Maqalat al-Islamiyyin

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Background
Eminent scholars
3rd AH/9th AD
  • Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
    (d. 324/936)
  • Ibn Khafif (d. 371/982)
4th AH/10th AD
5th AH/11th AD
6th AH/12th AD
7th AH/13th AD
8th AH/14th AD
9th AH/15th AD
10th AH/16th AD
11th AH/17th AD
12th AH/18th AD
13th AH/19th AD
14th AH/20th AD
Theological works
Institutions
Events
Related groups
Classic
Modern

Maqalat al-Islamiyyin wa Ikhtilaf al-Musallin (

Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (d. 324/935), the eponym of the Ash'ari theological school.[1][2][3]

Most likely, al-Ash'ari wrote this book following the

Mu'tazili theologian Abu al-Qasim al-Balkhi [de] (d. 319/931) in his book with the same title (Maqalat al-Islamiyyin).[Note 1] Therefore, it was probably written during his Mu'tazili period and then modified;[5] thus it may incorporate parts which he wrote earlier when he was still a Mu'tazili.[2] However, according to al-Dhahabi (d.748/1348), this book was written in his last years, which indicates tolerance with Islamic sects, because Islam contains them.[6]

Content

Al-Ash'ari first gives an objective account of the views of the Muslim sects; then he gives the views of non-Muslim sects and of the

philosophers; and finally he gives a critical discussion of the attributes and the names of God.[5]

It is in two parts, the first a short account of the historical origins of schism in Islam and a long patient listing of the major groups of his day, and the second a thematic tabulation of the various questions debated among Muslim intellectuals.[2]

Al-Ash'ari's Maqalat does not contain criticism to any notable degree. As its title indicates, all those who are included in the work are regarded as Muslims and 'those who pray', and so the work is a somewhat impartial survey rather than an appraisal of correct and incorrect doctrines. It serves as a handbook of theological views that might aid the reader in knowing what particular sects and individuals thought, and then what range of opinions was offered on the various questions debated within theology.[2]

Reception and influence

This work became a model for similar works produced afterward, such as

'Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi (d. 429/1037), al-Tabsir fi al-Din [ar] by Abu al-Muzaffar al-Isfarayini [ar] (d. 471/1078), al-Milal wa al-Nihal by al-Shahrastani (d. 548/1153), and I'tiqadat Firaq al-Muslimin wa al-Mushrikin by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1210).[5]

Ahmad al-Tayyib, the Grand Imam of al-Azhar, highly praised the book by saying that it has several words that deserve to be written in gold water.[7]

Notes
  1. ^ Al-Ash'ari refuted Abu al-Qasim al-Balkhi's work Awa'il al-Adilla in his Naqd Ta'wil al-Adilla 'alā al-Balkhi, where he attacked Mu'tazili theological principles as presented in al-Balkhi's work, 'Uyun al-Masa'il wa al-Jawābāt.[4]

See also

Arabic Wikisource has original text related to this article:

References

  1. ISBN 9783643800497
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0700715886
    .
  3. ^ "كتاب مقالات الإسلاميين واختلاف المصلين للشيخ أبي الحسن الأشعري: جوانب من دقته، وتقريب لقيمته". arrabita.ma (in Arabic). Muhammadan League of Religious Scholars. Archived from the original on 13 Jan 2024.
  4. ISBN 9789004259683
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 9781472569455
    .
  6. ISBN 978-1453595848
    .
  7. ^ "شاهد.. كلمات من ذهب للإمام الأشعري". elbalad.news (in Arabic). Sada El-Balad. Archived from the original on 13 Jan 2024.

External links

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