Virtua Fighter (video game)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Virtua Fighter
Composer(s)
  • Arcade
  • Takayuki Nakamura
  • Saturn sound design
  • Takayuki Nakamura
  • Takenobu Mitsuyoshi
  • Kazuhiko Kouchi
  • 32X sound design
  • Masaru Setsumaru
  • Tatsuya Kohzaki
  • Atsumu Miyazawa
  • Tadashi Joukagi
Series
ST-V
(Remix)

Virtua Fighter

Sega 32X, and Microsoft Windows
.

The game was critically acclaimed and a major hit, becoming one of Sega's best-selling

arcade games
of all time with more than 40,000 arcade units sold while the Saturn versions sold over 1 million copies. Virtua Fighter was highly regarded for its in-depth 3D fighting engine and real-world fighting techniques, and has been revolutionary and highly influential in the evolution of the genre and video games in general.

An update titled Virtua Fighter Remix, developed by

Virtua Fighter 4: Evolution
in North America.

Gameplay

Jacky Bryant
(arcade)

The Virtua label indicates that the onscreen action takes place in a 3D environment, however movement was restricted to 2D. The images were created using wireframe and flat-shaded quad polygons. Beyond 3D, it retained the staple of multiple characters, each with their own distinctive moves.

In the game's single-player mode, the player faces all eight characters (including a duplicate of the chosen character) in a pre-determined order, followed by a fight with the game's

boss
, Dural. Each fight is a best-of-three match, and the player has three ways to win: knocking out the opponent, forcing them out of the ring, or having more health left when time runs out.

Unlike other fighting games of the early 1990s (such as Street Fighter II or Mortal Kombat), the game relies on a control stick and only three buttons, punch, kick and guard (block), although different situations and button combinations led to a vast variety of moves for each character.

Plot

Characters

Further information:
List of Virtua Fighter characters § Introduced in Virtua Fighter

An

Arab fighter named Siba was planned, and his character model appeared on some Virtua Fighter arcade cabinets (though, in some cases, Akira's name was placed under his portrait). Siba was originally to be the protagonists of the franchise. He was ultimately dropped, but later appeared in Fighters Megamix. Two other characters were also discovered. One of which was an early design of Akira Yuki, whom is shirtless with pants and shoes. The other was a military man named Jeff.[citation needed
]

Story

Once in the

Japanese army
research the mysteries of Hakkyoku-ken to create supersoldiers, developing the ultimate martial art.

Approximately half a century has passed since then, the ultimate World Fighting Tournament is about to start, and all kinds of fighters from around the world engage to determine the world's best. Behind the Tournament, however, there exists an intrigue designed by a sinister syndicate.

Development and release

Virtua Fighter

The game's development began in 1992, following the development of

Sega Model 1 arcade hardware,[7] developed internally at Sega.[8][9] According to Sega of Japan's publicity manager, Kurokawa, "We deliberately didn't publicize all the [fighting] moves at the same time but instead revealed them to gamers one at a time by means of the Japanese videogame press."[10] Virtua Fighter also used 3D motion capture technology.[11][12]

According to Suzuki, an issue during the game's development was performing fast

rockets. The team "were working away with craftsmanship equivalent to inscribing 100 words on a single grain of rice" to achieve fast 3D division operations, according to Suzuki.[13]

An early prototype version of the arcade game featured an

Amusement Machine Show (AM Show) in August 1993.[15][16]

Virtua Fighter was a

Sega 32X version was developed by the same team responsible for the Genesis port of Virtua Racing.[19]

Virtua Fighter Remix

Virtua Fighter Remix was an update of the original Virtua Fighter with higher-polygon models,

ST-V (an arcade platform based on the Sega Saturn) and later ported to Microsoft Windows as Virtua Fighter PC.[22] In Japan, Game Machine listed it on their August 1, 1995, issue as being the twenty-first most-successful arcade game of the month.[23]

Virtua Fighter 10th Anniversary

With the 2003 PlayStation 2 release of Virtua Fighter 4: Evolution arriving in time for the series' tenth anniversary, a remake of Virtua Fighter, Virtua Fighter 10th Anniversary, was released on the PlayStation 2. While the music, stages and low-polygon visual style were retained from the first game, the character roster, animations, mechanics and movesets were taken from Evolution. In the previous PS2 release of Virtua Fighter 4, a button code would make the player's character look like a Virtua Fighter model. In Japan, the game was included as part of a box set with a book called Virtua Fighter 10th Anniversary: Memory of a Decade and a DVD. The box set was released in November 2003 and was published by Enterbrain.[24] In North America, the game was included in the home version of Virtua Fighter 4: Evolution, and in Europe it was only available as a promotional item; it was not sold at retail.

Reception

Reception
Review scores
Publication Scores
Arcade Sega Saturn 32X
Computer and Video Games 83%[25] 94%[11] 95%[26]
Edge Positive[16] 9/10[27]
Electronic Gaming Monthly Positive[28] 31.5/40[29] 29/40[30]
Famitsu 36/40[31] 30/40[32]
Game Informer 8/10[33]
GamesMaster 96%[34]
Hyper 90%[35]
Maximum
 		[12]
Mean Machines Sega
 		96%[36]
Mega 97%[37]
Next Generation
(Remix)[5] 		(original)[38]
(Remix)[39] 		[40]
Sega Magazin 87% (original)
91% (Remix)[41]
Sega Power 97%[42]
Sega Saturn Magazine (Remix)[43]
Sega Saturn Tsūshin
 		38/40[44]
Ultimate Future Games
 		96%[45]
Awards
Publication(s) Awards
Gamest Awards (1994)[46] 3rd Best Game of the Year,
3rd Best Fighting Game, 6th Best Graphics
AMOA Awards (1994)[47] Most Played Videogame (nominee),
Most Innovative New Technology (nominee)
1UP,[48] Famitsu,[49]
Computer Gaming World[50]
 Best Games of All Time
1UP[52]
 Most Influential Games of All Time

Arcade

Sega began location testing an early prototype version in Japan prior to the game's demonstration at the

Ridge Racer),[58] and went on to be one of the most popular coin-ops of the year.[11]

Virtua Fighter sold more than 40,000 arcade units worldwide by 1996,[59] with each unit costing between $15,000 (equivalent to $32,000 in 2023)[11] and £14,000 / $21,000 (equivalent to $44,000 in 2023).[25] Virtua Fighter and Virtua Fighter 2 (1994) became Sega's best-selling arcade games of all time, surpassing their previous record holder Out Run (1986).[60]

Following its demonstration at the 1993 AM Show, Virtua Fighter received a positive industry reception. RePlay magazine called "the adaptation of 3-D polygon graphics to video fighting games" a "sensational development that could define and revitalize this already-hot category." California Games CEO Pat Schroeder said Virtua Fighter "was by far the dawn of a new era of games" with praise for the "computerized 3-D graphics with effects that are unreal" and how it "shows the fighting action" from different angles.[15] Edge magazine called Virtua Fighter "a tantalising glimpse into the future of fighting games employing the same ground-breaking CG computer graphics system as Virtua Racing." While criticizing the appearance of the "excessively blocky polygonised people," Edge said "the 3D scrolling, animation and movement are all silky-smooth and very realistic" and that "the fluid animation and imaginative camera angles quickly won the audience over."[16] Electronic Gaming Monthly hailed Virtua Fighter as a demonstration of "just how far video games have come in the last eight years." EGM made particular note of the advanced graphics, how the camera moves along different axes depending on the fighters' location, the use of multiple viewpoints in the instant replay, the high quality of the gameplay, and the smoothness and realism of the animation.[28]

In January 1994, Rik Skews of Computer and Video Games magazine, after playing for 1 hour, initially praised the "brilliant 64-bit" 3D graphics, animation and camera work but compared the gameplay unfavorably to Street Fighter II.[25] Computer and Video Games was later more positive towards the gameplay, stating in December 1994 that the game "combined cutting edge arcade technology with motion capture techniques and some excellent gameplay design."[11] Next Generation said in 1995 that it epitomized Yu Suzuki's "skill of finding the perfect blend of state-of-the-art technology with solid gameplay" in "the cut-throat world" of arcades.[56]

Ports

The console port of Virtua Fighter, which was very close to the arcade game, sold at a nearly 1:1 ratio with the Saturn hardware during the Japanese launch.

Future Publishing magazine Ultimate Future Games called Virtua Fighter the "game that killed" the 16-bit machines.[45] The Saturn version sold 630,000 units in Japan, while Remix sold a further 437,036 units there in 1995, for a combined total of 1,067,036 units sold for the Saturn in Japan.[62]

On release of the Saturn version,

Super Famicom with Super Mario World. Steve James praised the "superlative" moves, "amazingly crisp" sound samples, and "totally realistic" action; Mark Patterson, while criticizing the high UK import price of £70–80 ($107–122), concluded with "credit to Sega for producing an excellent machine, and even more to AM2 for its near-perfect conversion of this fantastic game."[11] In a review of the Japanese release, GamePro praised the retention of the fighters, moves, varying camera angles, and controls of the arcade version, as well as the improved voice and sound effects and home version options, and concluded it to be "one of the best games ever bundled with a system".[63] Their later review of the North American release was similarly laudatory, but remarked that Tekken and Battle Arena Toshinden for the soon-to-launch PlayStation were even better.[64] Next Generation, which also reviewed the game prior to the Saturn's USA launch, disagreed, contending that "What Virtua Fighter lacks in [Battle Arena] Tohshinden's immediate graphical punch, it makes up for in grinding longevity." They particularly praised the game's depth and realism, and summarized that "The Saturn Virtua Fighter is, to all intents and purposes, the coin-op game brought home. And away from the arcade, under the harsh light of unhurried examination, its merits grow."[38]

Maximum gave it five out of five stars, calling it "a stunningly close conversion that is quite possibly the best game available for the machine." They remarked that the innovations such as the 3D motion capture remained impressive, as well as the depth and variety of the character's gameplay application: "every fighter has almost limitless scope for coming up with all-new attacks." They also praised the "very clever mixture of superbly exaggerated sound effects coupled with a tangible, realistic impact for every blow."[12] Electronic Gaming Monthly were more subdued in their reaction, but two of their four reviewers commented that it was nearly identical to the arcade version. They scored it 31.5 out of 40 (average 7.875 out of 10).[29] Edge rated the Saturn version 9/10, stating: "Saturn Virtua Fighter has all the pulling power of the arcade version, including the swooping, gliding game camera, the stylish polygon characters, the totally convincing animation and the compulsive gameplay ... [The graphics] were impressive enough in the original, but on the Saturn, under the kind of intense scrutiny you can never give a game in the arcades, they emerge as simply astounding ... It's arguably the first true 'next generation' console game, fusing the best aspects of combat gameplay with groundbreaking animation and gorgeous sound".[27]

Sega 32X version of the game a 30 out of 40.[32] Next Generation reviewed the arcade version of the game, and stated that "The drawback of all Titan games, including Remix, is that the technology isn't as advanced, fast, or powerful as Model 2B [...] and these games are really like playing fast Saturn games in the arcade."[5]

Electronic Gaming Monthly scored the 32X version 30.5 out of 40 (average 7.625 out of 10), calling it an excellent conversion given the system it's on, but dated next to the graphically superior Saturn version and especially Virtua Fighter Remix, both of which had already been released.[68] GamePro also noted that the 32X version suffers from more slowdown and fewer polygons than the Saturn version, as well as "tinny sound quality", but praised the additional options not included in the Saturn version and rated it as an overall strong port.[69] A critic for Next Generation similarly said that the 32X version is not as impressive looking as the Saturn version but has more options and fewer glitches, making it an overall excellent port. He argued that the game was not worth buying a 32X for, since the system was not powerful enough to handle ports of Virtua Fighter Remix or Virtua Fighter 2 (which was soon to be released for the Saturn), but that it was an essential purchase for those who already own a 32X.[40]

In 1995, Flux rated the arcade version 16th in its Top 100 Video Games. At the time, they called Virtua Fighter: "The most satisfying fighter in existence."[70] In 1996, Computer Gaming World declared Virtua Fighter PC the 121st-best computer game ever released.[50] In 1996, GamesMaster ranked Virtua Fighter eighth on their "The GamesMaster Saturn Top 10."[71]

Legacy and impact

Further information: Virtua Fighter

Virtua Fighter dispensed with

1UP listed it as one of the 50 most important games of all time. They credited Virtua Fighter for creating the 3D fighting game genre, and more generally, demonstrating the potential of 3D polygon human characters (as the first to implement them in a useful way), showing the potential of realistic gameplay (introducing a character physics system and realistic character animations), and introducing fighting game concepts such as the ring-out and the block button.[52]

At a time when fighting games were becoming increasingly focused on violence and shock value, the popularity of Virtua Fighter demonstrated that fighting games focused on gameplay were still commercially viable.

combos of two-dimensional competitors. Virtua Fighter's fluid animation and relatively realistic depiction of distinct fighting styles gave its combatants a lifelike presence considered impossible to replicate with sprites.[77][78][79]

Virtua Fighter played a crucial role in popularizing 3D polygonal graphics.

Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE) staff involved in the creation of the original PlayStation video game console credit Virtua Fighter as inspiration for the PlayStation's 3D graphics hardware. According to SCE's former producer Ryoji Akagawa and chairman Shigeo Maruyama, the PlayStation was originally being considered as a 2D focused hardware, and it was not until the success of Virtua Fighter in the arcades that they decided to design the PlayStation as a 3D focused hardware.[82] Toby Gard also cited Virtua Fighter as an influence on the use of polygon characters—and the creation of Lara Croft—in Tomb Raider: "It became clear to me watching people play Virtua Fighter, which was kind of the first big 3D-character console game, that even though there were only two female characters in the lineup, in almost every game I saw being played, someone was picking one of the two females."[83] John Romero also cited Virtua Fighter as a major influence on the creation of 3D first-person shooter Quake.[84][85] Team Ico's Fumito Ueda also cited Virtua Fighter as an influence on his animation work.[86]

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    . One of the key objections to 3D graphics that developers had been raising with Sony was that while polygons worked fine for inanimate objects such as racing cars, 2D images were superior when it came to animating people or other characters. Virtua Fighter, Suzuki's follow-up to Virtua Racing, was a direct riposte to such thinking ... The characters may have resembled artists' mannequins but their lifelike movement turned Suzuki's game into a huge success that exploded claims that game characters couldn't be done successfully in 3D ... Teruhisa Tokunaka, chief executive officer of Sony Computer Entertainment, even went so far as to thank Sega for creating Virtua Fighter and transforming developers' attitudes.
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  85. ^ Edge, May 1997, My original idea was to do something like Virtua Fighter in a 3D world, with full-contact fighting, but you'd also be able to run through a world, and do the same stuff you do in Quake, only when you got into these melees, the camera would pull out into a third-person perspective. It would've been great, but nobody else had faith in trying it. The project was taking too long, and everybody just wanted to fall back on the safe thing – the formula.
  86. PlayStation Blog, PlayStation Network
  1. ^ Japanese: バーチャファイター, Hepburn: Bācha Faitā

External links

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