Presidency of Andrés Manuel López Obrador
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Election | 2018 |
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Seat | The National Palace |
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The Presidency of Andrés Manuel López Obrador began on 1 December 2018, when he became the 65th
Events prior to presidency
López Obrador participated in the
Timeline
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Conferencia_de_prensa_del_Presidente_de_M%C3%A9xico_-_Mi%C3%A9rcoles_24_de_junio_de_2020_9.jpg/250px-Conferencia_de_prensa_del_Presidente_de_M%C3%A9xico_-_Mi%C3%A9rcoles_24_de_junio_de_2020_9.jpg)
López Obrador's political party MORENA would form the coalition
In the Congressional elections, the coalition managed to win the majority of seats in both the Senate and Chamber of Deputies. The coalition also managed to win 5 governorships, among them
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Reuni%C3%B3n_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto-L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_en_Palacio_Nacional_2.jpg/220px-Reuni%C3%B3n_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto-L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_en_Palacio_Nacional_2.jpg)
Following López Obrador's victory, he would go on to meet current President Enrique Peña Nieto at the National Palace.[6] At the meeting he said that he would not travel with armed people in a break with what the Mexican presidency usually does.[6]
He declared that he will take a 60% salary pay cut.
International reaction
López Obrador's victory was met by various reactions around the world.[further explanation needed][9] Congratulations came from world politicians that included Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau,[10] Russian President Vladimir Putin[11] and US President Donald Trump.
Personnel
Campaign team
At the helm of López Obrador's campaign team was
Transition team
Most of the people in López Obrador's campaign team joined his transition team in order to prepare for the inauguration and the subsequent 6-year presidential term that will last from 1 December 2018 to 30 September 2024.[13]
Proposed cabinet
In December 2017, López Obrador released his cabinet listing, composed of 8 men and 8 women. He proposed dispersing the
In December 2017, he presented his proposed cabinet:[16]
- Olga Sánchez Cordero as Secretary of the Interior
- Héctor Vasconcelos as Secretary of Foreign Affairs*
- Carlos Manuel Urzúa Macías as Secretary of Finance
- Maria Luisa Alboresas Secretary of Social Development
- Josefa González Blanco Ortiz Mena as Secretary of Environment
- Rocío Nahle as Secretary of Energy
- Graciela Márquez Colín as Secretary of Economy
- Esteban Moctezuma Barragán as Secretary of Education
- Víctor Villalobos as Secretary of Agriculture
- Javier Jiménez Espriú as Secretary of Communications
- Irma Eréndira Sandoval as Secretary of the Civil Service
- Jorge Alcocer Varela as Secretary of Health
- Luisa María Alcalde Lujanas Secretary of Labor
- Román Meyer Falcón as Secretary of Agrarian Development and Urban Planning
- Miguel Torruco Marqués as Secretary of Tourism
- Alejandra Frausto Guerrero as Secretary of Culture
Replacements
Héctor Vasconcelos was replaced by Marcelo Ebrard on 5 July 2018.[17]
Presidency
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Inauguration
On 1 December 2018, Obrador was inaugurated at the
The foreign representation at the inauguration included the attendance of 14 heads of state and government:[18]
- Felipe VI, King of Spain
- Miguel Díaz-Canel (President of Cuba)[19]
- Evo Morales (President of Bolivia)
- Martín Vizcarra (President of Peru)
- Juan Orlando Hernández (President of Honduras)
- Jimmy Morales (President of Guatemala)
- Lenín Moreno (President of Ecuador)
- Iván Duque Márquez (President of Colombia)
- Brahim Gali (President of Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)
- Governor General of Belize)
- Julie Payette (Governor General of Canada)
- Danilo Medina (President of the Dominican Republic)
- Jovenel Moïse (President of Haiti)
- António Costa (Prime Minister of Portugal)
President of Venezuela Nicolás Maduro did not attend the inauguration ceremony, but did attend a reception in the National Palace. Representatives from 37 countries, including the United States, China, Singapore, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Russia, and Ukraine also attended.
Fulfilling a campaign promise, he opened Los Pinos to the public later on 1 December and simultaneously moved the presidential offices back to the National Palace.[20]
After inauguration
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez_visita_M%C3%A9xico_04.jpg/220px-Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez_visita_M%C3%A9xico_04.jpg)
Lopez Obrador gave his Primer Informe del Gobierno (State of the Union address) on September 1, 2019, before 400 legislators, governors, and business leaders. During his hour-and-a-half speech, he emphasized how he has eliminated a lot of corruption and helped the poor.[21] The speech generated 125,000 tweets and 27,000,000 viewers.[22]
Political platform and policies
Foreign policy
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Conferencia_de_Prensa_de_Evo_Morales_en_el_Museo_de_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_3.jpg/250px-Conferencia_de_Prensa_de_Evo_Morales_en_el_Museo_de_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_3.jpg)
As of December 2019, he has not visited any foreign country since assuming office, often saying that "The best foreign policy is domestic policy". in October.
During the
On July 8, 2020, he made his first foreign trip as President to
.![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/P20211118AS-2614_%2851847147105%29.jpg/220px-P20211118AS-2614_%2851847147105%29.jpg)
On November 18, 2021, President Joe Biden hosted Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada and President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico at the White House for the first North American Leaders' Summit (NALS) since 2016.
In 2021 and 2022, López Obrador advocated for a regional union, comprising the nations of the Americas, resembling the European Union.[33][34][35][36][37]
In March 2023, López Obrador defended former U.S. president Donald Trump against a potential indictment, saying that "Right now, former President Trump is declaring that they are going to arrest. If that were the case...it would be so that his name doesn't appear on the ballot.”[38] The same month, he lashed out at the United States, claiming the country is "anti-democratic" in seeking to arrest Julian Assange and deny Trump an opportunity to seek re-election. He also referenced the allegations that the U.S. is responsible for the 2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage instead of Russia, saying "If we are talking about acts of violence, how is it that an award-winning journalist in the United States claims that the US government sabotaged the gas pipeline from Russia to Europe?", and criticized the fentanyl epidemic in America.[39][40]
Military and security
Shortly after his inauguration, he dissolved the
Before becoming President, Obrador campaigned on a promise to take the military off the streets of Mexico. In keeping with this promise, he released a plan to create a
Ovidio Guzmán López, a high-ranking member of the Sinaloa Cartel and son of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán was briefly arrested in Culiacán by members of the National Guard in October 2019, setting off an operation which resulted in several deaths and Guzmán's release by authorities.[49][50][51] Hours later, Ovidio Guzmán was freed,[52] and President Obrador supported the decision in order to "prevent more bloodshed" as well as "a massacre".[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]
Drug war
One of his campaign promises in relation to the
In 2023, President Lopez Obrador announced that he was open to a peace agreement with the cartels. The announcement came after an activist published an open letter calling the cartels to stop the practice of forced disappearance.[64]
Economic policy
Lithium reserves
In April 2022, the Mexican parliament passed a law, prohibiting private companies from obtaining licences for lithium extraction.[65] In February 2023, the president signed a decree nationalising the lithium reserves of Mexico, declaring it the property of the Mexican nation.[65] López Obrador noted the enormous importance of the natural resource for the rechargeable battery industry and plans to cooperate with Bolivia and Peru in the technological sphere, as well as to adopt the Bolivian model of lithium mining, wherein companies have to commit to establish a complete value creation chain.[65]
Mining reform
In early May 2023, the Senate passed with 66 votes in favor and none in opposition, a new law regulating the mining sector.[66] According to senator Napoleón Gómez Urrutia, the law is supposed to curtail privileges the sector enjoys, since the last law concerning mining regulation passed in 1992, which relaxed laws on the sector.[66] The law reduces the period of validity of extraction permits from 50 to 30 years, obligates companies to consult with affected communities and present a restoration plan for the impacted environment and outright outlaws new permits in regions with a shortage of water.[66]
Reform of the National Electoral Institute
In February 2023, a controversial law reforming the
Espionage on government employees
At the end of May 2023, the New York Times published a story on the espionage of the state secretary for human rights Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez via the Pegasus spy software, which the media outlet connected with ongoing investigations of Encinas on the conduct and actions of the armed forces.[69] In a press conference, López Obrador denied any involvement on the part of the Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA), while stating he did not know who was responsible for the espionage.[69] Encinas is a long time political ally of López Obrador, who already supported him two decades ago during his mayorship.[69]
See also
References
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