Solukhumbu District
This article possibly contains original research. (October 2021) |
Solukhumbu District
सोलुखुम्बु जिल्ला | ||
---|---|---|
Municipality List
| ||
Government | ||
• Type | NPT) | |
Postal Codes | 56000..., 56010 | |
Telephone Code | 38 | |
Website | ddcsolukhumbu |
Solukhumbu District (
The district, with Salleri as its headquarters, covers an area of 3,312 km2 (1,279 sq mi) and had a population 107,686 in 2001 and 105,886 in 2011.[3]
Mount Everest is in the northern part of this district, within Sagarmatha National Park.
History
Historically, Solukhumbu was part of
Before the
The Solukhumbu district was established in 1962,[6] out of the old East No. 3 district. Before 1962, present-day Solukhumbu, Okhaldhunga and some parts of Khotang previously constitute district "East No. 3".[7] Solu and Rawa thums (counties) were carved out of East No. 3 to create Solukhumbu District.
-
East No. 3, a district of Nepal before 1962.
-
VDCs of Solukhumbu before 2015.
Geography
Solukhumbu is one of three Himalayan districts within Province No. 1, positioned on the west-by-northwestern corner of the province. It spans a total area of 3,312 square kilometres (1,279 sq mi). It is geographically situated between latitudes 27°20'39" and 28°6'24" North, and longitudes 86°0'21" and 87°0'1" East. Its north border includes the world's highest peak 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) (Mount Everest); and the district's lowest point is at 600 metres (2,000 ft) (Tuintar) above sea level. The district is bordered by Sankhuwasabha in the east, Bhojpur in the south-east, Khotang and Okhaldhunga in the south, Bagmati Province in the west and Tibet (China) in the north.[4]
The diverse geography of Solukhumbu district is marked by three distinct levels:
Khumbu Himal (Highland mountains)
This region is home to the Mahalangur Himal and other Himalayan mountain ranges. Situated on the northern border with Tibet, it hosts some of the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest (8,848m), Lhotse (8,516m), Makalu (8,485m), Cho Oyu (8,201m), Gyachung Kang (7,952m), among others.
Khumbu region (Highland valley)
Known globally for its trekking and hiking opportunities, the highland
Solu region (Mid-hills)
Lower Solukhumbu (lower parts of Solukhumbu District) is part of the Mid-hills region. It is less famous for trekking, however new trails such as the Mundhum trail are being developed. Rais are the main inhabitants in this region.
Climate
Climate Zone[9] | Elevation Range | % of Area |
---|---|---|
Upper Tropical | 300 to 1,000 meters 1,000 to 3,300 ft. |
0.7% |
Subtropical | 1,000 to 2,000 meters 3,300 to 6,600 ft. |
9.3% |
Temperate | 2,000 to 3,000 meters 6,400 to 9,800 ft. |
20.6% |
Subalpine
|
3,000 to 4,000 meters 9,800 to 13,100 ft. |
16.6% |
Alpine
|
4,000 to 5,000 meters 13,100 to 16,400 ft. |
28.3% |
Nival | above 5,000 meters | 24.4% |
Climate data for Salleri | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.1 (73.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.5 (90.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
30.7 (87.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.2 (48.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.8 (74.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
10.6 (51.1) |
18.2 (64.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1 (0.0) |
1 (0.0) |
1 (0.0) |
2 (0.1) |
4 (0.2) |
7 (0.3) |
16 (0.6) |
12 (0.5) |
10 (0.4) |
3 (0.1) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.0) |
58 (2.2) |
Source: www.yr.no[10] |
Climate data for Syangboche | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
8 (46) |
11.7 (53.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.1 (55.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
7.9 (46.2) |
5.7 (42.3) |
10.2 (50.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.9 (16.0) |
−8 (18) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
5.3 (41.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.5) |
17 (0.7) |
25 (1.0) |
28 (1.1) |
38 (1.5) |
131 (5.2) |
221 (8.7) |
206 (8.1) |
128 (5.0) |
54 (2.1) |
5 (0.2) |
6 (0.2) |
872 (34.3) |
Source: www.climate-data.org[11] |
Administrative divisions
Solukhumbu is divided into 8 local level units, 1 unit is urban and 7 are rural. They are further divided into wards. Solukhumbu is single-seat constituency for
Local units | Nepali | Type | Population (2011) | Area KM2 | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solududhkunda |
सोलुदूधकुण्ड | urban | 20,399 | 538.09 | solududhkundamun |
Dudhakaushika |
दूधकौशिका | rural | 19,672 | 144.6 | dudhkaushikamun |
Necha Salyan |
नेचा सल्यान | rural | 16,129 | 94.49 | nechasalyanmun |
Dudhkoshi |
दुधकोसी | rural | 13,414 | 167.67 | dudhkoshimun |
Maha Kulung |
महाकुलूङ्ग | rural | 11,452 | 648.05 | mahakulungmun |
Sotang |
सोतांग | rural | 9,530 | 103 | sotangmun |
Likhu Pike |
लिखु पीके | rural | 5,534 | 124.38 | likhupikemun |
Khumbu Pasanglhamu |
खुम्बु पासाङल्हामु | rural | 8,989 | 1539.11 | khumbupasanglhamumun |
Constituency | Type | MP/MLA | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Solukhumbu 1 | Parliamentary | Hem Kumar Rai | Nepal Communist Party | |
Solukhumbu 1(A) | Provincial | Uttam Kumar Basnet | Nepal Communist Party | |
Solukhumbu 1(B) | Provincial | Buddhi Kumar Rajbhandari | Nepal Communist Party |
Former divisions (1990–2016)
Formerly, Solukhumbu district was divided into many
There were 35 Village Development Committees in Solukhumbu District:[13]
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1981 | 88,245 | — |
1991 | 97,200 | +0.97% |
2001 | 107,686 | +1.03% |
2011 | 105,886 | −0.17% |
2021 | 104,768 | −0.11% |
Sources:[2] |
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Solukhumbu District had a population of 105,886.
As their first language, 36.7% spoke Nepali, 16.7% Sherpa, 9.4% Tamang, 9.2% Kulung, 8.8% Thulung, 8.5% Khaling, 3.8% Nachhiring, 2.4% Bahing, 1.5% Magar, 0.7% Maithili, 0.6% Newar, 0.4% Rai, 0.2% Sunuwar, 0.1% Bhujel, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Tharu, 0.1% Tibetan and 0.4% other languages.[14]
Ethnicity/caste: 19.7% were Rai, 16.6% Sherpa, 15.0% Chhetri, 9.9% Tamang, 8.9% Kulung, 5.6% Kami, 4.9% Magar, 4.6% Hill Brahmin, 3.5% Nachhiring, 2.4% Newar, 1.9% Gharti/Bhujel, 1.5% Damai/Dholi, 1.0% Thulung, 0.7% Gurung, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.5% Sarki, 0.3% Kalar, 0.3% Khaling, 0.3% Sunuwar, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Bahing, 0.1% Hajam/Thakur, 0.1% Koiri/Kushwaha, 0.1% Majhi, 0.1% Tharu and 0.5% others.[15]
Religion: 40.2% were Hindu, 30.2% Kirati, 27.2% Buddhist, 2.2% Christian, 0.1% Prakriti and 0.2% others.[17]
Literacy: 64.0% could read and write, 3.2% could only read and 32.8% could neither read nor write.[18]
Notable people
- Tenzing Norgay- First ascent of Mount Everest
- Pasang Lhamu Sherpa - First Nepalese female ascent
- Babu Chiri Sherpa - 10 times ascent Mount Everest
- Ang Dorje Sherpa - 19 times ascent Mount Everest
- Apa Sherpa - 21 times ascent Mount Everest
- Nawang Sherpa - First person to climb Mount Everest with a prosthetic leg
- Kami Rita Sherpa- A 28th times Everest summiter on 23 May 2023, breaking his own record set on 17 May 2023.
See also
- Zones of Nepal
References
- ^ a b c d e "NepalMap profile: Bhojpur".
- ^ a b "Nepal: Provinces and Districts". www.citypopulation.de.
- ^ "Districts of Nepal". Statoids.
- ^ ISBN 9783110123517. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- ^ Chemjong, Imanshing (15 April 2014). Kirat history and culture. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
The fort of Hatuwa Chaudandi of Majh kirat was occupied by the Gorkha force on the fourth day of Srawan in the year 1830 Bikram Sambat which corresponds to 1773 AD.
- ^ "A Guide to Government in Nepal" (PDF). Retrieved 30 March 2020.
In 1961, the country was demarcated into 14 administrative zones with each zone headed by a zone commissioner, a royal appointee whose function, among others, was to assist the palace secretariat in suppressing political opposition. In the districts, now increased in number to 75 from 35, district panchayats were established by amalgamating the former village development blocks, and village and nagar (town) panchayats were also established.
- ^ "Brief introduction of Okhaldhunga". DCC Okhaldhunga. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
Okhaldhunga along with Khotang and Solukhumbu were combined to form East No.3 area among the 32 districts of administrative division of Prime Minister Bhimsen Thapa recently after the unification campaign of His Majesty the King Prithvi Narayan Shah. At that time the headquarter of East No.3 area was Okhaldhunga as of today.
- ISBN 0-09-915940-6.
- ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved Nov 22, 2013
- ^ "Climatological Data for Selected Trekking Towns". www.yr.no. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ^ "Climatological Data for Selected Trekking Towns". www.en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ^ "हेर्नुस तपाई कुन गाउँपालिका वा नगरपालिकामा पर्नुभयो ?". nepalipatra.com. Retrieved Jun 11, 2017.
- ^ "Digital Himalaya: Nepal Census 2001". digitalhimalaya.com. Retrieved Jun 11, 2017.
- ^ NepalMap Language
- ^ NepalMap Caste
- ^ "C-1 Population By Religious Community" (PDF).
- ^ NepalMap Religion
- ^ NepalMap Literacy