Lotfi A. Zadeh: Difference between revisions
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==Life and career== |
==Life and career== |
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Zadeh was born in [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]],<!--DO NOT ADD "SOVIET UNION" HERE, PLEASE READ FOOTNOTE--><ref>At this time, the [[Azerbaijan SSR]] was an independent republic, created by the [[Red Army]]. It would become part of the [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic]] in March 1922, and then part of the [[Soviet Union]] in December 1922.</ref> as '''Lotfi Aliaskerzadeh''',<ref name=FL17>McNeil & Freiberger, p.17</ref> to an [[Iranian Azerbaijanis|Iranian Azerbaijani]] father from [[Ardabil]], Rahim Aleskerzade, who was a journalist on assignment from Iran, and a [[Russian Jew]]ish mother, also an Iranian citizen,<ref name="ScienceDirect.com 2015">{{cite journal | title=Fuzzy logic—a personal perspective | date=2015-05-21 | url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165011415002377 | accessdate=2015-06-16 | doi=10.1016/j.fss.2015.05.009 | volume=281 | pages=4–20 | journal=Fuzzy Sets and Systems| last1=Zadeh | first1=Lotfi A }}</ref><ref>[http://www.jinfo.org/Computer_Info_Science.html "Jews in Computer & Information Science"] on the JINFO.org website</ref> Fanya Korenman, who was a [[pediatrician]] from [[Odessa]].<ref>[http://alamjurnal.com/stati/262-zhanet-selimova Анвар Унугви "Жанет Селимова"] (Mamoirs of Lotfi A. Zadeh's cousin in Baku, theatrical director, professor Zhanet Selimova).</ref><ref name=bookrags>Gale, Thomson. [http://www.bookrags.com/biography/lotfi-asker-zadeh-wcs/ Lotfi Asker Zadeh Biography] ''World of Computer Science''</ref> The Soviet government at this time courted foreign correspondents, and the family lived well while in Baku.<ref name=FL18>McNeil & Freiberger, p.18</ref> Zadeh attended elementary school for three years there,<ref name=FL18 /> which he said "had a significant and long-lasting influence on my thinking and my way of looking at things."<ref name=blair99>Blair, Betty. Interview with Lotfi Zadeh (December 1999) in [http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/74_folder/74.articles/74_zadeh.html "Famous People: Then and Now Lotfi Zadeh, Creator of Fuzzy Logic (1921- )"] ''Azerbaijan International'' (7.4) (Winter 1999)</ref> |
Zadeh was born in [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]],<!--DO NOT ADD "SOVIET UNION" HERE, PLEASE READ FOOTNOTE--><ref>At this time, the [[Azerbaijan SSR]] was an independent republic, created by the [[Red Army]]. It would become part of the [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic]] in March 1922, and then part of the [[Soviet Union]] in December 1922.</ref> as '''Lotfi Aliaskerzadeh''',<ref name=FL17>McNeil & Freiberger, p.17</ref> to an [[Iranian Azerbaijanis|Iranian Azerbaijani]] father from [[Ardabil]], Rahim Aleskerzade, who was a journalist on assignment from Iran, and a [[Russian Jew]]ish mother, also an Iranian citizen,<ref name="ScienceDirect.com 2015">{{cite journal | title=Fuzzy logic—a personal perspective | date=2015-05-21 | url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165011415002377 | accessdate=2015-06-16 | doi=10.1016/j.fss.2015.05.009 | volume=281 | pages=4–20 | journal=Fuzzy Sets and Systems| last1=Zadeh | first1=Lotfi A }}</ref><ref>[http://www.jinfo.org/Computer_Info_Science.html "Jews in Computer & Information Science"] on the JINFO.org website</ref> Fanya Korenman, who was a [[pediatrician]] from [[Odessa]].<ref>[http://alamjurnal.com/stati/262-zhanet-selimova Анвар Унугви "Жанет Селимова"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714193842/http://alamjurnal.com/stati/262-zhanet-selimova |date=2014-07-14 }} (Mamoirs of Lotfi A. Zadeh's cousin in Baku, theatrical director, professor Zhanet Selimova).</ref><ref name=bookrags>Gale, Thomson. [http://www.bookrags.com/biography/lotfi-asker-zadeh-wcs/ Lotfi Asker Zadeh Biography] ''World of Computer Science''</ref> The Soviet government at this time courted foreign correspondents, and the family lived well while in Baku.<ref name=FL18>McNeil & Freiberger, p.18</ref> Zadeh attended elementary school for three years there,<ref name=FL18 /> which he said "had a significant and long-lasting influence on my thinking and my way of looking at things."<ref name=blair99>Blair, Betty. Interview with Lotfi Zadeh (December 1999) in [http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/74_folder/74.articles/74_zadeh.html "Famous People: Then and Now Lotfi Zadeh, Creator of Fuzzy Logic (1921- )"] ''Azerbaijan International'' (7.4) (Winter 1999)</ref> |
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In 1931, when Zadeh was ten years old, his family moved to [[Tehran]] in Iran, his father's homeland. Zadeh was enrolled in Alborz College, which was a [[Presbyterian]] [[missionary|missionary school]], where he was educated for the next eight years, and where he met his future wife, Fay.<ref name=FL18 /> Zadeh says that he was "deeply influenced" by the "extremely decent, fine, honest and helpful" missionaries from the United States who ran the college. "To me they represented the best that you could find in the United States – people from the Midwest with strong roots. They were really 'Good Samaritans' – willing to give of themselves for the benefit of others. So this kind of attitude influenced me deeply. It also instilled in me a deep desire to live in the United States."<ref name=blair99 /> During this time, Zadeh was awarded several [[patents]].<ref name=FL18 /> |
In 1931, when Zadeh was ten years old, his family moved to [[Tehran]] in Iran, his father's homeland. Zadeh was enrolled in Alborz College, which was a [[Presbyterian]] [[missionary|missionary school]], where he was educated for the next eight years, and where he met his future wife, Fay.<ref name=FL18 /> Zadeh says that he was "deeply influenced" by the "extremely decent, fine, honest and helpful" missionaries from the United States who ran the college. "To me they represented the best that you could find in the United States – people from the Midwest with strong roots. They were really 'Good Samaritans' – willing to give of themselves for the benefit of others. So this kind of attitude influenced me deeply. It also instilled in me a deep desire to live in the United States."<ref name=blair99 /> During this time, Zadeh was awarded several [[patents]].<ref name=FL18 /> |
Revision as of 02:20, 9 December 2017
Lotfi A. Zadeh | |
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U.C. Berkeley | |
Thesis | Frequency analysis of variable networks (1949) |
Doctoral advisor | John R. Ragazzini |
Doctoral students | Joseph Goguen |
Lotfi Aliasker Zadeh[4] (/ˈzɑːdeɪ/; Azerbaijani: Lütfəli Rəhim oğlu Ələsgərzadə;[5] Persian: لطفی علیعسکرزاده;[6] February 4, 1921 – September 6, 2017)[1][2] was a mathematician, computer scientist, electrical engineer, artificial intelligence researcher and professor emeritus[7] of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley.
Zadeh was best known for proposing fuzzy mathematics consisting of these fuzzy-related concepts: fuzzy sets,[8] fuzzy logic,[9] fuzzy algorithms,[10] fuzzy semantics,[11] fuzzy languages,[12] fuzzy control,[13] fuzzy systems,[14] fuzzy probabilities,[15] fuzzy events,[15] and fuzzy information.[16]
Zadeh was a founding member of the Eurasian Academy.[17]
Life and career
Zadeh was born in
In 1931, when Zadeh was ten years old, his family moved to
Despite being more fluent in Russian than in Persian, Zadeh sat for the national university exams and placed third in the entire country.[24] As a student, he ranked first in his class in his first two years. In 1942, he graduated from the University of Tehran with a degree in electrical engineering, one of only three students in that field to graduate that year, due to the turmoil created by World War II, when the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union invaded Iran, whose ruler, Reza Shah, was pro-German. Over 30,000 American soldiers were based there, and Zadeh worked with his father, who did business with them as a contractor for hardware and building materials.[26]
In 1943, Zadeh decided to emigrate to the United States, and traveled to Philadelphia by way of Cairo after months of delay waiting for the proper papers or for the right ship to appear. He arrived in mid-1944, and entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as a graduate student later that year.[26] While in the United States, he changed his name to Lotfi Asker Zadeh.[19]
He received an
Zadeh taught for ten years at Columbia, was promoted to
Personal life and beliefs
Zadeh was called "quick to shrug off nationalism, insisting there are much deeper issues in life", and was quoted as saying in an interview: "The question really isn't whether I'm American, Russian, Iranian, Azerbaijani, or anything else. I've been shaped by all these people and cultures and I feel quite comfortable among all of them."[27] He noted in the same interview: "Obstinacy and tenacity. Not being afraid to get embroiled in controversy. That's very much a Turkish tradition. That's part of my character, too. I can be very stubborn. That's probably been beneficial for the development of Fuzzy Logic."[28] He described himself as "an American, mathematically oriented, electrical engineer of Iranian descent, born in Russia."[23]
Zadeh was married to Fay Zadeh and had two children, Stella Zadeh and Norman Zada.
Zadeh died in his home in
Work
According to Google Scholar, as of September 2017, Zadeh's work has been cited about 180,000 times in scholarly works, with the 1965 "Fuzzy Sets" paper receiving about 90,000 citations.[31]
Fuzzy sets and systems
Zadeh, in his theory of
Other contributions
Zadeh is also credited, along with John R. Ragazzini, in 1952, with having pioneered the development of the z-transform method in discrete time signal processing and analysis. These methods are now standard in digital signal processing, digital control, and other discrete-time systems used in industry and research. He was an editor of the International Journal of Computational Cognition.
Zadeh's most recent work included computing with words and perceptions. His recent papers include From Search Engines to Question-Answering Systems—The Role of Fuzzy Logic, Progress in Informatics, No. 1, 1-3, 2005; and Toward a Generalized Theory of Uncertainty (GTU)—An Outline, Information Sciences, Elsevier, Vol. 172, 1-40, 2005.
Selected publications
- 1965. "Fuzzy sets". Information and Control. 1965; 8: 338–353.
- 1965. "Fuzzy sets and systems". In: Fox J, editor. System Theory. Brooklyn, NY: Polytechnic Press, 1965: 29–39.
- 1972. "A fuzzy-set-theoretical interpretation of linguistic hedges". Journal of Cybernetics 1972; 2: 4–34.
- 1973. "Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems and decision processes". IEEE Trans. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1973; 3: 28–44.
- 1974. "Fuzzy logic and its application to approximate reasoning". In: Information Processing 74, Proc. IFIP Congr. 1974 (3), pp. 591–594.
- 1975. "Fuzzy logic and approximate reasoning". Synthese, 1975; 30: 407–428.
- 1975. "Calculus of fuzzy restrictions". In: Zadeh LA, Fu KS, Tanaka K, Shimura M, editors. Fuzzy Sets and their Applications to Cognitive and Decision Processes. New York: Academic Press, 1975: 1–39.
- 1975. "The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning", I-III, Information Sciences 8 (1975) 199–251, 301–357; 9 (1976) 43–80.
- 2002. "From computing with numbers to computing with words — from manipulation of measurements to manipulation of perceptions". International Journal of Applied Math and Computer Science, pp. 307–324, vol. 12, no. 3, 2002.
- 2012. Computing With Words. Principal Concepts and Ideas. Berlin: Springer, 2012.
- A complete list of publications is on the website: http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~zadeh/
Awards and honors
Zadeh was a
Awards received by Zadeh include, among many others:
- IEEE Education Medal; 1973[33]
- IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal, for "seminal contributions to information science and systems, including the conceptualization of fuzzy sets"; 1992[34]
- American Society of Mechanical Engineers Rufus Oldenburger Medal; 1993.[35]
- Honorary Professorship from the Azerbaijan State Oil Academy; 1993
- IEEE Medal of Honor, for "pioneering development of fuzzy logic and its many diverse applications"; 1995[36]
- American Automatic Control Council's Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award; 1998.[37]
- ACM Allen Newell Award; 2001
- Outstanding Contribution Award, Web Intelligence Consortium (WIC), Halifax, Canada, 2003.
- Wall of Fame, Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (HNF), Paderborn, Germany, 2004.
- V. Kaufmann Prize and Gold Medal, International Association for Fuzzy-Set Management and Economy (SIGEF), Barcelona, Spain, Nov. 15, 2004.
- J. Keith Brimacombe IPMM Award in recognition of his development of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic, 2005.
- The Franklin Institutein Philadelphia, for inventing and developing the field of "fuzzy logic"; 2009
- Induction into the IEEE Intelligent Systems' AI's Hall of Fame, 2011, "for his work on soft computing, fuzzy logic, and neural-net theory".[38][39]
- BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awardin the category of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Spain, 2012.
- Honorary Doctor of the ]
References
Notes
- ^ a b c Staff (September 7, 2017) "Lotfi Zadeh has passed away" EECS at UC Berkeley: News
- ^ a b c Associated Press (September 8, 2017) "Lotfi Zadeh dead: Computing revolutionary and founder of fuzzy logic dies aged 96" International Business Times
- ^ a b c Metz, Cade (September 11, 2017) "Lotfi Zadeh: Father of Mathematical Fuzzy Logic, Dies at 96" The New York Times
- ^ a b Dr. Lotfi A. Zadeh was elected in 1973 as a member of National Academy of Engineering in Computer Science & Engineering and Electronics, Communication & Information Systems Engineering.
- ^ Diasporla İş üzrə Dövlət Komitəsi
- ^ "Granting honorary doctorate from Tehran University to professor Lotfizadeh". Official website of University of Tehran (UT) (in Persian). Tehran, Iran. March 9, 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Lotfi A. Zadeh" faculty page from College of Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California at Berkeley
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- ^ Zadeh,, L. (1969). "Toward a theory of fuzzy systems" (PDF). Retrieved 2014.
{{cite web}}
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(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ .
- .
- ^ Eurasian Academy Official Site
- Azerbaijan SSR was an independent republic, created by the Red Army. It would become part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic in March 1922, and then part of the Soviet Unionin December 1922.
- ^ a b McNeil & Freiberger, p.17
- . Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ "Jews in Computer & Information Science" on the JINFO.org website
- ^ Анвар Унугви "Жанет Селимова" Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine (Mamoirs of Lotfi A. Zadeh's cousin in Baku, theatrical director, professor Zhanet Selimova).
- ^ a b c Gale, Thomson. Lotfi Asker Zadeh Biography World of Computer Science
- ^ a b c d e McNeil & Freiberger, p.18
- ^ a b Blair, Betty. Interview with Lotfi Zadeh (December 1999) in "Famous People: Then and Now Lotfi Zadeh, Creator of Fuzzy Logic (1921- )" Azerbaijan International (7.4) (Winter 1999)
- ^ a b c d e McNeil & Freiberger, p.19
- ^ Blair, Betty. "Short Biographical Sketch". Azerbaijan International, Vol. 2:4 (Winter 1994), p. 49.
- ^ Blair, Betty. "Interview with Lotfi Zadeh, Creator of Fuzzy Logic". Azerbaijan International, Vol. 2:4 (Winter 1994), pp. 46 ff.
- ^ Brewer, Jared and Shakeel, Azwar (September 17, 2017) "UC Berkeley professor, creator of ‘fuzzy logic’ Lotfi Zadeh dies at 96" The Daily Californian
- ^ Staff (August 12, 2017) "Tehran University withdraws report on death of researcher" Press-TV
- ^ Lotfi A. Zadeh profile page on Google Scholar (accessed September 7, 2017).
- ^ McNeil & Freiberger, passim
- IEEE. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
- ^ "IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal Recipients" (PDF). IEEE. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
- ^ "Rufus Oldenburger Medal". American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
- ^ "IEEE Medal of Honor Recipients" (PDF). IEEE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-22. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award". American Automatic Control Council. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- .
- PRWeb (Vocus).
Bibliography
- McNeil, Daniel and Freiberger, Paul. Fuzzy Logic: The discovery of a revolutionary computer technology - and how it is changing our world. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993. ISBN 0-671-73843-7
Further reading
- Fuzzy Sets and Systems. The main journal of the field which contains many contributions by its founder.
- Zadeh, Fay. "My Life and Travels with the Father of Fuzzy Logic". 1998, TSI Press, Albuquerque, NM.
- Zadeh, Lofti A. "Lotfi Visions", two-part interview with Jack J. Woehr, Dr. Dobb's Journal, July, 1994 (part 1) and August, 1994 (part 2).
- Seising, Rudolf: The Fuzzification of Systems. The Genesis of Fuzzy Set Theory and Its Initial Applications - Developments up to the 1970s (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Vol. 216) Berlin, New York, [et al.]: Springer 2007.
External links
- Lotfi Zadeh (interview): Reflections on the Beginnings of "Fuzzy Logic" [1] in Azerbaijan International, Vol. 2:4 (1994), pp. 46–47.
- Lotfi Zadeh, Berkeley Commencement Speech: "Commercialism and Human Values: When You Can't Stop for Lunch," in Azerbaijan International, Vol. 6:1 (Spring 1998), p. 65.
- "Famous People: Then and Now, Lotfi Zadeh (reflecting on his childhood) in Azerbaijan International, Vol. 7:4 (Winter 1999), pp. 28-29.
- "Lotfi Zadeh: Short Biographical Sketch". Azerbaijan International, Vol. 2:4 (Winter 1994), p. 49.
- CS.Berkeley.edu, Academic profile – Berkeley, University of California.
- Univagora.ro, Honorary Chair and Keynote Speaker, ICCCC 2008, A conference dedicated to the Centenary of John Bardeen.
- 1965 seminal work on CS.Berkeley.edu, Fuzzy Sets
- [2], Zadeh's Google Scholar Citations
- Lotfi A. Zadeh at the AI Genealogy Project.