Verlioka

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Verlioka (

Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as tale type ATU 210*, "Verlioka".[2]

Synopsis

Once there was an elderly couple who had two grandchildren, whom they loved. One day, the grandpa ordered his granddaughter to shoo away the sparrows to protect the crops. Verlioka finds her there and kills her. The grandpa wonders why his granddaughter hasn't come back and sends his youngest grandchild to find her. Verlioka kills her too. Grandpa then sends the grandmother to bring the girls back but Verlioka kills her. After a while, the grandfather goes out to find his family, learns they are dead, and sets out to kill the monster. Along the way, he is joined by talking animals and objects, who attack the monster in his home.[3]

Etymology

The

Proto-Slavic *vьrl- ('to turn, to spin') + *oko ('eye').[5]

Analysis

According to Alexander Afanasyev's note, the tale was collected by Nikolay Tikhorski in "Southern Russia". According to the East Slavic Folktale Classification (Russian: СУС, romanized: SUS), there are 3 Russian, 7 Ukrainian, and 1 Belarusian variant.[6] Notemakers Lev Barag [ru] and N. V. Novikov theorize that the typical Ukrainian ending «Вот вам сказка, а мне бубликов вязка» (Ukrainian: Ось вам казка, а мені бубликів в'язка, "Here's a tale for you, and a bunch of donuts for me"; in Bain's translation "So there's a skazha for you－and I deserve a cake or two also."), as well as usage of the vocative case («А вы, добродею, знаете Верлиоку?») possibly suggest that the tale was written in or near Ukraine.[7]

American professor Jack Haney suggested that the tale is "primarily" East Slavic,[8] while German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther argues that the tale type appears to be "mainly documented in Russia".[9]

Variants

Alexander Afanasyev's fairy tale collection has a variant.[10]

Robert Nisbet Bain included a retelling of the story in Russian Fairy Tales, a translation of Nikolai Polevoy's work.[11][12]

Russian folklorist D.K. Zelenin listed a variant as the ninety-sixth story in his collection.[13]

Two Russian versions were collected from one informant in Belozerye.[14]

“Довгомудыкъ," ("Dovgomudyik") is a Ukrainian variant.[15]

Another Ukrainian variant appears as the twenty-sixth story in a collection.[16]

A Belarusian variant was published by V.N. Dobrovolsky.[17]

References

  1. ^ Капица Ф. С. Тайны славянских богов. - М.: РИПОЛ классик, 2007. - 416 с.
  2. ISBN 978-951-41-0956-0
    .
  3. ISBN 978-1-62846-093-3
    .
  4. ^ Словарь русских народных говоров. Т.4. — С. 147
  5. ^ Етимологічний словник украïнськоï мови/А-Г. — Киïв: Наукова думка, 1982. — С. 380, 634
  6. ^ Barag, Lev. "Сравнительный указатель сюжетов. Восточнославянская сказка". Leningrad: НАУКА, 1979. p. 86.
  7. ^ Народные русские сказки А.Н. Афанасьева в трех томах. Том II. Москва: Издательство «Наука», 1985. С. 451.
  8. ISBN 978-1-4968-0278-1. Project MUSE book 42506
    .
  9. ISBN 978-951-41-0963-8
    .
  10. ISBN 978-1-62846-093-3
    .
  11. ^ "Russian Fairytales". The Public Domain Review. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  12. ^ Полевой, Пётр Николаевич (1874). Народные русские сказки в изложении П. Полевого. Санкт-Петербург: Типография и литография А. Траншеля. pp. 91–95.
  13. ^ Zelenin, D.K. "Great Russian Fairy Tales of the Vyatka Province". Presidential Library. Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  14. doi:10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-2-220-236
    . Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  15. ^ Manzhura, Ivan (1890). Fairy Tales, Proverbs, etc., Recorded in the Yekaterinoslav and Kharkov Provinces. Kharkov: Tip. K.Schasni. p. 1. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  16. ^ Chubinsky, P.P. "Proceedings of the Ethnographic and Statistical Expedition in the West-Russian Territory". Presidential Library. Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  17. ^ Dobrovolsky, V.N. (1891). Smolensk Ethnographic Collection. Part I. (PDF). St. Petersburg: Russian Geographical Society. pp. 152–153. Retrieved 17 February 2024.


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