Futurist architecture
Futurist architecture is an early-20th century form of architecture born in Italy, characterized by long dynamic lines, suggesting speed, motion, urgency and lyricism: it was a part of Futurism, an artistic movement founded by the poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, who produced its first manifesto, the Manifesto of Futurism, in 1909. The movement attracted not only poets, musicians, and artists (such as Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, Fortunato Depero, and Enrico Prampolini) but also a number of architects. A cult of the Machine Age and even a glorification of war and violence were among the themes of the Futurists - several prominent futurists were killed after volunteering to fight in World War I. The latter group included the architect Antonio Sant'Elia, who, though building little, translated the futurist vision into an urban form.[1]
History of Italian Futurism
In 1912, three years after Marinetti's Futurist Manifesto, Antonio Sant'Elia and Mario Chiattone take part to the Nuove Tendenze
In 1914 the group presented their first exposition with a "Message" by Sant'Elia, that later, with the contribution of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, became the Manifesto dell’Architettura Futurista ("Manifesto of Futurist Architecture").[2] Boccioni unofficially worked on a similar manifesto, but Marinetti preferred Sant'Elia's paper.
Later in 1920, another manifesto was written by Virgilio Marchi, Manifesto dell’Architettura Futurista–Dinamica (Manifesto of Dynamic Instinctive Dramatic Futurist Architecture).[2] Ottorino Aloisio worked in the style established by Marchi, one example being his Casa del Fascio in Asti.
Another futurist manifesto related to architecture is the Manifesto dell'Arte Sacra Futurista ("Manifesto of Sacred Futurist Art") by
Italian Futuristic artists and architects
- Giacomo Balla
- Antonio Sant'Elia
- Umberto Boccioni
- Giuseppe Terragni
- Mario Ridolfi
- Eurico Prampolini
Art Deco
The Art Deco style of architecture with its streamlined forms was regarded as futuristic when it was in style in the 1920s and 1930s. The original name for both early and late Art Deco was Art Moderne – the name "Art Deco" did not come into use until 1968 when the term was invented in a book by Bevis Hillier. The Chrysler Building is a notable example of Art Deco futurist architecture.
Futurism after World War II
Googie architecture
After World War II, Futurism was considerably weakened and redefined itself thanks to the enthusiasm towards the
Neo-Futurism
Pioneered from late 1960s and early 1970s by Finnish architects
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Paul Williams, 1961)
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Residential building in Paris, near the Maison de la Radio
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Ferrohouse in Zurich (Justus Dahinden, 1970)
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Graduate Center (classroom building), Oral Roberts University (Frank Wallace, 1963)
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French embassy in Warsaw, Poland (Bernard Zehrfuss), 1971
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Warsaw Central railway station in Poland by Arseniusz Romanowicz (1975)
References
- ISBN 3-11-015681-4.
- ^ a b c d e f "Futurist architecture and Angiolo Mazzoni’s manifesto of aerial architecture", published in VV.AA. Angiolo Mazzoni e l'Architettura Futurista, p.7–22
- ^ Literally "New Trends".
- ^ Agustín, M. R. J. (2008). Arquitectura Futurista. Síntesis. https://smu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9929261103403716&context=L&vid=01SMU_INST:01SMU&lang=en&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,ocn299943493
- ^ In 1978, architect Léon Krier described the heating plant as the greatest masterpiece of Futurist-Constructivist-Modernist architecture. Published in London 1978 – An architecture thesis on Angiolo Mazzoni by Flavio Mangione and Barbara Weiss; Angiolo Mazzoni e l'Architettura Futurista p.45
- ^ "Eero Saarinen – Tag – ArchDaily". Archdaily.com. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Eero Saarinen's TWA Terminal To Become A Luxury Hotel". Fastcodesign.com. 9 September 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Design Spotlight: Alvar Aalto- Travel Squire". Travelsquire.com. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Adrian Wilson Bio, latest news and articles – Architectural Digest". Architectural Digest. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ISBN 0-8109-5012-X.
- ^ "December 2012 Members Newsletter" (PDF). Preservationdallas.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ Cake, Opera (19 October 2010). "Neo-Futurism at Danish Royal Opera". Opera-cake.blogspot.com. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Sydney Opera House, Sydney". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Denis Laming – Architect". Laming.fr. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2014-01-04.
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Sources
- VV.AA. Angiolo Mazzoni e l'Architettura Futurista, Supplement of CE.S.A.R. September/December 2008 (Available at "Centro Studi Architettura Razionalista – Research centre for rationalist a architecture – Notebooks". 2011-01-11. Archived from the original on 2016-03-11.) (in Italian and English)