Pyrolobus fumarii
Pyrolobus fumarii | |
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Scientific classification | |
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Genus: | Pyrolobus
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Binomial name | |
Pyrolobus fumarii Blöch, Rachel, Burggraf, Hafenbradl, Jannasch & Stetter, 1997
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Pyrolobus fumarii (Latin for "fire lobe of the chimney"
Metabolism
Pyrolobus fumarii are capable of cellular growth and survival in a temperature range between 90 °C and 113 °C with their optimum temperature being around 106 °C. There are only a few species that are known to survive at this temperature. They require a pH range of around 4 - 6.5 which is relatively more acidic than neutral to grow.
Structure
P. fumarii structure contains an S-layer, commonly found in non-lab prokaryotic strains, which stimulates a pore with a depression in the middle. The archaea also contain a cytoplasmic membrane and periplasmic space. Major core lipids with this strain are uncyclized glycerol-dialkyl-glycerol-tetraether (GDGT) and traces of 2,3-di-o-phytanyl-sn-glycerol (diether). They are described as regularly irregularly shaped cocci meaning they are relatively round and singularly grouped not chained.[5] Shape wise P. fumarii is cocci-shaped however does not form a perfectly round shape instead forms a more lobe shape with a diameter between 0.7 and 2.5 µm.[6]
Application
Understanding P. fumarii ability to withstand high temperatures and its genome capabilities to be thermostable and heat-tolerant lead to many pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial applications. Products that could use a thermostable microorganism include agricultural product processing enzymes, bioremediation applications, industrial and consumer product enzymes, and even pharmaceutical applications with where a highly thermostable organism is needed.[3] When working with this culture it would be advised to work in conditions under 85 °C as there is no growth for P. fumarii below this temperature.[6] It is important to keep in mind this prevents growth however it does not kill the archaea. This understanding can be incorporated into laboratory practices when handling the species.
References
- ^ ISBN 978-0-226-06980-7.[page needed]
- ^ a b C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Extremophile. eds. E.Monosson and C.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, washington DC
- ^ ProQuest 447100182.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-323-90274-8.
- ^ PMID 21886865.
- ^ PMID 9680332.
Further reading
- Anderson, Iain; Goker, Markus; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; et al. (2011). "Complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic chemolithoautotroph Pyrolobus fumarii type strain (1AT)". Standards in Genomic Sciences. 4 (3): 381–392. PMID 21886865.
- Goncalves, Luis; Lamosa, Pedro; Huber, Robert; Santos, Helena (20 Feb 2008). "Di-myo-inositol phosphate and novel UDP-sugars accumulate in the extreme hyperthermophile Pyrolobus fumarii". Extremophiles. 12 (3): 383–389. S2CID 19787942.