Pliorhinus

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Pliorhinus
Temporal range: Late Miocene–Pliocene
Skull of Pliorhinus megarhinus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Rhinocerotidae
Subtribe:
Rhinocerotina
Genus: Pliorhinus
Pandolfi et al., 2021
Species
  • Pliorhinus megarhinus (de Christol, 1834) (type)
  • Pliorhinus miguelcrusafonti (Guérin & Santafé-Lopis, 1978)
  • Pliorhinus ringstoemi (Arambourg, 1959)

Pliorhinus is an extinct genus of rhinoceros known from the Late Miocene and Pliocene of Eurasia. The type species, Pliorhinus megarhinus, was previously assigned to Dihoplus.

Taxonomy

The genus was named in 2021 to accommodate two species that had previously been included in a wide variety of rhinoceros genera, including Dihoplus and Stephanorhinus.[1]

  • P. megarhinus (de Christol, 1834) known from the Late Miocene-Pliocene of Europe, Anatolia, and Transbaikalia.[2][3]
  • P. miguelcrusafonti (Guérin & Santafé-Lopis, 1978) known from the Pliocene of Europe
  • P. ringstoemi (Arambourg, 1959), Late Miocene of China. (previously synonymised with P. megarhinus,[2] but now regarded as distinct[4])

Species of Pliorhinus are medium-large sized two horned rhinoceroses, which have a nasal notch located above the molars, and are distinguished from other rhinoceroses by various characters of the teeth. P. megarhinus is noted for having a relatively flat skull roof.[1] Species of Pliorhinus are suggested to be closely related and possibly ancestral to Stephanorhinus.[5]

Morphological phylogeny after Pandolfi (2023), excluding living African rhinoceros species.[5]

Hyrachyus eximius

Tapirus terrestris
(South American tapir)

Rhinocerotidae

Trigonias osborni

Ronzotherium filholi

Aceratheriini
Teleoceratina
Rhinocerotina
Nesorhinus

Nesorhinus hayasakai

Nesorhinus philippinensis

Rhinoceros

Rhinoceros sondaicus
(Javan rhinoceros)

Rhinoceros unicornis
(Indian rhinoceros)

Dicerorhinus

Dicerorhinus gwebinensis

Dicerorhinus fusuiensis

Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
(Sumatran rhinoceros)

Dihoplus schleiermacheri

"Dihoplus" pikermiensis

Coelodonta

Coelodonta thibetana

Coelodonta nihowanensis

Coelodonta tologoijensis

Coelodonta antiquitatis antiquitatis
(woolly rhinoceros)

Coelodonta antiquitatis praecursor
(woolly rhinoceros)

Pliorhinus

Pliorhinus megarhinus

Pliorhinus miguelcrusafonti

Stephanorhinus

Stephanorhinus jeanvireti

Stephanorhinus etruscus

Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis

Stephanorhinus hemitoechus
(Narrow-nosed or steppe rhinoceros)

Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Merck's or forest rhinoceros)

Ecology

P. megarhinus is suggested to have been a browser or mixed feeder.[6]

References