Hormozgan province
Hormozgan Province
استان هرمزگان | |
---|---|
Balochi and Gulf Arabic [1] | |
HDI (2017) | 0.768[2] high · 25th |
Hormozgan Province (Persian: استان هرمزگان, romanized: Ostān-e Hormozgān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, in Iran's Region 2,[3] facing Oman, the United Arab Emirates and the Hormuz Straits. Its area is 70,697 km2 (27,296 sq mi),[4] and Bandar Abbas is the provincial capital. The province has 14 islands in the Persian Gulf and 1,000 km (620 mi) of coastline.
At the time of the National Census of 2006, the Hormuzgan province population was recorded as 1,365,377 people in 303,323 households.[5] In the following census in 2011, the population had increased to 1,578,183 in 396,927 households.[6] By the time of the last census conducted in 2016, the population had risen to 1,776,415 in 493,660 households.[1]
History
Although Hormozgan is known to have been settled during the
The province is said to have been particularly prosperous between 241 BC and 211 BC, but grew even further in trade and commercial significance with the beginning of the Islamic era.
in the bazaars of the port of Hormuz.In 1497 Europeans landed in the region for the first time, headed by Vasco da Gama. In 1508 the Portuguese, led by Afonso de Albuquerque invaded the area with seven warships, under the pretext of protecting their interests from Egypt and Venice. The port of Hormuz at the time was considered strategically positioned for commercial interests in the Persian Gulf.
The British, meanwhile, were competing for influence in the region with Dutch colonialists, who invaded Qeshm Island and dispatched warships to Bandar Abbas during the final years of Shah Abbas' reign. The Persian government was unable to defend itself against this attack. However, with the souring of British and Dutch relations, military tensions grew in the region. The Dutch finally resorted to moving their base up to Kharg Island. The Amir of Kharg, Mir Mahna Baloch and Mir Hamal Kalmati with Baloch army defeated the Europeans from Bander Abbas till Karachi, so with the Dutch and other forces at Kharg, the British were firmly in charge of the entire region. Soon Britain took control over the entire Persian Gulf via the
The strategic importance of the Persian Gulf further increased after World War I with the discovery of oil in the region.
Geography and climate
The province is primarily mountainous, consisting of the southern tip of the
Administrative divisions
Administrative Divisions | 2006[5] | 2011[6] | 2016[1] |
---|---|---|---|
Abumusa County | 1,860 | 5,263 | 7,402 |
Bandar Abbas County | 498,644 | 588,288 | 680,366 |
Bandar Lengeh County | 113,625 | 134,713 | 159,358 |
Bashagard County1 | — | 40,007 | 35,085 |
Bastak County | 65,716 | 80,119 | 80,492 |
Hajjiabad County | 62,442 | 65,889 | 69,625 |
Jask County | 75,769 | 52,882 | 58,884 |
Khamir County | 47,545 | 52,968 | 56,148 |
Minab County | 254,304 | 235,705 | 259,221 |
Parsian County | 37,369 | 42,843 | 50,596 |
Qeshm County | 103,881 | 117,774 | 148,993 |
Rudan County | 104,222 | 118,547 | 124,522 |
Sirik County2 | — | 43,185 | 45,723 |
Total | 1,365,377 | 1,578,183 | 1,776,415 |
1Separated from Jask County 2Separated from Minab County |
Cities
According to the 2016 census, 976,652 people (nearly 55% of the population of Hormozgan province) live in the following cities:
Most populous cities
The following table lists the most populous cities in Hormozgan:[1]
Rank | City | County | Population |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Bandar Abbas | Bandar Abbas | 526,648 |
2 | Minab | Minab | 73,170 |
3 | Qeshm | Qeshm | 40,678 |
4 | Kish | Bandar Lengeh | 39,853 |
5 | Rudan | Rudan | 36,121 |
6 | Bandar Lengeh | Bandar Lengeh | 30,435 |
7 | Hajjiabad | Hajjiabad | 28,977 |
8 | Kong | Bandar Lengeh | |19,213 |
9 | Parsian | Parsian | |18,045 |
10 | Jask | Jask | |16,860 |
Languages
Hormozgan is dominated by a variety of
language, are also found among a minority of speakers within the province.Hormozgan today
Hormozgan today has 11 ports, five national airports, and three international airports. The province has an active agriculture sector, ranking first in Iran in
Germany has recently[when?] offered to build a bridge that would connect Qeshm island to the mainland, a formidable project.
Hormozgan has two
Attractions
Poshtkuh shamil Hormozgan has four- and five-star hotels with modern amenities. The Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran lists 212 sites of historical and cultural significance in the province. Some of the more popular attractions are:
- Emarat-e Kolah Farangi (built by and during the Dutch occupation)
- Berkeh haye Baran (six traditional water reservoirs)
- Gele-dari traditional bath
- The Hindu temple
- Latidan Bridge, built during the era of Shah Abbas I
- Fekri House
- Sa'di House
- Fort of Our Lady of the Conception in Hormoz island
- Qeshm Island
- Hara marine forests
- Kish Island, the most popular tourist resort in southern Iran in the Persian Gulf
- Geno UNESCO natural biosphere reserve
- Hara UNESCO natural biosphere reserve
- Various hot water springs
Colleges and universities
- Bandar Abbas University of Medical Sciences
- University of Hormozgan
- Qeshm Institute of Higher Education
- Islamic Azad University of Bandar Abbas
- Payame Noor University of Hormozgan
- Islamic Azad University of Roudan Archived 2017-10-10 at the Wayback Machine
- Kish University
See also
- Bandar Abbas
- Bastak
- Kookherd
- Maghoh
- Mir-Mahna (video game)
- Morbagh
- Ormus
- The Historic Bath of Siba – An ancient bath house that is believed dated back to the Sassanid dynasty.
References
- ^ a b c d e "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from the original (Excel) on 5 May 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
- ^ "همشهری آنلاین-استانهای کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند (Provinces were divided into 5 regions)". Hamshahri Online (in Persian). 22 June 2014 [1 Tir 1393, Jalaali]. Archived from the original on 23 June 2014.
- ^ SCI.org[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "Language distribution: Hormozgan Province". 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
Further reading
- Afshar Sistani, Iraj, Shenakht-e ostan-e Hormozgan, Tehran 2000
- Barbera, Gerardo, "Hormozgan: Situação linguística e aspectos culturais", Âyiné. International Journal of Islamic Societies and Cultures, 1, 2013, pp. 130–147