Italia Viva
Italia Viva | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | IV |
President | Matteo Renzi |
Coordinator | Raffaella Paita |
Founded | 18 September 2019 |
Split from | Democratic Party |
Headquarters | Via della Colonna Antonina 52, Rome |
Ideology | Liberalism[1][2] (Italy) |
Political position | Centre[3] |
National affiliation | United States of Europe (2024) |
European affiliation | European Democratic Party |
European Parliament group | Renew Europe |
Parliamentary affiliation | Action – Italia Viva (2022–2023) |
Colours | Fuchsia |
Chamber of Deputies | 9 / 400 |
Senate | 7 / 200 |
European Parliament[a] | 1 / 76 |
Regional Councils | 15 / 896 |
Conference of Regions | 0 / 21 |
Website | |
italiaviva | |
|
Italia Viva (lit. 'Italy Alive', IV) is a liberal political party in Italy founded in September 2019.[4] The party is led by Matteo Renzi, a former Prime Minister of Italy and former secretary of the Democratic Party (PD).[5] As of 2021, Italia Viva is a member of the European Democratic Party.[6]
History
Background
Speculations over a new party led by Renzi date back to 2012, when he was defeated by Bersani in the run-off of the centre-left primary election.[13] Rumors stopped when Renzi was elected secretary of the PD in December 2013. He also became Prime Minister in February 2014.[14] He led the party to huge electoral success in the 2014 European Parliament election (40.8%), but badly lost the 2016 Italian constitutional referendum (59.1% to 40.9%), which caused his resignation as Prime Minister.
After the PD's defeat in the 2018 general election,[15] in which the PD only gained 18.7% of vote, forcing Renzi to resign as secretary,[16][17] rumours of a split emerged.[18] In March 2019, Nicola Zingaretti, a social democrat and a prominent member of the party's left wing who had roots in the Italian Communist Party, won the leadership election by a landslide, defeating Maurizio Martina (Renzi's former deputy secretary) and Roberto Giachetti (supported by most Renziani).[19] Zingaretti focused his campaign on a clear contrast with Renzi's policies and, according to pundits, his victory opened the way for a major shift in the character of the Democratic Party.[20][21]
In August 2019, tensions grew within the coalition supporting
Foundation
On 16 September, in an interview to
The split was condemned by the PD's leadership: Zingaretti described it as a "mistake",[36] while Dario Franceschini called it a "big problem".[37][38] Beppe Grillo, founder of the M5S, described Renzi's actions as "an act of narcissism".[39] Prime Minister Conte declared his perplexity too, saying that Renzi "should have informed [him] before the birth of the government".[40] Additionally, Il Foglio revealed that internet domains italiaviva.eu and italiaviva.org were created on 9 August 2019, hinting that the split had been prepared in advance.[41] The following day, la Repubblica revealed that the domains were bought by Alessandro Risso, a former member of Christian Democracy and the PPI from Piedmont.[42] However, Risso explained that his moves had nothing to do with Renzi, whom he opposed.[43]
Italia Viva's backbone was largely based on the Committees of Civil Action of Back to the Future, launched by Renzi during the 2018 Leopolda convention in Florence[44] and seen by some people as the initial step of a new party.[45] Ettore Rosato, the organiser of the committees, and Bellanova were appointed party's coordinators.[46]
In October, during the Leopolda annual convention, the logo of IV was unveiled. It featured a stylised
Road to the 2022 general election
In February,
In January 2021, IV withdrew its support for Conte's second government, triggering a political crisis.
In December 2021, IV joined the European Democratic Party.[56]
In December 2022, Renzi was elected president of the party, replacing Rosato and Bellanova.[57]
2022 general election and aftermath
In the run-up of the 2022 general election, the party, which refused to join, or was refused entry to, the PD-led centre-left coalition,[58][59] joined forces with the National Civic List[60] (put forward by Federico Pizzarotti of Italia in Comune and Piercamillo Falasca of L'Italia c'è) and the Italian Republican Party (PRI).[61] Most importantly, IV formed a joint electoral list with Carlo Calenda's Action.[62][63][64] The joint list obtained 7.8% of the vote.
After the election, Renzi frequently clashed with Calenda,[65][66] leaving the alliance's future uncertain. The party continued to achieve high-profile recruits, notably including senator Enrico Borghi from the PD,[67][68] deputies Naike Gruppioni and Isabella De Monte from Action[69][70] and Dafne Musolino from South calls North.[71] In September 2023, Renzi announced that IV would run in the 2024 European Parliament election within a brand new coalition/list named "The Centre".[72][73] This led Elena Bonetti to leave the party in order to seek an alternative alliance with Action.[74][75] Also Ettore Rosato was critical and seemed interested in joining Action, but, before leaving the party, he was expelled by Renzi.[76][77] Subsequently, Bonetti and Rosato launched Populars Europeanists Reformers[78] and, in January 2024, joined Action.[79][80]
In October 2023 the party held its first national congress, during which Renzi was re-elected president.[81]
In March 2024 the party dropped the idea of "The Centre" list in favour of a broader, liberal and pro-Europeanist list named "United States of Europe", which will include also More Europe, the Italian Radicals, the Italian Socialist Party and the European Liberal Democrats, in order to overcome the 4% electoral threshold.[82][83] In late April the list was joined also by L'Italia c'è.[84]
Ideology
Part of a series on |
Liberalism |
---|
Italia Viva is considered a
Renzi described his party as a "young, innovative and
Electoral results
Italian Parliament
Chamber of Deputies | |||||
Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2022 | Into A–IV | 7.8 | 9 / 400
|
9
|
Senate of the Republic | |||||
Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2022 | Into A–IV | 7.8 | 5 / 200
|
5
|
Regional Councils
Region | Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Status in legislature |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aosta Valley | 2020 | In a joint list with AV and Edelweiss | 0 / 35
|
–
|
No seats | |
Lombardy | 2023 | Into Action – Italia Viva | 2 / 80
|
2
|
Opposition | |
Veneto | 2020 | In a joint list with PSI and PRI | 0 / 51
|
–
|
No seats | |
Friuli-Venezia Giulia | 2023 | Into Action – Italia Viva | 0 / 48
|
–
|
No seats | |
Emilia-Romagna | 2020 | Into Bonaccini list | 1 / 50
|
1
|
No seats | |
Liguria | 2020 | In a joint list with More Europe and PSI | 0 / 41
|
–
|
No seats | |
Tuscany | 2020 | In a joint list with More Europe | 2 / 41
|
2
|
Majority | |
Lazio | 2023 | Into Action – Italia Viva | 2 / 51
|
2
|
Opposition | |
Apulia | 2020 | 18,025 (14th) | 1.1 | 0 / 51
|
–
|
No seats |
Campania | 2020
|
173,870 (5th) | 7.4 | 4 / 41
|
4
|
Majority |
Sicily | 2022 | Into Action – Italia Viva | 0 / 70
|
–
|
No seats |
Leadership
- President: Ettore Rosato and Teresa Bellanova (2019–2022), Matteo Renzi (2022–present)
- Coordinator: Raffaella Paita (2023–present)
- Party leader in the Chamber of Deputies: Maria Elena Boschi (2019–2022), Mauro Del Barba (2022–2023), Davide Faraone (2023–present)
- Party leader in the Senate: Davide Faraone (2019–2022), Raffaella Paita (2022–2023), Enrico Borghi (2023–present)
See also
References
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External links
- Civic Action Committees official website Archived 20 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine