Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī أبو إسحاق الشيرازي | |
|---|---|
| Title | Islamic theology), Hadith studies |
| Notable work(s) | |
| Muslim leader | |
| Successor | Abu Sa'd al-Mutwalli |
Disciples | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced
| |
| Part of a series on |
| Ash'arism |
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| Background |
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-Shīrāzī (
He acquired the status of a
He was closely associated with the eminent Sufis of his time like Abu Nasr ibn al-Qushayri (d. 514/1120), the son of al-Qushayri (d. 465/1072).[8]
Abu Bakr al-Shashi said: "Abu Ishaq is Allah's proof on the leading scholars of the time."
Name
He is
Early Life
Birth
He was born in 393 A.H/1003 A.D in
Teachers
He studied under various Shafi'i masters in Shiraz and Basra before coming to Baghdad. In Shiraz, he studied under Abu 'Abd Allah al-Baydawi and 'Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ramin. In Basrah, he had al-Kharzi for master. In 415 AH (1024-1025 AD), he entered Baghdad to study under Abu al-Tayyib al-Tabari the foremost Shafi'i jurist of his time. Abu Ishaq became one of his closest companions. He would repeat his lessons and succeed him in his council. He studied hadith from Abu Bakr al-Barqani, Abu Ali bin Shazan and others, and he studied principles of jurisprudence under Abu Hatim al-Qazwini and others. He continued his diligence, toil, and effort until his fame spread throughout the countries and he became the most admired people of his time.[10]
Scholarly life
Position
Upon his graduation from his illustrious mentors. He remained most of his lifetime in
Fighting against immorality
The chief of the
Students
He had many students, the most famous of whom are:
Death
He died in Baghdad in 476 AH (1083–1084 AD), and the 'Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadi (d. 487/1094) attended his funeral.[17] On his death, his pupils sat in solemn mourning in the Nizāmiya college, and after that ceremony, Muwyyad al-Mulk, son of Nizam al-Mulk, appointed Abu Sa'd al-Mutwalli to the vacant place, but when Nizām al-Mulk heard of it, he wrote to disapprove of that nomination, adding that the college should be shut up during a year, on account of Abu Ishaq's death; he then blamed the person who had undertaken to fill his place, and ordered the sheikh Abu Nasr ibn al-Sabbagh to profess in his stead.[1]
Creed
Abu Ishaq was a stuanch
- “Indeed, the Ashʿarīs are the people of the Sunnah and the defenders of the Sunnisand when a matter involving criticism of Ashʿarīs is brought to the attention of those responsible for Muslim affairs, it is obligatory for them to discipline the individual in a manner that deters everyone.”
Dispute
Following the arrival of Ibn al-Qushayri (son of
Reception
- Ibn al-Sam'ani said: “Sheikh Abu Ishaq was the Imam of the Shafi’i school of thought (of his time) and the teacher in Baghdad in the Nizamiya school of thought, the sheikh of the age, and the imam of the era. People travelled to him from all countries and came to him from all regions, and he used to follow the path of Abu al-Abbas Ibn Surayj.”[3]
- Ibn Aqil said: “I saw our Sheikh Abu Ishaq not giving anything to a poor person without bringing the intention, and he would not speak about an issue without seeking refuge with God Almighty, and sincerely intending to support the truth, and he did not write anything except after he had prayed rak’ahs, so there is no crime whose name became widespread and whose writings became famous in the East and the West with the blessing of his sincerity.”[3]
Works
He authored many works, among the most famous of them are:
- Shafi'i jurisprudence, played a prominent role in the development of the Shafi'i school. Al-Nawawi wrote a commentary on it called Tashih al-Tanbih, as well as two other commentaries by Ibn al-Rif'ah (d. 710/1310) and al-Zarkashi(d. 794/1392).
These two works are counted among the five key reference texts for the Shafi'i school, and the Muhadhdhab was considered by al-Nawawi to be one of the two most important works of this school ever produced.[19]
- Usul al-Fiqh specifically in the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence. This work was contemporaneous to major developments in post-Shafi'i usul, such as the writings of al-Juwayni, with whom he apparently differed on a number of points.
- Ash'ari creed with a combination of textual and kalamiproofs.
- Tabi'in(followers of the companions of the Prophet) and those of the founders of schools and their disciples.
- Arabic: النكت في المسائل المختلف فيها بين الشافعي وأبي حنيفة), a book in 'ilm al-khilāf (the science of juridical disagreement).
- Al-Ma'una fi al-Jadal (
See also
Notes
- Ibn 'Aqil (d. 513/1119) also followed in his footsteps by writing a jadal book entitled Kitab al-Jadal 'ala Tariqat al-Fuqah'.[21]
References
- ^ a b c Al-Dhahabi. "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala' (The Biographies of the Most Noble)". Islamweb.net.
- ^ ISBN 9780691657219.
Abu Ishaq Shirazi, the Ash'arite rector of the Nizamiya
- ^ a b c d Youssef Al-Hazimari. "The biography of Imam Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi". Muhammadiya Association of Scholars (al-Rabita al-Muhammadiyya lil-'Ulamā' in Morocco). Archived from the original on 4 April 2024.
- ^ وفيات الأعيان وأنباء أبناء الزمان، أحمد بن محمد بن إبراهيم بن أبي بكر ابن خلكان البرمكي الإربلي، أبو العباس، دار صادر - بيروت، 1972، ج. 1 ص.30
- BrillOnline.
- Oxford Reference.
- ^ ISBN 9789671221815.
- ^ ISBN 9781438453712.
- ^ "Who was Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi?". Darul Tahqiq.
- ^ "The elders of Abu Ishaq Al-Shirazi". ferkous.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 4 April 2024.
- ISBN 9781491857649.
- ISBN 9780415124126.
- ISBN 9780791488614.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi. "مختصر فيما اختلف فيه أبو حنيفة والشافعي" (in Arabic). Google Books.
- ^ Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi. "كفاية النبيه شرح التنبيه في فقه الإمام الشافعي" (in Arabic). Google Books.
- ^ Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi. "المعونة في الجدل" (in Arabic). Google Books.
- Al-Zirikli. "Al-'Alam (The Notable Personalities)". shamela.ws.
- ISBN 9780838641132.
- ISBN 9780415240321.
- ^ Arabic edition and index by Eric Chaumont, Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph, LIII [1993-1994]
- ^ Ovamir Anjum, ed. (2018). American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 35-4. The International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT). p. 12.
