 2001-04-29. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ a b "No need for speed". CNNSI.com. 2000-08-03. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ Race might be rescheduled. ESPN wire services, 2001-04-30.
- ^ a b c d "Texas Motor Speedway Reaches Settlement Over Cancelled Race". SportsLawNews.com. 2001-10-16. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
- ^ National Speed Sport News. Archived from the originalon July 6, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ a b "Tire issues aside, at least NASCAR put on a competitive show". ESPN.com. 2008-07-29. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ "Commentary: Texas Slowdown". RacingOne.com. 2001-04-30. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ Cup drivers identify with CART brethren
External links