110s

The 110s was a decade that ran from January 1, AD 110, to December 31, AD 119.

In 114, the

By place

Roman Empire

• The Forum of Trajan is constructed in Rome, by the Syrian architect Apollodorus of Damascus.
• The Roman Empire has more than 75,000 kilometers (47,000 mi) of roads.

Asia

• intaglio gems
  from Rome.

• Suetonius, Roman historian, publishes Viris Illustribus ("On Famous Men" – in the field of literature).

111

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Trajan sends Pliny the Younger to be governor (legatus Augusti) of Bithynia.^[3]

Asia

• Indian Emperor
  Mathura
  ).

112

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Trajan and Titus Sextius Cornelius Africanus become Roman consuls.
• Augusta upon the death of Marciana
  .
• archon of Athens
  .
• Tacitus is named proconsul of the Roman province of Asia (112–113).^[4]

Asia

• King Jima succeeds Pasa as ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla.^[5]

113

By place

Roman Empire

• Second Dacian War
  .
• Osroes I of Parthia violates the treaty with Rome by installing a puppet ruler in Armenia. Emperor Trajan marches east, without first attempting to use diplomacy
  to resolve the disagreement.
• Emperor
  olive branches, a sign of peace
  .
• Trajan declares Armenia to be annexed and it becomes a Roman province.
• Basilica Ulpia is dedicated.

Asia

• Last (7th) year of Yongchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty.
• "Pattini dheivam" worship is inaugurated in
  Mahavamso
  ).

114

By place

Roman Empire

• Construction begins on the Arch of Trajan in Benevento.^[6]
• The kingdom of Osroene becomes a vassal kingdom of the Roman Empire.
• Emperor Trajan defeats the Parthians and overruns Armenia and northern Mesopotamia.
• A monument to Philopappos, prince-in-exile of old Commagene (a buffer-state between Rome and Parthia) is erected in Athens.

Asia

• First year of Yuanchu era of the Chinese Eastern
  Han Dynasty
  .

By topic

Religion

• Change of Patriarch of Constantinople from Patriarch Sedecion to Patriarch Diogenes.

115

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Trajan is cut off in southern Mesopotamia after his invasion of that region.
• Trajan captures the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon.
• Jews in Egypt and Cyrene ignite a revolt (Kitos War) against the rule of the Roman Empire, which spreads to Cyprus, Judea, and the Roman province
  of Mesopotamia.
• Alexandria in Egypt is destroyed during the Jewish-Greek civil wars. Marcus Rutilius Lupus, the Roman governor, sends Legio XXII Deiotariana to protect the inhabitants of Memphis.
• A revolt breaks out in Britain; the garrison at Eboracum (York) is massacred.^[7]
• The Pantheon of Agrippa is reconstructed in Rome.
• Lusius Quietus, Trajan's governor of Judea, begins a brutal campaign to maintain the peace in the region.

Asia

• martyred and remembered as St. Ignatius
  ).

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor
  Seleucia, Babylon, Ctesiphon and Susa, marking the high-water mark of the Roman Empire
  's eastern expansion.
• Trajan makes Syria a province of Rome and crosses the Tigris to annex Adiabene. He proceeds with his army to the Persian Gulf and conquers territory that becomes the province of Parthia.
• Trajan removes
  Osroes I as king of Parthia, and appoints his son Parthamaspates
  in his place. Parthamaspates romanizes his name to Parthicus.
• Trajan sends two expeditionary forces. One, consisting of elements of Legio III Cyrenaica, to suppress the revolt in Judea and the other Legio VII Claudia to restore order on Cyprus.
• Trajan sends laureatae to the Roman Senate on account of his victories and being conqueror of Parthia.
• Quintus Marcius Turbo sails to Alexandria
  and defeats the Jews in several pitched battles.
• Jewish
  uprising against Rome fails.

By place

Roman Empire

• Jewish revolt (the Kitos War), then falls seriously ill, leaving Hadrian
  in command of the east.
• On his death bed, Trajan allegedly adopts Hadrian and designates him as his successor.
• August 9 - 11 – Emperor Trajan dies of a stroke at Selinus in Cilicia, age 63, while en route from Mesopotamia to Italy, leaving the Roman Empire at its maximal territorial extent.
• Hadrian, who will reign until 138, succeeds him.
  • Hadrian, a Spaniard like Trajan, as Emperor inaugurates a policy of retrenchment and cultural integration, giving up the policy of conquest of his predecessor in order to consolidate the empire.
• Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians, as part of a peace settlement.
• Construction begins on the Pantheon in Rome.
• The Roman Empire reaches its greatest extent.

By topic

Commerce

• The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 87 percent under emperor Hadrian, down from 93 percent in the reign of Trajan.

Religion

• John I becomes the 7th Bishop of Jerusalem.

118

By place

Roman Empire

• market complex, and an enormous basilica, all of which replace hundreds of dwellings
  .
• Emperor
  Roman Consul
  .
• Rome has a population exceeding 1 million, making it the largest city in the world.
• Osroene is returned to native rule by the Roman Empire.
• Plot of the consuls: Hadrian executes four senators, all former consuls, who had been shown to have plotted against him. His relations with the Senate are strained.
• Pantheon, in Rome, starts to be built (approximate date).
• 118–
  Antikensammlung
  .

Asia

• The north-south feud between the Hun Dynasty ends.
• The oldest known painted depiction of a wheelbarrow is found in a Chinese tomb of Chengde, Sichuan province, dated to this year.

119

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Hadrian stations Legio VI Victrix in Roman Britain, to assist in quelling the resistance of a local rebellion. The legion is key in securing the victory, and eventually replaces Legio IX Hispana at Eboracum.
• Hadrian also visits Britain in this year at the request of governor of Britain Quintus Pompeius Falco.
• Salonia Matidia (a niece of former Emperor Trajan) dies. Hadrian delivers her funeral oration, and grants her a temple in Rome.

Asia

• Reign in Northern India by Nahapana, Scythian king. He attacks the kingdom of Andhra and annexes Southern Rajputana.

Significant people

• Trajan, Roman Emperor

Births

110

• Hegesippus of Nazarene, Christian chronicler and writer (d. 180)^[8]
• Qiao Xuan (or Gongzu), Chinese official and chancellor (d. 184)

111

• Antinous, Bithynian Greek lover of Emperor Hadrian (d. 130)^[9]

113

• Adrianus, Greek sophist philosopher (d. 193)
• Gnaeus Claudius Severus Arabianus, Roman senator and philosopher (d. after 176)

115

• Pausanias, Greek historian and geographer (d. 180)
• Shun of Han, Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty (d. 144)

116

• Liang Na, wife of Shun of Han (d. 150)^[10]

117

• Aelius Aristides, Greek orator (d. 181)^[11]

119

• Gaius Bruttius Praesens
  , Roman politician (approximate date)
• Marina of Aguas Santas, Roman Christian martyr (d. 139)

Deaths

110

• Duan Xi, Chinese Protector General of the Western Regions
• Pacorus II, ruler (King of Kings ) of the Parthian Empire

112

• Beatus of Lungern, Swiss monk and hermit
• Pasa (the Great), Korean ruler of Silla^[5]

113

• Pliny the Younger, Roman lawyer and scientist (b. AD 61)^[12]

115

• Alexander I, bishop of Rome (approximate date)
• Dio Chrysostom, Greek philosopher and historian (b. AD 40)

116

• March 30 – Quirinus of Neuss, Roman Christian martyr according to Roman Catholic tradition
• Abgar VII, ruler of Osroene (approximate date)
• Ban Zhao, female Chinese historian (b. AD 49)
• Philopappos, prince of Commagene (b. AD 65)
• Zacchaeus of Jerusalem, bishop of Jerusalem

117

• August 8 - Trajan, Roman emperor (b. AD 53)^[13]
• Gaius Cornelius Tacitus, Roman historian (b. AD 56
  )
• Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus, Roman general in Judea (b. AD 70)
• Hermione of Ephesus, Maurus, Pantalemon and Sergius, Astius and several other Christian martyrs in persecution by Trajan

118

• August 8 – Primus, patriarch of Alexandria
• Aulus Cornelius Palma, Roman politician
• Bassus of Lucera, Roman bishop and martyr
• Gaius Avidius Nigrinus, Roman politician
• Lucius Publilius Celsus, Roman politician
• Lusius Quietus, Roman general and governor
• Ren Shang, Chinese general of Han Dynasty
• Terentian, Roman bishop and martyr

119

• December 23 – Salonia Matidia, niece of Trajan (b. AD 68)
• Plutarch, Greek historian and biographer (b. AD 46)^[14]
• San Secondo of Asti, Roman bishop and martyr
• Serapia, Roman slave and martyr (approximate date)

References