Manuel Rodríguez Torices
Manuel Rodríguez Torices | |
---|---|
President of the United Provinces of the New Granada• | |
In office July 28, 1815 – November 15, 1815 | |
Preceded by | Triumvirate José María del Castillo y Rada, José Fernández Madrid, Joaquín Camacho |
Succeeded by | Camilo Torres Tenorio |
Vice President of the United Provinces of the New Granada | |
In office November 15, 1815 – March 14, 1816 | |
President | Camilo Torres Tenorio |
Personal details | |
Born | May 24, 1788 Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar |
Died | October 5, 1816 Bogotá, Cundinamarca |
Political party | Federalist |
| |
Manuel Rodríguez Torices (full birth name Manuel Juan Robustiano de los Dolores Rodríguez Torices y Quiroz) (May 24, 1788 – October 5, 1816) was a
Early life
Rodríguez was born on May 24, 1788, in
He participated in the
Thanks to the good relations he made in the Tertulia del Buen Gusto, Rodríguez developed an interest in journalism. In 1809 he co-edited the newspaper Seminario de la Nueva Granada with Francisco José de Caldas.[4]
Independence of Cartagena
On May 10, 1810, the Ayuntamiento of Cartagena formed a Junta, breaking ties with the Spanish government, but recognizing the regency of the crown. This Junta was the first step for independence in New Granada. The Junta also made an important point in its agenda to spread the revolutionary ideas to establish its power and foment a nationalist spirit among the people. The Junta gave this task to Rodríguez and José Fernández Madrid. On September 10, 1810, Rodríguez and Madrid created the Argos Americano, a political, economical, and literary newspaper with the mission of creating public opinion in favor of the new revolutionary ideas.[5]
On November 11, 1811, the junta declared absolute independence from Spain, the crown, Rodríguez was one of the precursors of the independence, and a member of the Junta, and so was a signer of its Constitution. Rodríguez became Governor President of Cartagena de Indias on April 1, 1812,[6] following the resignation of José María del Real, the Convention of the State of Cartagena granted dictatorial powers to Torices to better handle the situation the State was in.
Rodríguez' main objective while in office was to take control of the royalist province of Santa Marta. Rodríguez, although a fervent patriot, had no military experience, so he enlisted the Frenchman Pierre Labatut and the Spaniard Manuel Cortés Campomanes. Santa Marta fell to the hands of Labatut in early 1814, but the victory was short-lived, and Santa Marta went back to royalist hands.[7]
Because of the strategic position of Cartagena as a port, the early presidents of Cartagena felt the need to develop a strong force to patrol the sea and protect the city, his efforts in doing so, and the continuation by this project by his successors gave birth to what would become the
Another one of Rodríguez' objectives during his presidency was to foment the immigration of foreigners to Cartagena. Rodríguez issued a proclamation inviting "all foreigners except those of Spain to come and settle in Cartagena" this text was printed in Spanish, English, and
Triumvirate
On October 15, 1814, the Congress of the United Provinces of the New Granada, replaced the presidency of the nation, with a
Upon his return, Rodríguez was sworn in as president of the triumvirate on July 28, 1815, in which he presided together with José Miguel Pey de Andrade, and Antonio Villavicencio.
On October 14, authorities caught Cornelio Rodríguez, a royalist, who confessed the plans about a failed royalist coup, Cornelio Rodríguez also accused members of Congress to support the coup, and among those accused was Rodríguez. Rodríguez stepped down from his presidential post, to let Congress judge those accusations in order to clean his reputation, Congress dismissed the accusations against him and others the next day,[12] finding it difficult that the precursor of the independence of Cartagena and known patriot would think of supporting the royalists.
On November 15, Congress changed the executive power once again, entrusting the executive power to a president and a vice president. Congress then named Camilo Torres Tenorio to become president, and entrusted the vice presidency to Rodríguez.[13]
Capture and execution
By 1816, the Spaniards had invaded the New Granada by all sides. The Congress dissolved, and on March 14, 1816, Camilo Torres resigned the presidency, many prominent political and social figures of Bogotá were forced to leave trying to escape the imminent invasion. Camilo Torres Tenorio, Rodríguez,
On October 4, the prisoners were tried by the War Council established by
See also
Notes
- ^ Hombres y ciudades: Antología del paisaje, de las letras y de los hombres de Colombia by Gustavo Otero Muñoz
- ^ América Española by Gabriel Porras Troconis
- ^ Cuadros de costumbres y descripciones locales de Colombia: Articulos escogidos y publicados (Page 120) by José Joaquín Borda [1]
- ^ Gobernantes de Colombia: 1810–1857. Compendio de la Historia Patria, 1492-1957 by Jorge de Mendoza Velez
- ^ Historia económica y social del Caribe colombiano (Page 164) by Nicolás del Castillo Mathieu [2]
- ^ Countries Ci-Co
- Soledad Acosta de Samper
- ^ Historia de Barranquilla By Universidad Autónoma del Caribe Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Revolution, Romanticism, and the Afro-Creole Protest Tradition in Louisiana 1718-1868 (Page 47) by Caryn Cossé [3]
- ^ Constituciones de Colombia: Recopiladas y precedidas de una breve reseña historica (Page 104) by Manuel Antonio Pombo, José Joaquín Guerra [4]
- ^ Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango Archived 2007-01-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango Archived 2007-08-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ La patria boba by J. A. Vargas Jurado, José María Caballero, José Antonio de Torres y Peña [5]
- ^ Independencia de Nueva Granada y Venezuela by Francisco Antonio Encina
- ^ Manuel Rodríguez Torices by Javier López Ocampo
- ^ Vida de Don Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara y episodios históricos de su tiempo(1806–1877) (Page 138) by Ignacio Gutiérrez Ponce [6]
- ^ Los Mártires de Cartagena by José P. Urueta
- ^ Cultura colombiana; apuntaciones sobre el movimiento intelectual de Colombia, desde la conquista hasta la época actual (Page 404) by Adolfo Dollero
- ^ De West-Indische zaken van Ferrand Whaley Hudig, 1759-1797 by Humberto Plazas Olarte, Jorge Mendoza Vélez, J. Hudig
- ^ Biblioteca de historia nacional by Academia Colombiana de Historia
- ^ Historia eclesiástica y civil de Nueva Granada: Escrita sobre documentos auténticos by José Manuel Groot [7]
- ^ Homenaje a los próceres; discursos pronunciados en la celebración del sequicentenario de la independencia nacional, 1810-1960 by Academia Colombiana de Historia