Jumla District
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2008) |
Jumla District
जुम्ला जिल्ला | ||
---|---|---|
Municipality List
| ||
Government DCC, Jumla | ||
• Parliamentary constituencies | 1 seats List
| |
• Provincial constituencies | 2 seats List | |
Area | ||
• Total | 2,531 km2 (977 sq mi) | |
Highest elevation | 4,679 m (15,351 ft) | |
Lowest elevation | 915 m (3,002 ft) | |
Population (2011) Major highways | Karnali | |
Website | daojumla.moha.gov.np ddcjumla.gov.np |
Jumla District (
The
History
Khasa Kingdom
Jumla was a part of
Kingdom of Jumla
The Jumla Kingdom was one of the many kingdoms that dotted Nepal before its reunification by King
The Jumla Kingdom belonged to the more extensive pre-unification kingdoms in Nepal. At the height of its power it extended from
Kings of Jumla
The kings of Jumla, post-1400:[10]
- Baliraja 1404-1445
- Vaksaraja 1445-? (son)
- Vijayaraja (son)
- Visesaraja fl. 1498 (son)
- Vibhogaraja (?)
- Matiraja (?)
- Sahiraja (?)
- Bhanasahi c. 1529-90 (son)
- Saimalsahi c. 1590-1599 (son)
- Vasantaraja 1599-1602 (son)
- Visekaraja 1599-1602 (brother)
- Vikramasahi 1602-c. 1635 (brother)
- Bahadurasahi c. 1635-65 (son)
- Virabhadrasahi 1665-after 1704
- Prithvipatisahi after 1704-1719 (son)
- Surathasahi 1719-1740 (son)
- Sudarasanasahi 1740-c. 1758 (son)
- Suryabhanasahi c. 1758-1789 (son)
Geography and climate
Geographically, Jumla is a Himalayan mountainous region of which elevations ranges from 915 metres (3,002 ft) to 4,679 metres (15,351 ft). The Higher Himalayan Region consists of Patarasi and Kanjirowa Himalayan ranges. The major rivers in Jumla are Hima, Tila and Jawa.[4]
Climate Zone[11] | Elevation Range | % of Area |
---|---|---|
Temperate | 2,000 to 3,000 meters 6,400 to 9,800 ft. |
25.3% |
Subalpine
|
3,000 to 4,000 meters 9,800 to 13,100 ft. |
49.7% |
Alpine
|
4,000 to 5,000 meters 13,100 to 16,400 ft. |
13.9% |
Nival | above 5,000 meters | 7.3% |
Trans-Himalayan | 3,000 to 6,400 meters 9,800 to 21,000 ft. |
3.8% |
Demographics
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Jumla District had a population of 108,921.
As first language, 98.8% spoke Nepali, 0.6% Tamang, 0.3% Sherpa and 0.1% other languages.[12]
Ethnicity/caste: 60.4% were Chhetri, 10.9% Hill Brahmin, 7.4% Kami, 7.4% Thakuri, 7.1% Sarki, 2.5% Damai/Dholi, 1.1% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 1.1% Tamang, 0.9% Lohar, 0.2% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.2% Newar, 0.1% Bhote, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Magar, 0.1% Musalman, 0.1% Thakali and 0.2% others.[13]
Religion: 97.9% were Hindu, 1.2% Buddhist, 0.7% Christian, 0.1% Muslim and 0.1% others.[14]
Literacy: 54.0% could read and write, 3.4% could only read and 42.5% could neither read nor write.[15]
Census year | Pop. | ±% p.a. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | 68,797 | — | ||
1991 | 75,964 | +1.00% | ||
2001 | 89,427 | +1.65% | ||
2011 | 108,921 | +1.99% | ||
2021 | 119,377 | +0.92% | ||
| ||||
Source: Citypopulation[16] |
Divisions
On 10 March 2017
According to new structure Jumla district is divided into 1 municipality (urban) and 7 rural municipality:
Municipalities
- Chandannath (UM)
- Kankasundari(RM)
- Sinja(RM)
- Hima(RM)
- Tila(RM)
- Guthichaur(RM)
- Tatopani(RM)
- Patarasi(RM)
Note: UM=Urban Municipality, RM=Rural Municipality
Ethno Medicine
Jumla along with Humla, Dolpa and Mustang districts have a history of people using traditional plants for medicine. Research has shown there are up to 109 different species of Ethnomedicine in these areas.[18]
Ethno Veterinary Medicine
Fifteen different species of plants are known to be used in ethno-veterinary practices in Jumla.[19]
Health
A 2019 study on blood types of people in Jumla revealed A positive is the most common blood type while B positive was the most requested from the blood bank at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences. It also states the most frequent demand for blood came from the gynecological department.[20]
A study on Health facility preparedness of maternal and neonatal health services in 2021 found that Health facilities have better staffing levels, have access to essential medicines and provision of ambulance transport of women and children.[21]
Women of Jumla
As part of research on the leading causes of death among Nepali women of child-bearing age, a study on Mental Health and Suicide among women in Jumla has found that there are six issues when it comes to women's lives and views on suicide: mental health issues; economics; education; domestic issues; differential gender impacts; suicide and thoughts about it.[22]
A study aimed at finding the frequency of teenage pregnancy and its outcomes revealed that it was 22% among total deliveries and that maternal complication accounted for 33% of the total pregnancies.[23] Awareness about teenage pregnancy is low.[24]
Women of Jumla were one of the first to be recruited into the Maoist Insurgency.[25]
Child marriage is prevalent in Jumla as of 2019.[citation needed]
64.4% of women in Jumla are illiterate.[26]
Lagi-Lagitya
An "inter-caste economic dependency in a long-term hereditary contractual labor relations" is called Lagi-Lagitya. The castes of Bahun, Thakuri, Chettri who own land but don't till themselves employ low caste groups of Kami and Sarki to work on their lands.[27]
Natural Resources
Jumla is rich in Non Timber Forest Products (NTFP) namely medicinal plants and aromatics. 41% of the district is covered with Forest and rangeland.[28]
Animals and Crops
The Himalayan Black Bear damages crops and attacks livestocks but locals support the animal's conservation.[29]
The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), a threatened carnivore species is found in Jumla.[30]
Rice Cultivation
Jumli Marshi is a high altitude rice variety that is thought to have been cultivated in Jumla since 1300 years ago.[31]
See also
Gallery
-
Narakot Sinja Valley
-
Beauty of Winter in Jumla
-
Tila Valley Jumla
-
Wooden Craft, Jumla, Sinja
-
Way to Jumla
-
Jumla Panorama
References
- ^ "District Administration Office Jumla".
- ^ General Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu, Nepal, November 2012
- ^ Districts of Nepal
- ^ a b "District profile of Jumla". Archived from the original on 2019-06-17. Retrieved 2018-08-01.
- ^ The origin of Nepali language is Sinja of Jumla, retrieved Feb 25, 2018
- ^ Ram Niwas Pandey (1998) The making of modern Nepal: A study of history, art, the culture of Western Nepal. Nirala Press.
- ^ Rishikesh Shaha (1997) Ancient and medieval Nepal. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 67.
- ^ Rishikesh Shaha (1996) Modern Nepal: A political history 1769-1955, Vol. I. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 53.
- ^ Rishikesh Shaha (1996) Modern Nepal: A political history 1769-1955, Vol. I. New Delhi: Manohar, p. 139.
- ^ Ram Niwas Pandey (1998) The making of modern Nepal: A study of history, art, culture of Western Nepal. Nirala Press.
- ^
The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system (PDF), Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110., 2005, ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved Nov 22, 2013
- ^ NepalMap Language
- ^ NepalMap Caste
- ^ NepalMap Religion
- ^ NepalMap Literacy
- ^ "NEPAL: Administrative Division". www.citypopulation.de.
- ^ "New local level structure comes into effect from today". www.thehimalayantimes.com. The Himalayan Times. 10 March 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
- PMID 16749924.
- ^ "STUDY ON ETHNO VETERINARY PRACTICES IN JUMLA".
- ^ "Blood Bank Service: An Experience at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal | MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences". 2022-08-02. Archived from the original on 2022-08-02. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
- PMID 34583697.
- ^ "ETD | Mental Health and Suicide Among Women in Jumla, Nepal: A Qualitative Exploration | ID: fn106z914 | Emory Theses and Dissertations". 2022-11-29. Archived from the original on 2022-11-29. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
- ^ "Adolescent Pregnancy and its Outcome in a Rural Teaching Hospital, Karnali Academy of Health Science, Jumla | Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences". 2019-09-25. Archived from the original on 2019-09-25. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
- S2CID 249253674.
- ^ "Women's Participation in the People's War in Jumla" (PDF). 2022-09-21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-09-21. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
- ISSN 1999-6217.)
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link - ^ "NOTES ON LAGI-LAGITYA RELATIO S IN JUMLA". 2022-11-29. Archived from the original on 2022-11-29. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
- ISSN 2631-2301.
- ^ "Europe PMC". 2022-11-29. Archived from the original on 2022-11-29. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - PMID 33976791.
- ISSN 2091-0649.