Nayagram (community development block)
Nayagram | ||
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Community development block | ||
Vidhan Sabha constituency Nayagram | | |
Website | jhargram |
Nayagram is a
History
The Nayagram block, historically part of Nayagram estate, encompassed parganas Khelar Nayagram, Dippa Kiarchand, and Jamirapal, spanning both banks of the
Red corridor
106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being a part of the left wing extremism activities, constitutes the Red corridor. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there has been no reported incidents of Maoist related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.[4] In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.[5]
The Lalgarh movement, which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.[6] The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of CRPF and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the 2011 state assembly elections and change of government in West Bengal. The death of Kishenji, the Maoist commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.[6][7]
From 2009 Maoist violence had rapidly spread across eleven western CD blocks of the district: Binpur I, Binpur II, Salboni, Garhbeta II, Jamboni, Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Gopiballavpur I, Gopiballavpur II, Sankrail and Nayagram.[8]
Geography
The Chota Nagpur Plateau gradually slopes down creating an undulating area with infertile laterite rocks/ soil. In Nayagram CD block 90% of the cultivated area has lateritic soil and 10% has alluvial soil. Nayagram CD block is drought prone with a particularly severe drought situation.[9]
Nayagram is located at 22°01′55″N 87°10′41″E / 22.0319°N 87.1781°E.
Nayagram CD block is bounded by
It is located 53 km from Midnapore, the district headquarters.
Nayagram CD block has an area of 501.44 km2. It has 1
Nayagram CD block had a forest cover of 15,400 hectares, against a total geographical area of 50,560 hectares in 2005-06.[12]
Gram panchayats of Nayagram block panchayat samiti are: Arrah, Baligeria, Barakhakri, Baranigui, Berajal, Chandabila, Chandrarekha, Jamirapal, Kharikamathani, Malam, Nayagram and Patina.[13]
Demographics
Population
According to the
According to the 2001 census, Nayagram block had a total population of 123,929, out of which 62,588 were males and 61,341 were females. Nayagram block registered a population growth of 16.38 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.[15] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent.[16]
Villages in Nayagram CD block included (2011 census figures in brackets): Nayagram (2,300), Patina (884), Chandabila (967), Chandrarekha (542), Arra (684), Baligeria (444), Kharikamathani (2002), Malam (991), Jamirapat (769) and Berajal (288).[14]
Literacy
According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Nayagram CD block was 79,369 (63.70% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 46,340 (74.06% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 33,029 (53.25% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 20.81%.[14]
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Literacy in CD Blocks of Paschim Medinipur district |
---|
Jhargram subdivision |
Binpur I – 69.74% |
Binpur II – 70.46% |
Gopiballavpur I – 65.44% |
Gopiballavpur II – 71.40% |
Jamboni – 72.63% |
Jhargram – 72.23% |
Nayagram – 63.70% |
Sankrail – 73.35%
|
Medinipur Sadar subdivision |
Garhbeta I – 72.21% |
Garhbeta II – 75.87% |
Garhbeta III – 73.42% |
Keshpur – 77.88% |
Midnapore Sadar – 70.48% |
Salboni – 74.87% |
Ghatal subdivision |
Chandrakona I – 78.93% |
Chandrakona II – 75.96% |
Daspur I – 83.99% |
Daspur II – 85.62% |
Ghatal – 81.08% |
Kharagpur subdivision |
Dantan I – 73.53% |
Dantan II – 82.45% |
Debra – 82.03% |
Keshiari – 76.78% |
Kharagpur I – 77.06% |
Kharagpur II – 76.08% |
Mohanpur – 80.51% |
Narayangarh – 78.31% |
Pingla – 83.57% |
Sabang – 86.84% |
Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
Language and religion
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 121,502 and formed 85.45% of the population in Nayagram CD block. Christians numbered 2,514 and formed 1.77% of the population. Muslims numbered 1,713 and formed 1.20% of the population. Others numbered 16,470 and formed 11.58% of the population.[17] Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[18] and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 80.59%, Muslims 1.07%, Christians 1.73% and tribal religions 16.53% of the population respectively.[19]
At the time of the 2011 census, 59.88% of the population spoke Bengali, 29.79% Santali, 3.81% Kurmali, 3.20% Mundari and 1.26% Odia as their first language.[20]
BPL families
In Nayagram CD block 69.26% families were living
According to the District Human Development Report of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).[21]
Economy
Infrastructure
280 or 83% of mouzas in Nayagram CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.[22]
322 mouzas in Nayagram CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 54 fertiliser depots, 6 seed stores and 38
Agriculture
Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of
In 2005-06 net cropped area in Nayagram CD block was 22,826 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 15,126 hectares.[24]
The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.[25] In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Nayagram CD block was 5,300 hectares, out of which 1,500 hectares were by tank water, 300 hectares by deep tubewells, 600 hectares by shallow tube wells, 500 hectares by river lift irrigation, 900 hectares by open dug wells and 1,500 hectares by other methods.[22]
In 2013-14, Nayagram CD block produced 3,745 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 3,065 hectares, 784 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 367 hectares, 1,234 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 421 hectares and 42,599 tonnes of potatoes from 1,403 hectares. It also produced mustard.[22]
Banking
In 2013-14, Nayagram CD block had offices of 10 commercial banks.[22]
Transport
Nayagram CD block has 5 ferry services and 11 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 25 km from the CD block headquarters.[22]
State Highway 9 originating from Durgapur (in Paschim Bardhaman district) terminates at Nayagram.[26]
Education
In 2013-14, Nayagram CD block had 164 primary schools with 9,046 students, 24 middle schools with 1,355 students and 20 higher secondary schools with 14,309 students. Nayagram CD block had 525 institutions for special and non-formal education with 12,180 students.[22]
The United Nations Development Programme considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Sankrail CD block out of the total 151 primary schools in 2008-2009, 113 had pucca buildings, 12 partially pucca and 26 multiple type.[27]
Nayagram and Gopiballavpur I CD blocks have been identified as educationally backward blocks and special efforts are being made through National Programme of Education for Girls at Elementary Level and Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya hostels. These are the hostels for accommodating girl students from weaker sections of the society and all costs relating to their livelihood are borne by the government so that they are not to be deprived of availing elementary education for want of money or other social issues.[27]
Healthcare
Kharikamathani Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Kharikamathani, is the major government medical facility in Nayagram CD block. There are primary health centres at: Chandabila (with 10 beds), Jamirapal (with 6 beds) and Baligeria (with 6 beds).[29][30]
The 300-bedded Sperspecialty Hospital at Nayagram was inaugurated in 2015.[31]
References
- ^ Chatterjee, Gouripada (1986). Midnapore, the Forerunner of India's Freedom Struggle. Mittal Publications. pp. 114–115.
- ^ O’malley, L. S. S. (1995). Bengal District Gazetteers - Midnapore.
- ^ Government Of India. (1941). Indian Historical Records Commission Proceedings Of Meetings Vol Xvii.
- ^ Singh, Vijayita. "Red Corridor to be redrawn". The Hindu, 25 July 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
- ^ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 271. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ^ a b "Lalgarh Battle". Frontline. 17 July 2009. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ "Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement". The Hindu. 25 November 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 271. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). page 4 (About Paschim Medinipur), page 26 (Predominant Soil), pages 265- 268 (Identification of Flood prone areas, Names of drought prone blocks). Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ^ "District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
- ^ "District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Table 2.4, Page 28. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
- ^ a b c "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
- ^ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
- ^ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
- ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ^ "Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal". Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2001.
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ a b "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 177. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ^ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ "District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Table 2.4, Page 28. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
- ^ a b "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Pages: 60-75. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ^ "Nayagram PRM Government College". Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
- ^ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ^ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ^ "Mamata inaugurates new multi superspeciality hospitals for districts". Web India 123. Retrieved 4 May 2020.