Jakub Wygodzki

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Jakub Wygodzki
יעקב ויגודסקי
Max Soloveitchik
Personal details
Born(1857-06-03)June 3, 1857
Imperial Military Medical Academy
OccupationDoctor, political activist

Jakub Wygodzki (1856–1941;

1928. He died in the Lukiškės Prison during the first months of the German occupation of Lithuania during World War II
.

Biography

Early life and education

Wygodzki was born to a family of Hasidic Jews.[1] His family moved to Vilnius (Vilna, Wilno) in 1860[2] where his father was a merchant, supplying the local garrison of the Imperial Russian Army with clothes.[1] He was the eldest of seven brothers and received traditional Jewish education at a cheder.[1]

He studied at

Imperial Military Medical Academy in Saint Petersburg.[2] He was arrested for anti-Tsarist activities and involvement with a revolutionary group.[3] Later he studied medicine in Vienna, Berlin, Paris.[2] In 1884, he returned to Vilnius and established his practice as gynecologist and pediatrician.[1] He published medical articles in Russian and German journals.[3]

Activist in Vilnius

He joined Jewish cultural and political life. He was one of the first

Zionist activist in Vilnius and chaired their organization.[1] In 1905, during the Russian Revolution, he was one of the founding members of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) in Vilnius Region.[2] In 1908, he established and chaired the Union of Jewish Doctors. During World War I, he was a member of a Jewish relief committee[1] and established daily Yiddish newspaper Flugblat.[4] For anti-German protests, he was arrested by the German police in March 1917 and imprisoned in the Czersk POW camp until April 1918.[3]

He supported Lithuanian independence and, together with

Lithuanian Minister for Jewish Affairs. He held the post briefly as he did not evacuate from Vilnius with the rest of the government at the start of the Lithuanian–Soviet War. He was briefly imprisoned by the Bolsheviks.[1]

Second Polish Republic

In 1919, when

Yiddish languages. He was also a member of the Vilnius Council from 1919 to 1929.[2]

After the invasion of Poland in September 1940, Wygodzki organized relief for the Jewish refugees.[2] In June 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union and occupied the city. Wygodzki joined the pre-ghetto Judenrat on July 24.[5] He was arrested at the end of August and died in the Lukiškės Prison.[5]

Writings

Wygodzki contributed to the press, publishing his articles in Tsayt, Vilner Tog, Haynt, Nasz Przegląd, and others.[3] He published three books of his memoirs: In shturm (In the Storm; 1921) on the German occupation during World War I; In gehenom (In Hell; 1927) on his imprisonment by the Germans; and In Sambatyon (1931) on his activities in the Sejm.[2]

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-5-420-01778-4
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Netzer, Shlomo (2010). "Wygodzki, Jakub". The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Translated by Rami Hann. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
  3. ^
    ISBN 9780814327845
    .
  4. ^ Koss, Andrew Noble (2010). World War I and the Remaking of Jewish Vilna, 1914-1918 (PDF) (Ph.D.). Stanford University. p. 134.
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-0-300-04494-2
    .
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