Ion Buzdugan
Ion Alion Buzdugan | |
---|---|
Assembly of Deputies | |
In office November 1919 – May 1925 | |
In office June 1926 – July 1932 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Ivan Alexandrovici Buzdâga March 9, 1887 Communist Romania |
Nationality | Romanian |
Political party | National Moldavian Party (1917) Socialist Revolutionary Party (1917) Bessarabian Peasants' Party (1918) Peasants' Party (1921) National Peasants' Party (1926) Peasants' Party–Lupu (1927) Democratic Nationalist Party (ca. 1933) Romanian Front (1935) |
Profession | Poet, folklorist, translator, schoolteacher, journalist, lawyer |
Nickname | Nică Romanaș |
Ion Alion Buzdugan
In interwar
His political activity made him a target of repression under the
Biography
Early years
According to updated reference works, the future Ion Buzdugan was born in 1887 in
Influenced to some degree by the work of Mihai Eminescu,[11] he began writing his own poetry, published in Bessarabian magazines from 1905, under the pseudonym Nică Romanaș (or Românaș, "Nică the Romanian Fella").[12][13] Other pen names he used include B. Cogâlnic, Ion Câmpeanu, and I. Dumbrăveanu.[14] He became involved with the groups of Romanian nationalists then forming in the Governorate, writing for their newspaper Basarabia, and, while in Kamianets, establishing contacts with the Romanians east of Bessarabia.[15]
In 1907–1909, a schoolteacher in
Buzdugan volunteered as an officer in the
National Moldavian Party
After March 13, 1917, both Buzdugan and Pântea became members of Paul Gore's National Moldavian Party (PNM), the driving force of Romanian nationalism in the former Governorate, and were co-opted on its steering committee.[24] However, as later noted by the party colleague Pan Halippa, Buzdugan was categorically opposed to the PNM's right-wing, which looked to "Bessarabia's secession from Russia and her Union with Romania."[25] Taken by the Russian army to Iași, the provisional Romanian capital, he befriended Mihail Sadoveanu and other contributors to România newspaper. His mailing address was the paper's headquarters, which was also the domicile of playwright Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea.[26] He therefore kept contact with the Romanian nationalists, including the historian Nicolae Iorga. Iorga recalled that Buzdugan was agitated in favor of socialist reforms and critical of the Romanian King Ferdinand I, somewhat supportive of a Russian-backed uprising, and favoring mass desertion.[27] At the time, he spoke a "picturesque" Moldavian dialect, mixed with Russian neologisms.[28]
On April 10, Buzdugan attended the Bessarabian Schoolteachers' Congress, presided upon by
Buzdugan,
According to Iorga, Buzdugan was already going through a "taming" process, and warned the Romanians that Russian radicals were plotting a coup.[36] Buzdugan himself claimed to have met a congratulatory King Ferdinand, using the occasion to press him for a nationwide land reform.[26] In late October 1917, he participated in the Moldavian Soldiers' Congress of Chișinău, where it was decided to form Sfatul Țării, the Bessarabian legislature. During the proceedings, Buzdugan and Toma Jalbă insisted in favor of annexing to Bessarabia the Romanian-speaking areas east of the river Dniester (Nistru); although this failed to occur, their speeches were welcomed with applause by other delegates.[37] The Congress appointed him to an Organizational Bureau that also comprised Halippa, Ion Inculeț, Teofil Ioncu, and Pantelimon Erhan. It was the provisional governing body of the region, and wrote down that laws and regulations for the legislative election of that month.[38]
Buzdugan himself was elected to Sfatul Țării, representing
In November 1917, during the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, Buzdugan was one of the secretaries of Bessarabian Soldiers' Congress, part of a presidium headed by Vasile Cijevschi. This assembly voted favorably on the region's emancipation, referencing the right to self-determination.[43] In December, Sfatul proclaimed the Moldavian Democratic Republic, a quasi-independent state. Pelivan and his "godsons", who were pushing for the union with Romania, found themselves harassed by Bolshevik groups such as Front-Odel (confederated with the Rumcherod and loyal to the new Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic). They began preparing for an armed confrontation.[44] Buzdugan and Scobioală also acted as liaisons between the Romanian Land Forces, under Constantin Prezan, and the White Russians, represented locally by Dmitry Shcherbachev of the 7th Army.[45]
Union process
Eventually, disguised as Russian soldiers, and accompanied by sailor Vasile Gafencu, the "godsons" left Chișinău and headed for Iași, where they contacted the Romanian Army.[46] On January 12, the Romanians, under General Ernest Broșteanu, crossed the border to suppress the Bolshevik uprising (see Romanian military intervention in Bessarabia). Buzdugan, with Crihan, Pelivan, Gafencu, Țanțu and Gheorghe Buruiană, followed them closely.[47] Later sources suggest that Buzdugan and his Moldavian Committee set up a unit of the Republican Army, which reportedly fought against the Bolsheviks during subsequent skirmishes.[48]
When the act of union as put up for debate in the Sfatul session of April 9 [O.S. March 27], 1918, Buzdugan was among the 86-member majority who voted in favor.[49] During the preliminary talks, he had seconded the Romanian Prime Minister, Alexandru Marghiloman, reassuring the Peasant Faction, and Inculeț, that land reform would be enacted in Romania.[50] By then a leader of the Moldavian Bloc, he urged his colleagues to support union as stemming from "the principle of self-determination", and "the most revolutionary act in the history of our people".[51] As Sfatul Secretary, together with Inculeț, the President of the Republic, and Halippa, the Vice President, he signed into law the union proclamation.[52] Buzdugan was also the one selected to read the proclamation in the plenum session.[4][13][29]
Buzdugan was working on a volume of patriotic poetry, which came out that year as Țara mea ("My Country").
In his last days as a Sfatul deputy, Buzdugan signed a protest addressed to the Romanian government of Ion I. C. Brătianu, citing cases of abuse by the Gendarme "satraps", including their alleged embezzlement of welfare supplies. The document warned that the nation was "nowhere near to moral unity, to the one guarantee that formal union would be strengthened".[59] From January 1919, he was among the founders of a credit union, formed to assist Bessarabian peasants in view of the land reform. Its steering committee also included Halippa, Buruiană, Crihan, Vasile Bârcă, Teofil Ioncu, Vasile Mândrescu, Mihail Minciună, and Nicolae Suruceanu.[60]
Beginnings in Greater Romania
On April 27, Buzdugan and many of his credit union colleagues rallied with the PNM's successor, the
He shared his party's opposition to the policies of the new
His literary career took off, and his subsequent poetic work was soon taken up in literary newspapers and magazines all across Greater Romania. These include:
Made a Commander of both the
His poems, several of which dealt with themes of national fulfillment addressed to "Mother-Country",[73] were often in dialect. According to literary historian George Călinescu, they "sound to us like the French-Canadian language must sound to the French."[74] Iorga described them as an expression of the "primitive but powerful soul", with rhymes of "patient naivete", and overall "vastly superior" to those of Alexei Mateevici.[75] Eugen Lovinescu, the modernist doyen, found Miresme din stepă to be almost entirely "un-literary", only valid as "proofs of Romanian cultural continuity during a time of alienation": "we can only approach [the book] for its cultural interest and while numbing our aesthetic scruples."[76] A similar point was made by Șerban Cioculescu: "I. Buzdugan's poems cannot be said to be attractive in their beauty. All elements are lacking: no sensitivity, no imagination, no originality of ideas or artistic forms." He described Cântece din stepă as derivative from the works of Octavian Goga or Vasile Alecsandri, and instructive as to the comparative underdevelopment of Bessarabian literature. Cioculescu also noted that Buzdugan had not mastered Romanian grammar, his spelling errors "all too numerous to be disregarded."[69]
As noted by critic Răzvan Voncu, Buzdugan's lyrical contribution stands for neo-traditionalism, in the manner of Gândirea writers, but is "spontaneous" and without influence from Expressionism. Voncu rates Buzdugan as a "second-shelf" traditionalist—ranking below Adrian Maniu or Aron Cotruș, but more valuable than Sandu Tudor, Radu Gyr, or Vintilă Ciocâlteu.[13] According to writer Ion Țurcanu, his sonnet Păstorii ("The Shepherds") is "of exceptional quality", with its "expression of the rustic universe" and its grasp of "the unsuspected materialness of silence." However, "it is hard to comprehend why this literary phenomenon, that is a credit to Romanian literature, remains rather singular in Buzdugan's work, and why he never made it as greater-caliber poet."[77]
PNȚ and PȚ–L
Reelected to the Assembly as one of the PȚ representatives for Bessarabia, Buzdugan focused on agrarian issues such as the liquidation of the
His later speeches about Bessarabian unionism "universally ignored",[84] Buzdugan continued to point out cases of abuse and corruption in his native region, protesting against the sentencing by a court-martial of his fellow deputy Gheorghe Zbornea,[85] and warning that such displays weakened anti-communism in the region.[86] His conflict with the Brătianu government became acute, with Buzdugan fully supporting Stere, who was sidelined by the majority deputies: reportedly, the poet-politician Goga threatened Buzdugan with a revolver during the session of May 4, 1925.[87] On May 17, he took part in the opposition congress at Dacia Hall, alongside Peasantist and Democratic Nationalist figures, with Communist Party men present in the audience. This meeting was broken up by the army, and Buzdugan, although defended by Iorga, found himself stripped of his deputy's seat on May 19.[88]
Buzdugan followed Halippa and Pelivan into National Peasants' Party (PNȚ), formed from the PȚ's merger with the Romanian National Party. Reelected in June 1926, he became noted for his antisemitic outbursts, taking the rostrum to address the issue of anti-Jewish disturbances at Cernăuți. Scholar Irina Livezeanu describes Buzdugan's speech as one "studded with anti-Semitic buzzwords" and "racist commonplaces". He accused the Jews of provoking vague acts of violence to "harm Romania"; however, taking sides with the National-Christian Defense League students, he warned that the Jews could expect pogroms to occur.[89] In February 1927, he defected to the Peasants' Party–Lupu (PȚ–L), serving on its executive committee alongside figures such as Nicolae L. Lupu and Ioan Pangal.[90]
During the 10th anniversary of the Bessarabian union, Buzdugan showed himself optimistic about the prospects of the region, against Halippa and Ioncu, who shared a bleaker outlook.[91] In November 1928, at another festive meeting of the former Sfatul deputies, he clashed with Stere, who demanded that a resolution be adopted in support of "people's liberties", and against the "exceptional laws". Buzdugan reproached Stere: "So you came here for politicking."[92] In his new term in the Assembly after the 1928 election, he took a position against Bessarabian autonomism, describing it as a "Russian formula" and a "worrisome" threat.[93] Buzdugan also questioned the PNȚ government over its alleged tolerance of communist and pro-Soviet activities in Bessarabia.[94] Nevertheless, he endorsed decentralization of the lesser government bodies, "for it won't do that someone should have to travel back and forth from Bessarabia to Bucharest".[95]
Iorga cabinet and Romanian Front
Buzdugan was active with Pântea within the Union of Reserve Officers, which collaborated with the
Co-opted by Iorga during his technocratic administration of 1931–1932, he served as Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. As Iorga recounts, Buzdugan and Vladimir Cristi were imposed on him by a Bessarabian "bloc" of deputies, "who wished to have their representative in Government"—this was against rumors that he was personally close to Buzdugan and intended to make him his son-in-law.[101] In order to join the government in January 1932, Buzdugan quarrelled with Lupu and the PȚ–L, who remained in the opposition.[102] He also defeated Pântea for the position, although the latter was a favorite of the new king, Carol II. Buzdugan depicted Pântea as an unreliable former Bolshevik, and also as a pawn of the National Liberals.[103] At the time, Pamfil Șeicaru and Curentul daily mounted a campaign against Buzdugan, alleging that he had illegally pocketed money from the industrial concern in Bălți. He responded by suing Șeicaru.[104]
By May 1932, Buzdugan had been singled out by Carol II as one of the "ridiculous" government members whom Iorga was ordered to replace; he handed in his resignation "dignified, without any expectations."
After introducing the Romanian public to the Russian avant-garde (with translations that Iorga deems "very good"),[109] Buzdugan focused on the works of Pushkin, publishing in Gândirea a rendition of his "Gypsies" (1935). At the time, scholar Eufrosina Dvoichenko described it as "the best" of several Romanian attempts to translate the poem.[110] In 1937, he produced a new volume of his own poems, Păstori de timpuri ("Time-herders").[13][70] A contributor to Halippa's Viața Basarabiei magazine, in 1939 he became a co-founder of the Bessarabian Writers' Society.[111] However, according to sociologist Petru Negură, Buzdugan's verse was entirely backward and irrelevant by 1930: "Just as agriculturalists were facing the devastating effects of the Great Depression, the peasants depicted in poems by Pan Halippa or Ion Buzdugan [...] continued to cultivate their land with love and judiciousness."[112]
Buzdugan escaped Bessarabia following the
Repression and death
Even before the official establishment of a
From 1948, Buzdugan escaped threats of arrest by hiding in an attic at
From ca. 1955, when Romanian communism turned increasingly nationalist and anti-Soviet, Buzdugan was allowed a quiet return to publishing, but had to limit himself to translation work.[13] His earlier volumes had been taken out of the public libraries, along with many other books referencing Bessarabia.[119] In 1956, Steaua magazine hosted Buzdugan's version of Pushkin's "To Ovid".[120] Reportedly, he claimed to have authored a translation of Boris Godunov, stolen from him by the regime's poet-laureate, Victor Eftimiu.[121] Using the pseudonym B. I. Alion, he published in 1962 a version of Maxim Gorky's tale, "A Girl and Death".[14] His other contributions were renditions from Blok, Bunin, Kotsiubynsky, Lermontov, Shevchenko, and Yesenin.[13]
Terminally ill with cancer,
Despite the mood of liberalization in the 1950s and '60s, Buzdugan's name was rarely invoked in print before the
Notes
- ^ Full variant given by Buzdugan himself in the 1950s. See N. Scurtu, p. 86
- ^ Călinescu, p. 1036; Colesnic, pp. 409, 438; Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 65; Sasu, p. 244
- ^ a b Onisifor Ghibu, "Trei luni din viața Basarabiei", in Societatea de Mâine, Nr. 13/1924, p. 283
- ^ ASTRA), Nr. 4/2009, p. 14
- ^ Sasu, p. 244
- ^ a b c d e Zeletin (2012), p. 41
- ^ OCLC 252801505
- ^ Sasu, pp. 244–245. See also Basciani, p. 100; Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 188; Grigurcu, pp. 123–124
- ^ Zeletin (2012), p. 42
- ^ Basciani, p. 100
- ^ (in Romanian) Cassian Maria Spiridon, "Eminescu la 1939"}, in Convorbiri Literare, January 2004
- ^ Iorga, O viață..., p. 270
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m (in Romanian) Răzvan Voncu, "O revelație: Ion Buzdugan" Archived 2023-02-19 at the Wayback Machine, in România Literară, Nr. 25/2015
- ^ a b c d Sasu, p. 245
- ^ Constantin & Negrei (2009), pp. 65, 188
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 70–73
- ^ Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 188
- ^ a b "Însemnări literare", in Sburătorul, Nr. 14/1921, p. 344
- ^ Colesnic, pp. 248, 407, 438–439, 443
- ^ Suveică, p. 68
- ^ Constantin & Negrei (2009), pp. 88–89
- ^ Zeletin (2012), pp. 40–43
- ^ Grigurcu, p. 124; Zeletin (2012), p. 41
- ^ Cemârtan, p. 123
- ^ Colesnic, p. 438
- ^ a b Zeletin (2012), p. 43
- ^ Iorga, O viață..., pp. 270–272, 276
- ^ Iorga, O viață..., p. 271
- ^ a b c Zeletin (2012), p. 39
- ^ Basciani, p. 81; Zeletin (2012), p. 39
- ^ Colesnic, p. 248
- ^ Sasu, p. 433
- ^ Constantin, p. 37
- ^ Constantin, pp. 43–44
- ^ Colesnic, p. 250; Constantin, pp. 43–44, 355; Sasu, p. 245
- ^ Iorga, O viață..., pp. 270, 272. See also Grigurcu, p. 124; Zeletin (2012), pp. 43–44
- ^ Constantin, p. 54
- ^ Constantin, pp. 53–56; Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 87–90
- ^ Clark, p. 151
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 89–90, 92–94. See also Colesnic, p. 407
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 92–93
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 93–94
- ISBN 978-83-62495-28-3
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 115–116
- ^ Pantelimon V. Sinadino, "Cu Sfatul țării, în vremuri grele", in Magazin Istoric, March 2008, p. 13
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 116–119
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), p. 122
- ASTRA), Nr. 1/2015, pp. 28–29
- ^ Basciani, pp. 100–101; Clark, pp. 150–157; Măcriș, pp. 101–103
- ^ Basciani, pp. 100–101
- ^ Măcriș, p. 101
- ^ The Roumanian Occupation..., pp. 64–66; Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 134; Măcriș, pp. 102–103
- ^ Călinescu, p. 1029
- ^ Suveică, pp. 140, 318
- ^ The Roumanian Occupation..., p. 105
- ^ Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 3; Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 130–142
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), p. 134
- ^ Constantin et al. (2011), pp. 137; Iorga (1930), p. 126
- ^ Basciani, pp. 107–108
- ^ "Informațiuni", in Unirea. Ziar Național, Nr. 17/1919, p. 2
- ^ Cemârtan, pp. 127–128, 138
- ^ Iorga (1930), p. 375
- ^ Suveică, p. 87
- ^ Cemârtan, pp. 137, 140–141
- ^ Cemârtan, p. 138. See also Basciani, pp. 170–171
- ^ Iorga, Istoria..., p. 262
- ^ Basciani, p. 100; Sasu, p. 245
- ^ Iorga Istoria..., pp. 293–294
- ^ a b (in Romanian) "O uitată recenzie a lui Șerban Cioculescu despre Cântece din stepă de Ion Buzdugan", in Litere, Nr. 11–12/2013, pp. 41–42
- ^ a b Călinescu, p. 1029; Sasu, p. 245
- ^ "Cronici. Premiile literare", in Gândirea, Nr. 6/1923, p. 130
- ^ (in Romanian) Leonidas Rados, "Un proiect interbelic eșuat: Mélanges Russo (1929–1930)" Archived 2015-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, in Anuarul Institutului de Istorie George Barițiu. Series Historica, 2010, p. 266
- ^ Grigurcu, pp. 214–215
- ^ Călinescu, p. 941
- ^ Iorga, Istoria..., p. 293
- ^ Eugen Lovinescu, Istoria literaturii române contemporane, II. Evoluția poeziei lirice, pp. 84–85. Bucharest: Editura Ancona, 1927
- ^ a b (in Romanian) Ion Țurcanu, "Poezia basarabeană din interbelic", in Convorbiri Literare, June 2006
- ^ Suveică, p. 230
- ^ Iorga (1939, IV), pp. 113–114
- ^ Colesnic, p. 213
- ^ Filipescu (2009), pp. 241, 250
- ^ Filipescu (2006), pp. 74, 79–80
- ^ Filipescu (2009), p. 242. See also Grigurcu, p. 124
- ^ Iorga (1939, IV), pp. 45–46
- ^ Basciani, p. 210
- ^ Filipescu (2006), pp. 76–77
- ^ Iorga (1939, V), pp. 18–20
- ^ Iorga (1939, V), pp. 24–26
- ISBN 0-8014-8688-2
- ^ Ioan Scurtu, "Întemeierea și activitatea Partidului Țărănesc — dr. N. Lupu (1927—1934)", in Revista de Istorie, Nr. 5/1976, p. 699
- ^ Basciani, pp. 254–255
- ^ Dinu Poștarencu, "Date inedite din biografia lui Constantin Stere", in Anuarul Muzeului Literaturii Române Iași, Vol. III, 2010, pp. 58–59
- ^ Suveică, pp. 199–200
- ^ Iorga (1939, V), pp. 329–330
- ^ Suveică, p. 199
- ^ Colesnic, pp. 390–391
- ^ a b (in Romanian) Igor Cașu, "Arhivele comunismului. Cum era urmărită elita militară a Basarabiei de poliția politică sovietică", in Adevărul Moldova, January 19, 2011
- ISBN 3-447-05248-1
- ^ Iorga (1939, VI), p. 12
- ^ "Adunarea Deputaților. Sesiunea Extraordinară 1931", in Înfrățirea Românească, Nr. 21/1931, p. 205
- OCLC 45882093
- ^ Iorga (1939, VI), p. 99
- ^ Iorga (1939, VI), pp. 284–285, 288
- ^ Iorga (1939, VI), pp. 286, 288, 290–291
- ^ Iorga (1939, VI), pp. 385–386, 390
- ISBN 978-606-8619-03-3
- ^ "Asistența", in Nicolae Iorga, Cuvântarea ținută la Întrunirea Comitetului executiv al Partidului Naționalist-Democrat de la 21 Ianuarie 1934, p. 26. Bucharest: Democratic Nationalist Party & Tipografia Ziarului Universul, 1934
- ISBN 0-203-92817-2
- ^ Iorga Istoria..., p. 294
- ^ E. Dvoicenco, "Influența lui Pușkin asupra scriitorilor români", in Revista Fundațiilor Regale, Nr. 10/1937, pp. 70–71
- ^ Aliona Grati, "Magda Isanos: 'Între minutu-acesta care bate/și celălalt...'", in Akademos, Nr. 1/2016, pp. 147, 148, 151
- ^ Petru Negură, "Les «idéologies bessarabiennes». Les écrivains bessarabiens des années 1930, entre régionalisme culturel et quête d'identité nationale", in Pontes. Review of South East European Studies, Vol. 5, 2009, p. 171
- ^ Constantin, p. 91
- ISBN 978-973-46-2065-4
- ^ Zeletin (2012), pp. 40, 41
- ^ N. Scurtu, pp. 85–86, 88
- ^ N. Scurtu, pp. 87–88
- ^ C. D. Zeletin, "O carte de excepție privitoare la Ion Barbu (I)", in Ateneu, Nr. 10/2011, p. 8
- ^ (in Romanian) Liliana Corboca, "R. S. S. Moldovenească și cenzura românească", in Contrafort, Nr. 11–12/2008
- ^ (in Romanian) Mircea Tomuș, "O Junime clujeană" Archived 2015-10-06 at the Wayback Machine, in Convorbiri Literare, August 2010
- ^ C. D. Zeletin, "Amintirea lui Victor Eftimiu", in Acolada, Nr. 7–8/2010, p. 6
- ^ a b Grigurcu, p. 124
- ^ Sasu, p. 245; N. Scurtu, p. 85
- ^ Constantin, pp. 31, 192
- ^ Constantin & Negrei (2009), p. 238
- ^ Constantin, pp. 31, 192–193
- ^ Sasu, p. 245; Zeletin (2012), p. 41
- ^ (in Romanian) Ioana Pârvulescu, "Cartea din ecran" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, in România Literară, Nr. 34/2005
- ^ Aliona Grati, "Constelația 'Poeți din Basarabia' prin telescop sociologic", in Philologia, Vol. LIII, Nr. 1–2, January–April 2011, p. 165
- ^ Zeletin (2012), p. 44
- ^ Grigurcu, p. 123
References
- The Roumanian Occupation in Bessarabia. Documents. Paris: Imprimerie Lahure, [1920]. OCLC 690481196
- Alberto Basciani, La difficile unione. La Bessarabia e la Grande Romania, 1918–1940. Rome: Aracne Editore, 2007. ISBN 978-88-548-1248-2
- George Călinescu, Istoria literaturii române de la origini pînă în prezent. Bucharest: Editura Minerva, 1986.
- Andrei Cemârtan, "Le Parti des Paysans de Bessarabie et la rivalité entre Pantelimon Halippa et Ion Inculeț", in Codrul Cosminului, Vol. XVII, Issue 2, 2011, pp. 121–145.
- OCLC 1539999
- ISBN 978-9975-120-17-3
- Ion Constantin, Gherman Pântea între mit și realitate. Bucharest: Editura Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2010. ISBN 978-973-8369-83-2
- Ion Constantin, Ion Negrei, Pantelimon Halippa: tribun al Basarabiei. Bucharest: Editura Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2009. ISBN 978-973-8369-65-8
- Ion Constantin, Ion Negrei, Gheorghe Negru, Ion Pelivan, părinte al mișcării naționale din Basarabia. Bucharest: Editura Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2011. ISBN 978-606-8337-04-3
- Radu Filipescu,
- "Partidele parlamentare și problema comunismului (1919–1924)", in Annales Universitatis Apulensis, Series Historica, Vol. 10, Issue I, 2006, pp. 67–83.
- "Percepția frontierei româno–sovietice în parlamentul României (1919–1934)", in Acta Moldaviae Septentrionalis, Vols. VII-VIII, 2009, pp. 239–252.
- Gheorghe Grigurcu, "O conștiință a Basarabiei", in Philologia, Vol. LVI, Nr. 5–6, September–December 2014, pp. 123–125.
- Nicolae Iorga,
- Memorii, Vol. II: (Însemnări zilnice maiu 1917–mart 1920). Războiul național. Lupta pentru o nouă viață politică. Bucharest: OCLC 493897808
- Istoria literaturii românești contemporane. II: În căutarea fondului (1890–1934). Bucharest: Editura Adevĕrul, 1934.
- O viață de om. Așa cum a fost. Vol. II: Luptă. Bucharest: Editura N. Stroilă, 1934.
- Memorii. Vol. IV: Încoronarea și boala regelui. Bucharest: Editura Națională Ciornei, 1939. OCLC 493904950
- Memorii. Vol. V: Agonia regală și regența. Bucharest: Editura Naționala Ciornei, 1939. OCLC 935564396
- Memorii. Vol. VI: Încercarea guvernării peste partide: (1931–2). Vălenii de Munte: Datina Românească, 1939. OCLC 493905114
- Memorii, Vol. II: (Însemnări zilnice maiu 1917–mart 1920). Războiul național. Lupta pentru o nouă viață politică. Bucharest:
- Anatol Măcriș, Conspecte de istorie. Bucharest: ISBN 978-973-88768-4-2
- Aurel Sasu (ed.), Dicționarul biografic al literaturii române, Vol. I. Pitești: ISBN 973-697-758-7
- (in Romanian) Nicolae Scurtu, "Noi contribuții la bibliografia lui Ion Buzdugan", in Litere, Nr. 1/2014, pp. 85–88.
- Svetlana Suveică, Basarabia în primul deceniu interbelic (1918–1928): modernizare prin reforme. Monografii ANTIM VII. Chișinău: Editura Pontos, 2010. ISBN 978-9975-51-070-7
- C. D. Zeletin, "Taina poetului Ion Buzdugan", in Metaliteratură, Vol. 12, Issues 1–2, 2012, pp. 39–45.