Mohammad-Reza Shajarian
Mohammad-Reza Shajarian | |
---|---|
محمدرضا شجریان | |
calligrapher | |
Spouses | Farkhondeh Golafshan
(m. 1962; div. 1993)Katayoun Khansari (m. 1995) |
Children | 5, including Tonbak |
Website | mohammadrezashajarian |
Signature | |
Mohammad-Reza Shajarian (
His main teachers were Ahmad Ebadi, Esmaeil Mehrtash, Abdollah Davami, and Nour-Ali Boroumand.
He also learned the vocal styles of singers from previous generations, including Reza Gholi Mirza Zelli, Fariborz Manouchehri, Ghamar Molouk Vaziri, Eghbal Azar and Taj Isfahani.
He has cited legendary Persian tar soloist Jalil Shahnaz as highly influential to his development, indicating that he has often tried to mimic Shahnaz's playing style in his singin
Shajarian had collaborated with musicians such as
.He was recognized as a skilled singer in the challenging traditional
In 1999,
His works also cover some songs of Iranian ethnic music, including
.After coming out in support of the Iranian Green Movement and criticizing the Iranian government, he was banned from holding concerts and releasing music.[4][5][6]
Early life
Mohammad-Reza Shajarian was born on 23 September 1940 in
He was the oldest of five siblings, and studied singing at the age of five under the supervision of his father by
Music career
Early work
At the age of 12, he began studying the Persian classical repertoire known as the
Music bands
Shajarian was not always in music groups, but he did the vocals for the Masters of Persian Music with his son Homayoun Shajarian, as well as two other ostads, Kayhan Kalhor and Hossein Alizadeh. He also performed with his daughter Mojgan Shajarian.[14]
In 2008, he toured the world with the Ava Ensemble, composed of his son Homayoun (
In 2012, he toured with the Shahnaz Ensemble with his daughter Mojgan and other band members. The ensemble is named after master tar musician Jalil Shahnaz, with a percentage of the proceeds going towards supporting his health care needs.[16]
Masters and students
Shajarian studied with Esmaeil Mehrtash, Ahmad Ebadi and Nour-Ali Boroumand.
He learned the vocal styles of previous singers such as Hossein Taherzadeh, Reza Gholi Mirza Zelli, Qamar-ol-Moluk Vaziri, Eghbal Azar, and Taj Isfahani.[17]
He started playing the
He also studied under the guidance of master Abdollah Davami, from whom he learned many early Persian songs.[19] Davami also passed on to Shajarian his interpretation of the Radif.[20]
Shajarian taught many students in the field of singing, some of whom are:[21]
- Iraj Bastami
- Ali Jahandar
- Shahram Nazeri
- Hesameddin Seraj
- Mozaffar Shafei
- Qasem Rafati
- Mohammad Esfahani[22]
- Homayoun Shajarian
- Ali Rostamian
- Mohsen Keramati
- Hamid Reza Noorbakhsh
- Sina Sarlak
- Mojtaba Asgari
Creating instruments
Shajarian is the creator of many instruments.[23][24] The first exhibition of his instruments was held in May 2011, the second in September 2013 at the House of Artists by the Del Avaz Cultural and Artistic Institute.[25]
Significant works
- Raast-Panjgaah concert with Mohammad Reza Lotfiin Raast-panjgaah (1976).
- Chehre be Chehre with Mohammad Reza Lotfi in Navaa (1977).[26]
- Golbang-e Shajarian, Part 1 (Bot-e Chin) features: Ali Akbar Sheida (
- Eshgh Daanad with Mohammad Reza Lotfiin Aboo Ataa (1981).
- Aastaan e Jaanaan with Parviz Meshkatian and Naaser Farhangfar in Bayaat e Zand (Turk) & Sur (1982).[28]
- Peyvande Mehr (album) with Farhang Sharif (1984).[29]
- Bidaad with Parviz Meshkatian and the Aref Ensemble in Homaayoun (1985).[30]
- Be yaad e Aaref with Mohammad Reza Lotfiin Bayaat e Turk (1986).
- Nava – Morakkab Khaani with Dashti(1986).
- Doud-e-Oud with Parviz Meshkatian and the Tehran Symphony Orchestra in Navaa (1987).[31]
- Dastan with Parviz Meshkatian and the Aref Ensemble in Chahaar-Gah (1987).[32]
- Dastgah Chahargah (live version of Dastan) concert with Parviz Meshkatian and the Aref Ensemble recorded live in Bonn (1987).
- Ghaasedak with Parviz Meshkatian and Homayoun Shajarian (1994).
- Dar Khiaal with Majid Derakhshani in Segaah & Bayaat e Zand (Turk) (1995).
- Zemestaan Ast with Keyhan Kalhor in Maahoor and Homaayoun (1999).[33]
- Keyhan Kalhor based on the folk music of Khorasan. Traditional Crossroads(2000).
- Bi To Be Sar Nemishavad with the Masters of Persian Music Ensemble in Navaa and Bayaat e Kord (2002).[34]
- Faryaad with the Masters of Persian Music Ensemble in Raast-panjgaah (2003).
- Devoid Grail with Fereydoun Shahbazian in Mahour and Dashti(2004).
- Serr-e-Eshgh with Parviz Meshkatian and Mohammad Mousavi in Maahoor.
- Sepideh Album with Mohammad Reza Lotfiand Sheyda Ensemble in Maahoor.
- Cheshmeye Noush with Mohammad Reza Lotfiand Majid Khaladj in Raast-panjgaah.
Politics
Shajarian's Bidaad album was recorded after a three-year hiatus from a commercial recording. The album's lyrics speak of a wonderful place having been reduced to shambles and bloodshed, in which he sings in sadness, "what happened?". When giving a lecture at California State University, Sacramento on 2 March 2012, he was asked what the lyrics of this song meant. His response made it clear that he chose these lyrics based on what happened to the Iranian regime after the revolution – a once beautiful country being reduced to shambles.[35] This is widely considered [by whom?] his first commercial recording meant to represent the voice of an oppressed people in Iran.[citation needed]
Shajarian has indicated support for Iranians
After Shajarian criticized the government public and sided with the Green Movement protesters, the state broadcaster
In an interview in 2016, Shajarian stated that "my criticism was a mistake of one person, I am not against the republic system. Our music has always been attacked or criticized by a class of religious people. Of course, some of the deviant music can be like this. But the nature of music is not deviant. I myself am fundamentally opposed to deviant music. We accept the clergy and religion".[39]
Lyrics of his song "Language of Fire," issued in September 2009, — "Lay down your gun, Come, sit down, talk, hear. Perhaps the light of humanity will get through to your heart too" — are thought by some observers to speak "directly to the plainclothes Basiji militiamen and security forces" who had beaten protesters during recent unrest.[3]
In an interview with Hamid Reza Nourbakhsh in 2016, Shajarian said that he was not against the Islamic Republic and that his protest was only against one person (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad). "We say you have no right to insult the people. This is not a fall with the whole system."[40][41][42]
We say you have no right to insult the people. This is not a fall with the whole system
— mohammadreza shajarian, interview withHamid Reza Nourbakhsh, Iran newspaper
Shajarian continues: "Several years ago, we had a concert in Stockholm with the Aref group, led by the living memory of Parviz Meshkatian. As soon as we were present on the group stage, they started chanting. They chanted against the Islamic Republic. The children in the group were all upset. When they chanted, we just sat and listened, and they chanted. They saw that we were not doing anything. Some ordinary people who came also shook hands with us to start our work. I also told Parviz to perform the last ballad and then go. We had two parts of the program, in each of which there were five ballads, and we only performed the last ballad, and we got up and went out, and the children brought their instruments. I told the person announcing the program to say behind the microphone. In honor of those who bought tickets and came from far and near, we performed this ballad. And get your money back and go. Later it turned out that the organizer was one of them, so I came backstage and told him as much as I could.[42]
Later life, death and legacy
While in exile, Shajarian privately sat for a series of rare interviews that form the basis of a feature-length documentary entitled The Voice of Dust and Ash. A leaked clip of the documentary where Shajarian can be heard saying, "I am Mohammad Reza Shajarian, son of Iran. My voice is part of Iran's ancient culture, to remind the people of the world that we have had a culture of love, peace and friendship." went viral on social media twice. Once in 2016 and again upon his death in 2020.[43] Shot in California and Iran, the interviews occurred shortly before he announced his cancer diagnosis and the rapid deterioration of his health. They now constitute his last public testament.[44]
In March 2016, Shajarian revealed that he had had
Shajarian transferred to hospital on 27 January 2020 and had a successful surgery.[48] He was released from hospital on 25 August but was hospitalized again on 5 October.[49][50]
Shajarian died on 8 October 2020 at the age of 80 at intensive care unit of Jam Hospital in Tehran.[51] The cause of his death was not immediately made public.[52] A private religious ceremony was held following day at Behesht-e Zahra in Tehran, before his body being transferred to Mashhad.[53] He was buried at the Tomb of Ferdowsi in Tus, Mashhad, on 10 October.[54]
Personal life
In 1962, Shajarian married teacher Farkhondeh Golafshan when he was 21 years old. They had one son Homayoun and three daughters, Farzaneh (a.k.a. Raheleh), Mojgan and Afsaneh. Afsaneh married Parviz Meshkatian. Shajarian and Golafshan divorced in 1993.[55]
His second marriage was to Katayoun Khansari, sister of his son's wife, in 1995. The couple had one son, Ryan who was born in 1997 in Vancouver, Canada.[56]
Awards and distinctions
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Totals[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wins | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominations | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note
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- NIRT Golden Cup (1977)
- Golden PicassoMedal (1999)
- Nominated for Grammy Award for Best Traditional World Music Album (2004, 2006)
- Nushin Medal (2008)
- The UNESCO Mozart Medal[57] (2006)
- One of 50 great voices.[58](2010)
- French National Order of the Legion of Honour (2014)
- National Order of Merit (2014)[59]
- Aga Khan Trust for Culture (2019)[60]
Discography
Released music albums
Some of the following albums are joint works between Mohammad-Reza Shajarian and Shahram Nazeri or Homayoun Shajarian. Among these works are composers such as Mohammad-Reza Lotfi, Parviz Meshkatian, Hossein Alizadeh and Faramarz Payvar.
- Robaeiat-e Khayyam (1972)
- Chavosh 1 (Be Yad-e Aref) (1977)
- Golbang-e Shajarian (1978)
- Chavosh 2 (1978)
- Sepideh (Chavosh 6) (1979)
- Chavosh 7 (1979)
- Jan Jan (Chavosh 9) (1979)
- Raz-e Del (1979)
- Entezar-e Del (1979)
- Peyvand-e Mehr (1984)
- Astan-e Janan (1985)
- Bidad (1985)
- Serr-e Eshgh (Mahoor) (1986)
- Nava, Morakabkhani (1986)
- Dastan (1988)
- Saz-e Ghese Goo (1988)
- Dood-e Ood (1989)
- Del-e Majnoon (1990–1991)
- Khalvatgozideh (1991)
- Payam-e Nasim (1991)
- Sarv Chaman (1991)
- Asman-e Eshgh (1991)
- Delshodegan (1992)
- Yad-e Ayyam (1992)
- Cheshmeye Noosh (1993)
- Bahariyeh (1994)
- Gonbad-e Mina (1994)
- Jan-e Oshagh (1995)
- Peygham-e Ahl-e Del (1995)
- Dar Khial (1996)
- Rosvaye Del (1996)
- Eshgh Danad (1997)
- Shab-e Vasl (1997)
- Moamaye Hasti (1997)
- Chehreh Be Chehreh (1998)
- Shab, Sokout, Kavir (1998)
- Aram-e Jan (1998)
- Ahang-e Vafa (1999)
- Booye Baran (1999)
- Zemestan Ast (2001)
- Bi To Besar Nemishavad (2002)
- Faryad (2002)
- Hamnava Ba Bam (2003)
- Jam-e Tohi (2004)
- Saz-e Khamoosh (2007)
- Sorood-e Mehr (2007)
- Ghoghaye Eshghbazan (2007)
- Konsert-e Mohammad-Reza Shajarian Va Gorooh-e Ava (2008)
- Konsert-e Mohammad-Reza Shajarian Va Gorooh-e Shahnaz (Randan-e Mast Va Morgh-e Khoshkhan) (2008)
- Ah Baran (2009)
- Zaban-e Atash (2009)
- Randan-e Mast (2009)
- Konsert-e Mohammad-Reza Shajarian Va Gorooh-e Shahnaz Dar Dubai (2010)
- Morgh-e Khoshkhan (2011)
- Ranghaye Taali (2013)
- Tarigh-e Eshgh (2016)
- Khorasaniat (2019)
- Deylaman (Unknown date)
Film title singer
- Love-stricken (1991)
- Abjad (2002)
- It is Winter (2005)
See also
- List of Iranian musicians
- Music of Iran
- National Iranian Symphony Orchestra
References
- ^ BBC Persian Service: Mohammad Reza Shajarian Passes Away Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- ^ Davison, Phil (12 October 2020). "Mohammad Reza Shajarian, classical singer revered in Iran, dies at 80". The Washington Post. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
After the Iranian city of Bam was ravaged by an earthquake in 2003, killing more than 26,000, he organized a benefit concert for survivors and families of the victims.
- ^ a b "IRAN: Famous singer Shajarian decries 'Language of Fire,'". Los Angeles Times. 6 September 2009. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
- ^ "Mohammad Reza Shajarian: Iran's legendary singer dies in Tehran". BBC News. 8 October 2020.
- ^ Tsioulcas, Anastasia. "A Voice Of Iran, Master Singer Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Has Died". NPR.org.
- ^ Brehmer, Marian (9 October 2020). "Mohammad Reza Shajarian embodied the timeless beauty of Persian music". The Guardian.
- ^ زندگینامه
- ^ "استاد شجریان در سوگ مادر". همشهری آنلاین. 9 July 2007.
- ^ "محمدرضا شجریان درگذشت + آخرین عکس و علت فوت". ایمنا. 8 October 2020.
- ^ "محمدرضا شجریان، خواننده ای که تکرار نشد". fa.
- ^ Interview with BBC Persian
- ^ "واکنش معاون اسبق وزیر ارشاد به ثبت ملی ربنای شجریان: "...تا ابد افسانه تو پایدار"".
- ^ زندگینامه: محمدرضا شجریان (۱۳۱۹-۱۳۹۹)
- ^ "زندگینامه: مژگان شجریان (۱۳۴۸-)". همشهری آنلاین. 10 October 2008.
- The Vancouver Sun. 1 May 2008. Archived from the originalon 4 June 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
- ^ "آشنایی با گروه شهناز". همشهری آنلاین. 20 December 2009.
- ^ "Majid Kazemi - In Koja O An Koja (Adrenalism Album)" – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ "Iranian Maestro Mohammad-Reza Shajarian Dies at 80". Iran Front Page. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
- ^ "خسرو آواز ایران است او ..." fa. 1 July 1397.
- ^ درباره محمدرضا شجریان | خسرو آواز و اعتبار موسیقی ایرانی در جهان
- ^ "شاگردان شجریان از استاد میگویند" [Shajarian's students talk about the master]. asrpress.ir (in Persian). 3 January 2017.
- ^ "کافه نوا - فصل 1 قسمت 2: محمد اصفهانی". فیلیمو.
- ^ "گزارشی از نمایشگاه سازهای ابداعی محمدرضا شجریان | موسیقی ما". www.musicema.com. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ^ "Musical Instruments & Inventions". Mohammad Reza Shajarian. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ^ "گزارشی از نمایشگاه سازهای ابداعی محمدرضا شجریان | موسیقی ما". musicema.com. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ "دو شب از کنسرت چهره به چهره ، جشن هنر شیراز سال ۵۶ - شجریان و گروه شیدا". 15 August 2014.
- ^ "Maestro Mohammad Reza Shajarian: بت چین".
- ^ آستان جانان [dead link]
- ^ پیوند مهر ـ محمد رضا شجریان ـ فرهنگ شریف و جهانگیر ملک
- ^ "Maestro Mohammad Reza Shajarian: باغبان گر پنج روزی صحبت گل بایدش".
- ^ نوار دود عود
- ^ [music.iranseda.ir/DetailsProgram/?VALID=TRUE&g=109578 چکاد]
- ^ زمستان است
- ^ "ایسنا". Telegram.
- ^ "سخنرانی محمدرضا شجریان در باره موسیقی ایرانی در دانشگاه سانتابارابا، کالیفرنیا". 21 November 2006 – via www.radiofarda.com.
- ^ "نامه اعتراض آمیز شجريان به ضرغامی". fa.
- ^ Tsioulcas, Anastasia (8 October 2020). "A Voice of Iran, Master Singer Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Has Died". NPR.
- TheGuardian.com. 10 July 2013.
- ^ "محمدرضا شجریان: انتقادم به اشتباه یک فرد بود، با نظام مخالف نیستم". tabnak.ir (in Persian). 6 June 2016.
- ^ "شجریان در آخرین مصاحبه خود چه گفت؟". www.alef.ir. 10 October 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ "استاد شجریان در آخرین مصاحبهاش: وقتی مردم دردی دارند من باید از درد دل آنها بگویم". روزنامه دنیای اقتصاد (in Persian). Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ a b "ناگفته های استاد شجریان در گفتگو با "ایران"/ سه سال خانه نشین بودم که بگویم توده ای نیستم/ " ربنا " چگونه خوانده شد؟ / نمی دانم حرف حساب افراطیون چیست؟/ یک هنرجوی خوب ابتدا باید بتواند خوب تقلید کند". ایران آنلاین. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ Fassihi, Farnaz (10 October 2020). "Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Iranian Master Singer and Dissident, Dies at 80". The New York Times.
- ^ "In Memory of Ostad Shajarian". jadaliyya. 30 October 2020.
- ^ Rudaw – Iran's iconic singer Shajarian hints at cancer, refers to illness as 'old friend'
- ^ "چرا استاد شجریان با سر تراشیده پیام نوروزی داد؟ + ویدیو". fa.
- ^ "یادداشت بهرام بیضایی برای تولد محمدرضا شجریان". خبرگزاری ایلنا. 3 January 2024.
- ^ "بستریشدن شجریان در بیمارستان؛ "عمل جراحی موفق بوده است"". رادیو فردا.
- ^ "استاد محمدرضا شجریان از بیمارستان مرخص شد". همشهری آنلاین. 24 August 2020.
- ^ "بستری شدن دوباره استاد محمدرضا شجریان در بیمارستان؛ "خسرو آواز ایران" در اغما | صدای آمریکا فارسی". ir.voanews.com. 5 October 2020.
- ^ "Legendary Iranian singer Shajarian passes away". Mehr News Agency. 8 October 2020.
- ^ "Mohammad Reza Shajarian: Iran's legendary singer dies in Tehran". BBC News. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- ^ Paying tribute to Iran's legendary maestro
- ^ Fassihi, Farnaz (8 October 2020). "Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Iranian Master Singer and Dissident, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- ^ "همسر استاد شجریان در مراسم تشییع + عکس". www.salameno.com. 10 October 2020.
- ^ "گفت و گویی با خانم کتایون خوانساری- همسراستاد شجریان". iranianuk.com. 8 October 2020.
- ^ روزنا Retrieved 23 January 2007.
- ^ Steve Inkeep (2 September 2010). "Mohammad Reza Shajarian: Protest Through Poetry". NPR. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
- ^ وقتی شجریان، شوالیه فرانسوی ها شد +تصاویر
- ^ "جایزه ویژه بنیاد آقاخان به محمدرضا شجریان تقدیم شد فارسی". BBC News. 1 April 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2023.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
Additional sources
- Laudan Nooshin, in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie, second edition (Macmillan, London, 2001). ISBN 0-19-517067-9.
External links
- Official website
- Mohammad-Reza Shajarian discography at Discogs