Mangalore tiles
Mangalore tiles (also Mangalorean tiles) are a type of
Since that time, the industry has grown in India with these red tiles in great demand throughout the country. They are exported to Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and the Far East and even as far as East Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia.[4][5] These were the only tiles recommended for government buildings in India under the British Raj.[6][7]
These tiles still define Mangalore's skyline and characterize its urban setting.[8] They are a popular form of roofing and are preferred over concrete due to their higher quality.[9]
Etymology
These tiles are native to Mangalore, a city in the former South Canara district on the western coast of India. Hence they were named Mangalore tiles by the tile factory manufacturers.[1]
History
The German missionary
Several other tile factories were established in the years that followed. In 1868, the Albuquerque tile factory producing these tiles was started by Mr.Pascal Albuquerque at Panemangalore in South Canara.[7] These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India during the British regime.[6] The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, a World Heritage Site is also topped with these tiles due to their excellent quality and were preferred over Bombay tiles by the structure's architect Frederick William Stevens.[9]
Since the opening of the Albuquerque tile factory,
The prominent tile factories in Mangalore of the bygone era were
1) The Common Wealth Trust Ltd (Established by Basel Mission in 1860[13]) - This is supposed to be the first tile factory in Mangalore and thereby India.
2) A Albuquerque and Sons (Established in 1868).
3) Alvares Tile factory (Established by Simon Alvares in 1878)
4) Hammer Tiles (Established by Mahalakshmi traders in 1889).
5) Hamidiah Tile works (Established by Adhyaksha H. Koragappa(Founder of Kudroli Shree Gokarnanatheshwara Temple Mangalore) and C.Abdurahiman in 1905)
6) King George Tiles (Established in 1905).
7) JH Morgan and son.
8) Rego and sons.
9) Pioneer Tiles.
10) BK Tiles.
The Calicut Tile Co. (CTC) was the first fully mechanised roofing tile manufacturer in India. It was started in the year 1878. Besides roofing tiles, CTC also manufactures ceiling tiles, hourdees, hollow blocks, paver tiles, decorative garden tiles and terracotta products. The company is currently fully operational. The products CTC at Ferok are known and sold under the brand name Queen. They have another factory in the state of Karnataka. The products are known under the brand name King.
In 2007, the industry suffered when about 10 tile factories shut down due to scarcity of raw materials like clay, and factories struggled to find skilled and cooperative workers.[10]
Quality and Usage
Mangalore tiles are said to provide excellent ventilation especially during summer and are widely considered
Since these clay tiles are molded under extreme heat, they are resistant to damage or destruction from fire.
These red colored clay tiles are quite famous and are exported to all the corners of world. They are unique and are made and available in different shapes and sizes depending on the users' need.
Clay tiles are commonly used in coastal areas and regions that experience heavy rainfall. Clay tiles for a sloping roof offer water proofing in areas where it rains quite often. Clay's corrosion resistance allows for superior longevity compared to other materials. The Mangalore tiles are generally placed inclined at forty five degrees. The tiles get their red colour from the high proportion of iron compound found in the laterite clay.[14] A tile weighs about 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) to 3 kilograms (6.6 lb).[15] These kinds of tiles are most popularly used in Canara, Goa, Kerala, and the Konkan.
Preparation
First, laterite clay is collected, placed in a mold, and precisely cut to measurement. Then the piece of clay is placed on a tile press which shapes the tile and applies the factory logo. Any extra clay is removed by hand and usually reused It is fired in a kiln, and the density of the clay tile is a function of the length of time and temperature at which it is heated.
Clay tiles are often white, yellow, orange or brown in color. However, they can be colored or styled according to one’s preference by spraying a
Trade, commerce and geographical spread
Tiles are exported to East Asia, Europe, Australia,
At helm of the industry the production of Mangalore tiles was prominent in
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Giriappa 1994, p. 61
- ^ "Tracing the history and legacy of Mangalore tiles". Architectural Digest India. 22 May 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ISBN 9780815633150.
- ^ ISBN 978-81-7035-125-2.
- ^ "Mangalore—Tiles". Hotfrog.in. Retrieved 31 January 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c Somerset, Bond & Wright, p. 510
- ^ a b c Somerset, Bond & Wright, p. 511
- ^ a b c Babu, Savitha Suresh (17 February 2007). "Tiles for style". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore. Retrieved 2 February 2009.
- ^ a b Belgaumkar, Govind D. (12 November 2007). "Tiles are strong, industry is brittle". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- ^ Somerset, Bond & Wright, p. 517
- ^ Giriappa 1994, p. 62
- ISBN 9788170351252.
- ^ India: Physical Environment Geography Standard (Grade) IX 2007, p. 37
- ^ a b Belgaumkar, Govind D. (26 November 2005). "Have an imaginative roof over your head". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 9 May 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "Kerala's pioneering roof-tile company shuts down after 141 years". OnManorama. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "Marseile Tiles from Alsace". ResearchGate.
A different type of J H MORGAN roof tile found in Old Suriyani church at Chenganoor which is much older than the photos shown in the photo.
References
- Suresh Jog; Chandrakanth Pawar; Madhav Puranik; Mubarak Bagwan (2007). "Soils". India: Physical Environment Geography Standard (Grade) IX (reprint of 2006 ed.). Pune: Secretary Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education.
- Giriappa, S. (1994). Rural Industrialisation in Backward Areas. Daya books. ISBN 81-7035-125-1. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- Somerset, Playne; Bond, E. W.; Wright, Arnold; Wright, Playne (2004). Southern India: Its History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-1344-9. Retrieved 31 January 2009.