Lapsana communis

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Lapsana communis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Lapsana
Species:
L. communis
Binomial name
Lapsana communis
L.
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Lapsana cancellata Borbás
  • Lapsana cappadocica Bornm.
  • Lapsana crispa Willd.
  • Lapsana glandulosa (Freyn) Klokov
  • Lapsana olympica Candargy
  • Lapsana pubescens Hornem.
  • Lapsana sonchifolia Gilib.
  • Lapsana sylvatica Wallr.
  • Lapsana adenophora Boiss., syn. of subsp. adenophora
  • Lapsana alpina Boiss. & Balansa, syn. of subsp. alpina
  • Lapsana glandulifera Cass., syn. of subsp. grandiflora
  • Lapsana grandiflora M.Bieb., syn. of subsp. grandiflora
  • Lapsana lyrata Willd., syn. of subsp. grandiflora
  • Lapsana aipetriensis Vassilcz., syn. of subsp. intermedia
  • Lapsana intermedia M.Bieb., syn. of subsp. intermedia
  • Lapsana macrocarpa Coss., syn. of subsp. macrocarpa
  • Lapsana cassia Boiss., syn. of subsp. pisidica
  • Lapsana peduncularis Boiss., syn. of subsp. pisidica
  • Lapsana pisidica Boiss. & Heldr., syn. of subsp. pisidica
  • Lapsana ramosissima Boiss., syn. of subsp. pisidica

Lapsana communis, the common nipplewort,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Europe and southwestern Asia, and it is widely naturalized in other regions including North America.[3][4][5]

Description

Habitus of full-grown plants

Lapsana communis is an

carpels. The fruit is a cypsela surrounded by the hardened remains of the involucral bracts. The numerous small seeds are retained in the cypsela until the plant is shaken by the wind or a passing animal.[9] Pappus is absent.[6]

Subspecies[1][7][10][11]

Distribution and habitat

Away from its native area, Lapsana communis is common throughout the British Isles,[12] naturalised, and sometimes considered an invasive species, in many areas around the world, including Australia,[13] Chile,[14] New Zealand,[15] Greenland,[16] and most of Canada and the United States.[16]

Lapsana communis is found growing in arable fields, woods, hedges,[6] roadsides, wasteland, hedgerows, woodland margins and clear-felled areas in forests.[9]

Cultivation and uses

The young leaves are

nipples and ulcerated breasts,[19] especially under the doctrine of signatures on account of the flower buds' resemblance to nipples.[20]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b The Plant List Lapsana communis L.
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Lapsana communis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  3. ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Lapsana
  4. ^ Flora of North America, Lapsana communis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 811. 1753.
  5. ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-185918-4783
  7. ^ a b Flora of Northwestern Europe: Lapsana communis[permanent dead link]
  8. ISBN 0-340-40170-2
  9. ^ a b "Nipplewort: Lapsana communis". NatureGate. Retrieved 2013-12-30.
  10. ^ Flora Europaea: [ Lapsana communis]
  11. ^ "Lapsana communis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  12. ISBN 0 521 04656 4
  13. ^ Flora of New South Wales: Lapsana communis.
  14. ^ Flora of Chile: Lapsana communis.
  15. ^ Flora of New Zealand: Lapsana communis.
  16. ^ a b Flora of North America: Lapsana communis.
  17. ^ Plants for a Future: Lapsana communis.
  18. OCLC 965922681
    .
  19. ISBN 0-71-390442-9
  20. ^ Parkinson, J. (1640). Theatrum Botanicum; or an Herball of Large Extent.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lapsana_communis&oldid=1220062317"