New Italian Socialist Party
New Italian Socialist Party Nuovo Partito Socialista Italiano | |
---|---|
President | Stefano Caldoro |
Secretary | Lucio Barani |
Founded | 19 January 2001 |
Merger of | Socialist League Socialist Party |
Headquarters | Via Archimede 10, Rome |
Newspaper | È ora |
Youth wing | Movimento Giovani per le Riforme |
Membership (2015) | 6,500 [1] |
Ideology | Social democracy[2] Liberalism[2][3] |
Political position | Centre[4] |
National affiliation | Coalition: Centre-right coalition (2008–present) House of Freedoms (2001–2008) Political party: Forza Italia (2013–2015, 2018–2022) The People of Freedom (2008–2013) |
Colors | Red (official) Pink (customary) |
Chamber of Deputies | 1 / 400 (Into Forza Italia) |
Senate | 0 / 200 |
European Parliament | 0 / 73 |
Regional Councils | 2 / 897 |
Website | |
www | |
The New Italian Socialist Party[5][6] or New PSI[7][8] (Italian: Nuovo Partito Socialista Italiano or Nuovo PSI, NPSI), more recently styled as Liberal Socialists – NPSI, is a political party in Italy which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the historical Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani pulite).
The party was founded in 2001 as Socialist Party – New PSI (Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI),
The main leader of the party was Gianni De Michelis, who left the party in 2007 and was replaced by Stefano Caldoro. In 2007, several members also left to join the Socialist Party, allied with the centre-left, while what remained of the NPSI was merged into the centre-right PdL. From 2010 to 2015, party leader Caldoro served as President of Campania for the PdL. The party was later affiliated with the new Forza Italia.
History
Foundation
The party was founded on 19 January 2001 by the merger of the Socialist Party of Gianni De Michelis, the Socialist League of Bobo Craxi and former members of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party.
2001 general election
At its founding congress, the NPSI decided to enter the centre-right House of Freedoms (CdL) coalition led by Silvio Berlusconi (a former friend of Bettino Craxi) as the centre-left was considered too compromised with the Mani pulite investigation, upon which the old Italian Socialist Party was disbanded while the ex Communists were not touched.
The centre-right won the
2004 European Parliament election
At the 2004 European Parliament election, the NPSI formed an alliance with small social democratic movements and parties such as Socialist Unity, founded and headed by Claudio Signorile. The list, named United Socialists for Europe, gained 2.0% of the vote and two MEPs, De Michelis and Alessandro Battilocchio. In Calabria, the list gained 7.0%, the highest result ever for the party. The party was denied membership of the Group of the Party of European Socialists and the two NPSI MEPs sat as Non-Inscrits. They eventually joined the Party of European Socialists in October 2007 as members of the newly formed Socialist Party (PS).
At the
De Michelis vs. Craxi
In October 2005, a national congress was held in Rome in order to deliberate the political line to be held by the party, particularly about electoral coalitions. During the congress, which was characterised by a heated atmosphere and several controversies, Craxi, who supported a "unity towards left" within The Union and an immediate retirement from Berlusconi's government, challenged De Michelis, who instead asked the congress to delay the decision.
De Michelis received support from Caldoro, Maroni and Battilocchio whereas Craxi was supported by Milioto, Crinò and Saverio Zavettieri, the powerful Calabrian leader of the party. At some point, De Michelis unrecognised the congress, declaring it had never been officially opened and abandoned it with all of his supporters. The remaining delegates thus elected Craxi secretary. Later, the Tribunal of Rome nullified the congress's outcome.
2006 general election
Craxi's faction abandoned the party immediately after the sentence, was re-organised into The Italian Socialists and joined The Union. After winning the legal dispute for the symbol and the leadership of the NPSI, De Michelis led the party into an alliance with Gianfranco Rotondi's Christian Democracy for Autonomies (DCA) at the 2006 general election.
The DCA-NPSI list gained a mere 0.7% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies and 0.6% for the Senate. It still had six deputies elected because as the list that received more votes under the 2% threshold in its alliance, the CdL. Of these, two were of the NPSI, namely Lucio Barani and Del Bue. Two more candidates were elected as candidates of Forza Italia (Moroni and Giovanni Ricevuto), but they abandoned the party in May, fearing that it was heading out of the centre-right coalition. Nonetheless, the NPSI and its two MPs formed a joint parliamentary group with the DCA comprising six MPs in total, which made it a minimal force in Parliament.
Caldoro vs. De Michelis
In June 2007, the NPSI split among those who wanted to participate to the foundation of a joint Socialist Party along with the Italian Democratic Socialists of Enrico Boselli, The Italian Socialists of Bobo Craxi and the Association for the Rose in the Fist of Lanfranco Turci and those who wanted to maintain the allegiance to the House of Freedoms coalition. The first group was led by De Michelis, the latter by Caldoro.
From some time, the NPSI had actually two leaderships, which were elected in two separate congresses. On 24 June, Stefano Caldoro was elected secretary of the right-wing faction of the party
Events occurred after 2008
At the 2008 general election, the NPSI got two deputies re-elected on the PdL list, namely Caldoro and Barani. In March 2009, the party was merged into the PdL, but it has retained some of its autonomy. In the 2010 Campania regional election, Caldoro was elected president by a landslide. Following his election, Caldoro was replaced as secretary by Barani. Caldoro was then elected president of the party.[21]
In 2013, the NPSI joined Forza Italia (FI), the new party born from the PdL's ashes.
In 2015, Barani stepped down from secretary after having joined the
In the 2018 general election, Battilocchio was elected to the Chamber from the single-seat constituency of Civitavecchia with the support of the centre-right coalition.[27] After his election, Battilocchio, who was also a member of FI, joined FI's parliamentary group. Subsequently, in 2019, Barani was re-appointed secretary of the party.[28]
In the 2022 general election Battilocchio was re-elected to the Chamber of Deputies,[29][30] while Caldoro failed to be elected to the Senate.[31] Following this and Caldoro's exclusion from the Meloni government,[32] the NPSI broke its alignment with FI,[33][34] while continuing to support the government.[35] In July 2023 the NPSI formed an agreement with the Union of the Centre and Green is Popular / Christian Democracy with Rotondi in the Regional Council of Campania.[36][37][38]
Electoral results
Italian Parliament
Chamber of Deputies | ||||||
Election year | No. of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
No. of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | 353,269 (13th) | 0.93 | 3 / 630
|
–
|
Gianni De Michelis | |
2006 | 285,474 (13th) | 0.74 | 4 / 630
|
1
|
Gianni De Michelis | |
2008 | with PdL | – | 2 / 630
|
2
|
Stefano Caldoro | |
2013 | with PdL | – | 0 / 630
|
2
|
Stefano Caldoro | |
2018 | into FI[a] | – | 1 / 630
|
1
|
Stefano Caldoro | |
2022 | into FI | – | 1 / 400
|
–
|
Stefano Caldoro |
- ^ Alessandro Battilocchio was an individual candidate of Forza Italia within the centre-right coalition and was elected from the single-seat constituency of Civitavecchia.
Senate of the Republic | |||||
Election year | No. of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
No. of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | with CdL | – | 1 / 315
|
–
|
Gianni De Michelis |
2006 | 190,724 (15th) | 0.55 | 0 / 315
|
1
|
Gianni De Michelis |
2008 | with PdL | – | 0 / 315
|
–
|
Stefano Caldoro |
2013 | with PdL | – | 1 / 315
|
1
|
Stefano Caldoro |
2018 | into FI | – | 0 / 315
|
1
|
Stefano Caldoro |
2022 | into FI | – | 0 / 200
|
–
|
Stefano Caldoro |
European Parliament
Election year | No. of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
No. of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004[a] | 664,463 (11th) | 2.04 | 2 / 72
|
–
|
Gianni De Michelis |
- ^ Into United Socialists for Europe, including also Socialist Unity.
Leadership
- President: Bobo Craxi (2001–2002), Vincenzo Milioto (2002–2005), Francesco Pizzo (2005–2007), Roberto Scheda (2007–2009), Stefano Caldoro (2011–present)
- Secretary: Gianni De Michelis (2001–2007), Stefano Caldoro (2007–2011), Lucio Barani (2011–2015; 2019–present)
- Deputy Secretary: Bobo Craxi (2002–2005), Mauro Del Bue (2003–2006), Chiara Moroni (2005–2006), Alessandro Battilocchio (2006–2007), Francesco Pizzo (2006–2007), Franco Spedale (2007–2010), Franco Caruso (2007–2011), Adolfo Collice (2007–2011), Francesco Pizzo (2010–2015), Laura Schianchi (2011–2015), Michele Simone (2021–present)
- Coordinator: Stefano Caldoro (2006–2007), Antonino Di Trapani (2007–2015), Guido Marone (2015–2021), Alessandro Battilocchio (2015–2021), Antonio Fasolino (2015–2021)
- Spokesman: Claudio Martelli (2001–2002), Bobo Craxi (2002–2005), Chiara Moroni (2005–2006), Mauro Del Bue (2006–2007)
- Treasurer: Lucio Barani (2007–2011), Massimo Lo Faro (2011–2021)
References
- ^ Il Manifesto. 30.12.2015
- ^ ISBN 978-1-317-55437-0.
- ISBN 9780199291472.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2006). "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 31 October 2007.
- ISBN 9780191531514– via Google Books.
- ISBN 9781571816115– via Google Books.
- ISBN 9781506399089– via Google Books.
- ISBN 9780199669745– via Google Books.
- ISBN 9783732292509.
- ^ "la Repubblica/politica: Nasce il Nuovo Psi Alle urne con Berlusconi". www.repubblica.it.
- ^ Ecco il Nuovo Psi 4.0, il partito di Caldoro ora punta sui social
- ^ Caldoro: il Nuovo Psi ricomincia dai giovani
- ^ "Caldoro segretario del Nuovo Psi". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ "Socialisti: Del Bue, Piu' Impegno Nuovo Psi Verso Costituente". Adnkronos.com. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ "De Michelis: costituente socialista Caldoro: tu vuoi andare a sinistra". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ Redazione Tgcom (2008-09-25). "Tgcom - Nuovo Psi, De Michelis presidente". Tgcom24.mediaset.it. Archived from the original on 2013-10-03. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ Gabriele Maestri, I simboli della discordia, Giuffrè, Milan 2012, pp. 119-120
- ^ Gabriele Maestri, I simboli della discordia, Giuffrè, Milan 2012, pp. 120-121
- ^ "Gianni DE MICHELIS". Europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ "Alessandro BATTILOCCHIO". Europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ "Lucio Barani eletto segretario nazionale - Cronaca - il Tirreno". Iltirreno.gelocal.it. 2011-06-26. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
- ^ "Nuovo Psi: il segretario Barani aderisce al gruppo Verdini ma rischia l'espulsione". Il Fatto Quotidiano (in Italian). July 27, 2015.
- ^ "Nuovo Psi, Lucio Barani si dimette da segretario nazionale | Agenparl". Archived from the original on 2015-09-25.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "E' frattura fra Forza Italia e Nuovo Psi". Ottopagine.it. October 30, 2015.
- ^ "Nuovo Psi, Fasolino coordinatore nazionale". Ottopagine.it. October 24, 2015.
- ^ "Nuovo Psi, un piede in due scarpe: la strana coppia Caldoro-Barani". AvellinoToday.
- ^ "Elezioni: Nuovo Psi, auguri a riformisti Battilocchio e Craxi". Agenzia Nova.
- ^ Nuovo Psi, Lucio Barani eletto segretario nazionale
- ^ Elezioni, dal Nuovo Psi appello al voto a favore di Forza Italia
- ^ Alessandro Battilocchio eletto nuovamente alla Camera
- ^ La Campania miete vittime eccellenti: ko Di Maio, Caldoro e Lonardo
- ^ Forza Italia perde i pezzi, se ne va pure l’ex ministro Caldoro
- ^ Il nuovo Psi rompe il patto federativo con Forza Italia: "Nel centrodestra per l’area liberale e riformista"
- ^ Stefano Caldoro lascia Forza Italia e rilancia il nuovo Psi: «Ridefiniamo il ruolo di riformisti e liberali»
- ^ "Caldoro: "Liberali e riformisti saranno in campo per sostenere le battaglie della premier" - le Cronache". 30 December 2022.
- ^ "Campania: In Consiglio nasce gruppo 'Moderati e Riformisti' - l'Assemblea informa - Ansa.it". 14 July 2023.
- ^ "Regione Campania: Nasce il gruppo "Moderati e Riformisti", l'assist di Fratelli d'Italia".
- ^ ""Moderati e riformisti". Quella gamba centrista che guarda alla Meloni". 26 July 2023.