Industry of Iran

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Iran has a broad and diversified industrial base. In 1998, the United Nations classified Iran's economy as semi-developed.

According to a report by The Economist, Iran has been ranked 39th for producing $23 billion of industrial products in 2008.[1] From 2008 to 2009 Iran has leaped to 28th place from 69th place in annual industrial production growth rate.[2]

The

petrochemical industries. As of 2011, some 66 Iranian industrial companies are carrying out projects in 27 countries.[4] Iran has exported over $20 billion worth of technical and engineering services over 2001–2011.[5] The availability of local raw materials, rich mineral reserves, experienced manpower have all collectively played crucial role in winning the international bids.[6]

Ministry of Industries and Mines

Main article: Ministry of Industries and Mines (Iran)
See also:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran

Ministry of Industries and Mines is in charge of facilitating the expansion and promotion of industrial and mineral policies. The Ministry is also in charge of centralization and integration of policy making in the industrial and mining sector. Finally, this Ministry regulates all strategies, policies and plans relevant to the industrial and

industrial parks and zones.[9]

Small and medium enterprises

See also:
Venture capital in Iran, and Private sector in science and technology in Iran
Economic complexity index for Iran (1964–2014)

As of 2014, 81,000 small industrial units employed more than 1 million workers in Iran.

knowledge-based firms accounting for 70,000 jobs and $6.6 billion in revenue.[14]

As of 2019, 43,650 SMEs were based in over 800 industrial parks in Iran, of which nearly 78 percent or 33,800 were active (1,100 of those SMEs are exporting domestic products to global markets).[15]

A 2003-report made by

skilled labor, lack of intellectual property protection, shortage of research centers, lack of social capital, social learning, social responsibility and socio-cultural values.[16]

Despite these problems, recent studies[

industrialized country.[17]

Production statistics

See also:
Labor and tax laws in Iran
Iran Khodro is the largest car manufacturer in the Middle-East. It has established joint-ventures with foreign partners on 4 continents.

Tehran is the economic centre of Iran.[18] About 30% of Iran's public-sector workforce and 45% of large industrial firms are located in Tehran and almost half of these workers work for the government.[19]

Production of selected industrial goods
Source: Ministry of Commerce (Iran)[7][20]
2003 2001 1999 Unit Product
26390 18180 12699 Ton Preserved fish

(tuna & sardine)

1264915 801395 671346 Ton Pasteurized milk
1179139 852353 950555 Ton Vegetable oil
1495 1113 923 Ton Sugar
4976 4818 4418 Thousand tons Non-alcoholic

carbonated drink (except buttermilk)

112 60 000 Million bottles Barley decoction
13873 13359 20143 Million each Cigarette
293188 388790 227599 Ton Thread
396 551 385 Million meters Finished fabric
41195 51875 33933 Thousand square meters Machine woven

carpet

81286 43014 41676 Thousand square meters Unwoven textile

floor covering

11918 8166 5696 Thousand each Blanket
390210 315502 359037 Ton Paper
360017 306249 321232 Ton Detergent
60607 75918 74984 Ton Soap
1654 2351 2665 Million boxes Matches
28241 24755 22219 Thousand ton Cement
103867 76827 64105 Thousand square meters Tiles and ceramic
490 346 342 Each Combine
15377 12208 5173 Each Tractor
1505 612 532 Each Road construction

machinery

447063 212664 182504 Each Washing machine
13624 24559 21198 Thousand each Electric sockets

and switches

399692 129256 114399 Each Radio sets and

record players

858190 807964 860403 Each Color TV sets
832420 933741 599701 Each Water counter
1189912 906671 842063 Each Electricity counters
663164 332643 194366 Each Motor cars
1075 328 353 Each Ambulances
12779 4303 3938 Each Trucks and lorries
4460 1643 3783 Each Buses
537 3226 940 Each Mini buses
69036 46639 38508 Each Vans and Mini

vans

Food industry

See also:
Customs Administration in Iran

The sector also employs approximately 328,000 people or 16.1% of the entire industry sector's workforce.

Buhler Group is a leading supplier of industrial equipment to Iran's food industry.[citation needed
]

Retail industry

See also:
Smuggling in Iran

At present the Iranian retail industry is largely in the hands of cooperatives, many of them government-sponsored, and of independent retailers in the bazaars. The bulk of food sales occur at street markets, where the Chief Statistics Bureau sets the prices.[24]

Behpakhsh Co., Golrang Pakhsh and Ghasem Iran are the largest

distribution companies in Iran.[25] Ghasem provides more than 80,000 retailers with their requirements of consumer goods within the territories of Iran, Afghanistan, and Iraq
.

Iran has 438,478 small grocery retailers.

Migros Turk has also announced that it intends to invest in Iran's lucrative retail market. In 2010, a state-linked technology group (the Rouyesh Technical Centre) established the country's first online supermarket.[29]

Imports still account for a considerable proportion of

consumer expenditures and disposable income are respectively projected to be $176.4 billion and $287 billion.[31]

Before the

revolution in 1979, Iran was a major importer of Western apparel and foreign-manufactured consumer goods. Even now Iran is no stranger to Western retail influences, with numerous brands and goods available in shopping centers and outlets on Kish Island. Latest major shopping centers constructed in Iran as of 2017 are:[32]

  1. Isfahan City Center (5 million square feet) with 750 units;
  2. Persian Gulf Complex (4.8 million square feet) with 2,500 units;
  3. Iran Mall (21
  4.  million square feet);
  5. Tehran Mall (1.6 million square feet) with 500 units;
  6. Atlas Mall (1.5 million square feet) with 308 units;
  7. Palladium Mall (1.1 million square feet) with 105 units;
  8. Laleh Park Shopping Center (985,000 square feet) with 126 units;
  9. Arg Complex (840,000 square feet) with 200 units;
  10. Oxin City Center (540,000 square feet) with 100 units.

The Supreme Leader of Iran has repeatedly urged Iranians to consume more domestically produced goods over imported ones to support the resistance economy and import substitution industrialization.[citation needed]

Locomotive production line of Wagon Pars Company

Brands

According to research study,

press.[33]

Automotive industry

Main articles: Automotive industry in Iran and Iranian railway industry
See also:
MLC (Mapna Locomotive Engineering and Manufacturing Company)
EF7 Iran-made engines

Iran's automotive industry is the second most active industry of the country, after its oil and gas industry.

joint-ventures with foreign partners on 4 continents. Iran is the 12th largest automaker in the world
.

Defense industry

Main articles:
Iranian defense industry, Defense Industries Organization, and List of military equipment manufactured in Iran

The

fighter plane.[35] According to Iranian officials, the country sold $100 million worth of military equipment in 2003, including NATO members,[36] and as of 2006 had exported weapons to 57 countries.[37][38]

In a conference, Iran's Deputy Minister of Defense said: Iran's military products exports from March 2022 to March 2023 have reached about one billion dollars.[39]

Construction industry

Main articles:
List of reservoirs and dams in Iran
See also:
Khatam al-Anbia
HEPCO wheel loaders

Construction is one of the most important sectors in Iran accounting for 20–50% of the total private investment. The

technologies and fast-pace project execution, a larger portion of the housing market is accessible.[citation needed] This is also true for new construction materials and technological advances.[citation needed
]

Mining and metals

Main articles: Mining in Iran and IMIDRO

Iran is one of the most important mineral producers in the world, ranked among 15 major mineral-rich countries.[40] The country holds 68 types of minerals, including chrome, lead, zinc, copper, coal, gold, tin and iron.[citation needed]

Textiles and apparel industry

See also:
Customs Administration in Iran
So-called Salting carpet, wool, silk and metal thread. about 1600

Textile mills, based on domestic cotton and wool such as Tehran Patou and Iran Termeh, among others, employed about 400,000 people in 2000 and are centered in Tehran, Isfahan and along the Caspian coast. Iran, with a population of 70 million, requires 1.4 billion square meters of textiles annually.[41][42] Overseas companies smuggle illegal textiles and apparel into Iran at a rate that is decimating Iran textile manufacturers and costing Iranian jobs. The annual textile production has been restricted to 800 million square meters.[citation needed
]

Growth of the textile industry components, 1995–2000
Industry components Workforce, 1995 Workforce, 2000 Share in total manufacturing employment, 1995 (percent) Share in total manufacturing employment, 2000 (percent)
Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles 112,714 107,565 14.2 12.0
Other textiles (line, jute, etc.) 30,879 31,794 3.9 3.5
Knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles 3,631 2,459 0.5 0.5
Wearing apparel, except fur apparel 8,608 4,800 1.1 0.5

Source: United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)[20]

Further information:

An Iranian woman with made in Iran leather boots. Iran has an advanced leather industry for women's clothing, however, it needs technology development for export.[43]

Iran’s modern

black leather can be found all over the region.[44]

Aviation industry

Main articles:
Airlines of Iran, Iran Aviation Industries Organization, and Iranian Space Agency
See also:
SAHA (Iran aviation)

Iran is producing 59-seat aircraft inside the country such as

HESA IrAn-140 with the help of Russia and Ukraine and it will shift focus to 90 to 120-seat airplanes in the next step.[citation needed] Iran also produces military attack aircraft such as HESA Saeqeh. With a population of 70 million, Iran needs to have 6,300 airplanes while it does not possess more than nine aircraft for every one million individuals.[45]

Pharmaceuticals and healthcare industry

Inside Aryogen, production line for AryoSeven
AryoGen
Main article: Pharmaceuticals in Iran
See also: Darou Pakhsh

The pharmaceutical industry in Iran began in its modern form in 1920 when the

pharmaceutical production capability, however, the country still relies on imports for raw materials and many specialized drugs.[46] In 2009, Iran exported $74 million worth of "medical products" to countries such as Iraq, Afghanistan and Russia.[47]

Oil, gas and petrochemicals

Main articles:
National Iranian Petrochemical Company, and National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company
Machine Sazi Arak
See also:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran

Iran's oil and gas industry is the most active industry of the country.[34] Iran has the fourth largest reserves of oil and second largest reserves of gas in the world.

Domestic production of equipment in the nation's upstream oil industries has grown four-fold in as many years while procurement of equipment and goods accounts for around 60 to 65 percent of any oil project. Iran manufactures 60–70% of its industrial equipment domestically, including various turbines, pumps, catalysts, refineries, oil tankers, drilling rigs, offshore platforms and exploration instruments.[48][49][50][51][52]

Power

Main articles:
MAPNA, AzarAb Industries, and Machine Sazi Arak

Iran has become self-sufficient in designing, building and operating dams and power plants and it has won a good number of international bids in competition with foreign firms.[53][54] Iran is one of the six countries in the world that manufacture gas and steam powered turbines.[55]

Electronics and computer industry

See also: Iran Electronics Industries, Consumer electronics in Iran, and Maadiran Group

smart phones and 3G handsets).[56][57] Business Monitor International (BMI) forecasts that Iran's demands for domestic consumer electronic devices will reach $10 billion by 2013.[56]

Telecommunications

Main articles:
Internet in Iran, and Telecommunication Company of Iran

Iran is among the first five countries which have had a growth rate of over 20% and the highest level of development in telecommunication.[58][59] Iran's Ministry of Communication and Information Technology along with TCI are developing the landline telephone network in the towns of Karbala and Najaf in Iraq.[60]

Banking industry

Main articles:
Banking and Insurance in Iran and Central Bank of Iran

Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, and the potential market is $4 trillion.[61][62]
Iran,
Bank Melli, Saderat and Sepah are Iran's three largest banks.[64]

Tourism industry

Main article: Tourism in Iran

Officials state that Iran has in recent years[

water therapy
).

Main articles:
ISOICO
See also:
Ghadir Class Submarine

Over the next two decades, Iran would need 500 new ships, including 120 oil tankers, 40 liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers and over 300 commercial vessels.[65] In 2009, in a move aimed at further enhancing Iran's shipbuilding industry, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said he will ban the purchase of foreign ships by Iranian organizations.[citation needed] The Ministry of Commerce has confirmed that Iran is able to build all its needed sea fleets inside the country.[66] Iran's SADRA launched its first Aframax oil tanker made for Venezuela in 2012.[citation needed]

Machine tools

See also:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran

Machine Sazi Tabriz Group has managed to manufacture machines such as VMC850, VMC 1050, FP4ME, TME40NEW, and TC-20 HF and it has exported turning and milling machineries worth €1.5 million to Germany, Austria, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Malaysia during 2011.[67]

See also

References

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