Metal nitrido complex
Metal nitrido complexes are
Structural trends
Mononuclear complexes feature terminal nitride ligands, typically with short M-N distances consistent with
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[OsNO3]−, isoelectronic with osmium tetroxide.
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[MoNCl4]−, a square pyramidal Mo(VI) complex.
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[W2(μ-N)Cl10]−, containing two W(VI) centres bridged by a nitrido ligand.
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[Ir3N(SO4)6(H2O)3]4−, structurally related tobasic iron acetate.
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A uranium nitrido complex.
Preparative routes
Metal nitrides are produced using a variety of nitrogen sources. The first example above is prepared from
- OsO4 + KNH2 → KOsO3N + H2O
Most commonly however, nitrido complexes are produced by decomposition of azido complexes.[6] The driving force for these reactions is the great stability of N2. Nitrogen trichloride is an effective reagent to give chloro-nitrido complexes. In some cases, even N2 and nitriles can serve as sources of nitride ligands.[7]
Reactions of nitrido ligands
The nitride ligand can be both electrophilic and nucleophilic.[8][9] Terminal nitrides of early metals tend to be basic and oxidizable, whereas nitrides of the later metals tend to be oxidizing and electrophilic. The former behavior is illustrated by their N-protonation and N-alkylation. Ru and Os nitrido complexes often add organophosphines to give iminophosphine derivatives containing the R3PN− ligand.
Interstitial nitrides
Owing to the ability of nitrido ligands to serve as a
See also
- Abiological nitrogen fixation
- Transition metal dinitrogen complex
General references
- ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- .
- .
- PMID 22745250.
- LCCN 63-14307– via the Internet Archive.
- PMID 30155215.
- .
- doi:10.1039/a802635a.
- )
- )