Hurricane Fred (2009)
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Cape Verde Islands | |
IBTrACS | |
Part of the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season |
Hurricane Fred was one of the easternmost forming
Throughout September 10, Fred maintained Category 2 status before weakening to a Category 1 hurricane. Continued weakening took place on September 11 as convection became fully disorganized. Later that day, Fred weakened to a tropical storm and by September 12, no convection remained around the center of the former hurricane, leaving an exposed low-level circulation. The storm degenerated into a remnant-low later that day, corresponding with the final advisory from the National Hurricane Center (NHC). The remnants of Fred persisted for nearly a full week, traveling west-northwest across the Atlantic basin. The remnants finally dissipated on September 19. Prior to becoming a tropical depression, the precursor to Fred produced moderate to heavy rainfall in the southern Cape Verde Islands, leading to two flight cancellations and several delays.
Meteorological history
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Fred_2009_track.png/275px-Fred_2009_track.png)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
![triangle](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/18px-ArrowUp.svg.png)
Hurricane Fred originated from a strong
Upon being classified a tropical depression, the NHC noted that the center of circulation was difficult to locate and the mid-level circulation was displaced from the low-level circulation. The cyclone tracked slightly north of due west in response to a small ridge to the north. Moderate wind shear initially displaced convective activity to the west.[6] Several hours after being classified, the NHC upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Fred;[7] this was the first use of the name Fred in the Atlantic basin after it replaced Fabian which was retired in 2003.[8] This followed the development of convective banding features along the periphery of the storm and strong shower and thunderstorm activity forming over the center of Fred.[9] The system continued to organize, with the banding features becoming well-defined within hours and strong outflow developing around the storm.[10]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hurricane_Fred_showing_proximity_to_Africa.jpg/220px-Hurricane_Fred_showing_proximity_to_Africa.jpg)
By the afternoon of September 8, an
Hours after attaining its peak intensity, Fred began to weaken as clouds began to fill the eye. By this time, the hurricane was beginning to turn toward the northwest as a
On September 13, despite being in an extremely hostile environment with very high wind shear, convection redeveloped near the center of Fred, and regeneration into a tropical cyclone was seen as a possibility.[24] Two days later, the NHC noted that environmental conditions could become marginally favorable for redevelopment of the system.[25] On September 16, the circulation of Fred became less defined and only intermittent convection persisted around the system.[26] By September 17, the remnant circulation became increasingly disorganized and the system dissipated later that day without regenerating into a tropical cyclone.[27][28] However, several hours later, a new area of low pressure formed in association with the remnants of Fred roughly 525 mi (845 km) south of Bermuda.[29] The remnant low finally dissipated on September 19, roughly 520 mi (835 km) southwest of Bermuda.[1]
Remnant moisture from Hurricane Fred contributed to the 2009 Southeastern United States floods, which caused 10 fatalities and produced damages estimated at $250 million.[30]
Historical perspective and impact
Over the years that the Atlantic hurricane basin has been thoroughly studied since 1851, there was only one other storm prior to Hurricane Fred to attain Category 3 intensity south of
Several hours before being declared a tropical depression, the precursor to Fred produced moderate rainfall and gusty winds across the southern
See also
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Timeline of the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season
- Hurricane Frances (1980)
- Hurricane Julia (2010)
- Hurricane Fred (2015) – became the easternmost Atlantic hurricane before moving through Cape Verde
References
- ^ a b c Michael J. Brennan (October 23, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 2, 2009.
- ^ Richard Pasch (September 6, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Richard Pasch (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Daniel Brown (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Daniel Brown (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Depression Seven Public Advisory One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
- ^ Daniel Brown (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Depression Seven Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
- ^ Michael Brennan (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Public Advisory Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Oficina Nacional de Meteorología, Centro de Información Huracanes (2004). "Reports of hurricanes, tropical storms, tropical disturbances and related flooding during 2003" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2005. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Michael Brennan (September 7, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Richard Pasch (September 8, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Three". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (September 8, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Five". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Robbie Berg (September 8, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Public Advisory Six". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ a b Richard Pasch (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Richard Pasch (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Forecast Advisory Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ a b c d Eric Blake (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Eight". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Public Advisory Eight". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Nine". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Robbie Berg (September 9, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Ten". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Lixion A. Avila (September 10, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Thirteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Robbie Berg (September 10, 2009). "Hurricane Fred Discussion Fourteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Lixion A. Avila (September 11, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Seventeen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (September 12, 2009). "Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Nineteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Todd Kimberlain (September 12, 2009). "Tropical Depression Fred Discussion Twenty-One (Final)". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ "Tropical Weather Outlook (update)". National Hurricane Center. September 13, 2009. Archived from the original on August 25, 2009. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
- ^ Daniel Brown (September 15, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 17, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Eric Blake (September 16, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 17, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Lixion A. Avila (September 17, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 17, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Daniel Brown (September 17, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 17, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Jack Beven (September 17, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 17, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "RPT-U.S. flood damage in Georgia to top $250 mln". Reuters. September 23, 2009.
- ^ a b Hurricane Specialists Unit (2009). "Easy to Read HURDAT 1851-2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
- ^ John L. Beven and Christopher W. Landsea (December 9, 2010). "Hurricane Julia Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ^ Local Resident of Praia, Cape Verde (September 7, 2009). "Weather History for Praia, Cape Verde on September 7". Weather Underground. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
- ^ Staff Writer (September 8, 2009). "TACV e Halcyonair cancelam voos devido ao mau tempo". A Semana (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2009.