Sipah-e-Sahaba
Sipah-e-Sahaba | |
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سپاہِ صحابہ | |
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Political leader | Muhammad Ahmed Ludhianvi |
President | Awrangzib Faruqi |
Split from | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) |
Split to | Lashkar-e-Jhangvi |
Active regions | Pakistan |
Ideology | |
Status | Active (Banned) |
Organization(s) | Millat-e-Islamia Pakistan (banned in 2003) |
Part of a series on the |
Deobandi movement |
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Ideology and influences |
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Founders and key figures |
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Notable institutions |
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Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat |
Associated organizations |
The Sipah-e-Sahaba (SS),[a] also known as the Millat-e-Islamiyya (MI),[b] is a Sunni Islamist organisation in Pakistan. Founded by Pakistani cleric Haq Nawaz Jhangvi in 1989 after breaking away from Sunni Deobandi party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F), it was based in Jhang, Punjab, but had offices in all of Pakistan's provinces and territories.[1][2] It operated as a federal and provincial political party until it was banned and outlawed as a terrorist organization by Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf in 2002. Even though it has been banned by the Pakistani government on numerous occasions, the Sipah-e-Sahaba has continued to operate under a different name throughout the country;[3][4] it has significant underground support in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The organization was also banned by the United Kingdom, where there is a significant Pakistani diaspora population, in 2001.[5]
On 26 June 2018, before that year’s election, the Pakistani government lifted a 2012 ban on the Sipah-e-Sahaba and removed the terrorist designation for certain Sipah-e-Sahaba officials.[6][7][8]
The organization's current political front is the Pakistan Rah-e-Haq Party, under which they contested the 2018 general election and the 2020 Gilgit–Baltistan Assembly election.[9]
History
Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan was formed in 1985 by
In 1996, many left the group and formed another organization Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ).[10]
In 2002,
A leader of Sipah-e-Sahaba was a minister in the coalition Government in
When
Its leader (sarparast-aala), Ali Sher Haideri, was killed in an ambush in 2009.[15] Then Muhammad Ahmed Ludhianvi was selected as sarparast-e-aala with Awrangzib Faruqi as the president of the organization.[16][17] Faruqi is taking part in the 2024 Pakistani general election on NA-230.[18]
Ideology & Goals
The SSP is driven by a rigid interpretation of
Leadership
(From 1985 to 2012)
- Haq Nawaz Jhangvi (September 1985 to February 22, 1990): Killed[12]
- Isar Qasmi (February 1990 to January 1991): Killed[12]
- Zia ul-Rehman Farooqi (1991 to January 18, 1997): Killed[12]
- Muhammad Azam Tariq (January 1997 to October 6, 2003): Killed[12]
- Ali Sher Hyderi (October 2003 to August 17, 2009): Killed[12]
- Muhammad Ahmad Ludhianvi (August 2009 to Present : (as of 2012) [12]
Activities
Target killings and militancy
According to Stanford University "Mapping Militant Organizations writing as of February 2012, the "primary methods" of Sipah-e-Sahaba
are targeted killings of prominent Shias – including political activists, doctors, businessmen and intellectuals .[19] In addition to targeting Shias, the SSP has also been implicated in attacks on members of the Ahmadi sect and followers of the Barelvi school of Sunni Islam. The SSP's actions have spurred a cycle of violence and assassinations and several of its leaders have been killed – including Haq Nawaz Jhangvi in 1990, Isar ul-Qasmi in 1991, Zia ul-Rehman Farooqi in 1997, and Azam Tariq in 2003.[12]
Organizational infrastructure
The organization has 500 offices and branches in all
Publications
Its regular publications include the monthlies Khilafat-e-Rashida, Aab-e-Hayat and Genius.[20]
Affiliations
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2010) |
- In 1996 elements within the Sipah-e-Sahaba who did not believe the organisation violent enough left to form the Lashkar-e-Jhangvi.[4]
- In October 2000, Deobandi organisation."[21]
- A diplomatic cable, originally dated 23 October 2009 and later leaked to the media, from the U.S. embassy in Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, had roots in the defunct Sipah-e-Sahaba and that many of the Taliban's foot soldiers are from Sipah-e-Sahaba ranks.[21]
- According to Animesh Roul, Ahle-Sunnat-Wal-Jamat is a front group for Sipah-e-Sahaba, and is also banned in Pakistan.[22]
Notelist
- '
- Urdu: ملت اسلامیہ, lit.'Nation of Islam'
References
- ^ B. Raman, "Musharraf's Ban: An Analysis", South Asia Analysis Group, Paper no. 395, 18 January 2002
- ^ a b c d "Pakistan: The Sipah-e-Sahaba (SSP), including its activities and status (January 2003 – July 2005)". Refworld. Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 26 July 2005. PAK100060.E. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
- ^ Hasan, Syed Shoaib (9 March 2012). "Pakistan bans Ahle Sunnah Wal Jamaat Islamist group". BBC News. Retrieved 10 March 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan". SATP. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Police probe Scottish mosque figures' links to banned sectarian group". BBC News Online. 31 March 2016.
- ^ "Govt lifts ban on ASWJ, unfreezes assets of its chief Ahmed Ludhianvi". The Express Tribune. 27 June 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ "Pakistan removes ASWJ leader Ahmed Ludhianvi from terrorist watchlist". Samaa TV. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ "Pakistan removes radical Sunni leader Maulana Ludhianvi from terrorist watchlist ahead of election". Hindustan Times. 28 June 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ "Ominous signs: the rise of Pakistan Rah-e-Haq Party". Ominous signs: the rise of Pakistan Rah-e-Haq Party. The News International. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) - Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ Sohail Mahmood (1995). Islamic fundamentalism in Pakistan, Egypt and Iran. Vanguard. p. 434. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "MAPPING MILITANT ORGANIZATIONS. Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan". Stanford University. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ Rafiq, Arif (November 2014). "Pakistan's Resurgent Sectarian War" (PDF). United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ Group, International Crisis (2022). A New Era of Sectarian Violence in Pakistan. International Crisis Group. pp. Page 8–Page 14. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "Leader of banned Pakistan militant group shot dead". Reuters. 17 August 2009. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ "ASWJ local leader killed in Rawalpindi, central leader attacked in Karachi".
- ^ Kalbe Ali; Munawer Azeem (29 March 2017). "Ludhianvi hopeful of ASWJ's 'unbanning'". DAWN. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ Tanoli, Ishaq (15 January 2024). "581 vying for 22 National Assembly seats in Karachi". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ^ Hassan Abbas, Pakistan's Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror (New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 2005), p. 167; Amir Mir, The True Face of Jehadis (Lahore: Mashal Books, 2004), pp. 171-2.
- ^ Muhammad Amir Rana, "Jihadi Print Media in Pakistan: An Overview" in Conflict and Peace Studies, vol. 1, no. 1 (Oct-Dec 2008), p. 4
- ^ a b "2009: Southern Punjab extremism battle between haves and have-nots". DAWN. 22 May 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
- ^ Roul, Animesh (26 June 2015). "Growing Islamic State Influence in Pakistan Fuels Sectarian Violence". Terrorism Monitor. 13 (13). Retrieved 30 June 2015.