1541
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1541 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
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| 371 before ROC 民前371年 | |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 73 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2083–2084 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳金鼠年 (male Iron-Rat) 1667 or 1286 or 514 — to — 阴金牛年 (female Iron-Ox) 1668 or 1287 or 515 |
Year 1541 (MDXLI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
- February 12 – Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago del Nuevo Extremo, which will become the capital of Chile.[1][2]
- April 7 – Francis Xavier leaves Lisbon, on a mission to the Portuguese East Indies.[3]
- April 24 – Battle of Sahart: Gelawdewos is defeated by the forces of Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi.[4]
- May 23 – Jacques Cartier departs from Saint-Malo, France on his third voyage.[7]
July–December
- July 9 – Estêvão da Gama departs Massawa, leaving behind 400 matchlock men and 150 slaves under his brother Cristóvão da Gama, with orders to assist the Emperor of Ethiopia to defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, who had invaded his Empire.
- Janissaries of Suleiman the Magnificent besiege Buda, wounding Wilhelm von Roggendorf, who dies from his wounds on the way to Komárno a few days later.[8]
- September 9–11 – Spanish noblewoman Beatriz de la Cueva serves as governor of the colony of Guatemala, before she is killed in a mudslide from Volcán de Agua, which ruins the capital city, Ciudad Vieja.[9]
- October 7 – Through royal decree, the city of Arequipa is granted its coat of arms.[12]
- October–November – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor / Charles I of Spain personally leads a disastrous expedition against the Regency of Algiers.[13]
Date unknown
- Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent seals off The Golden Gate in Jerusalem,[14] likely because of a prophecy that that the Messiah would return through this gate to Jerusalem.[15]
- Lutheran faith.[16]
- Gerardus Mercator makes his first globe.[17]
- The first official translation of the entire Bible into Swedish is made, and is called the Gustav Vasa Bible.[18]
- John Calvin translates his Institutio Christianae religionis into French, as L'Institution chrétienne.[19]
- Elia Levita's chivalric romance, the Bovo-Bukh, is first printed, the earliest published secular work in Yiddish.
Births
- January 24 – Magdalena Moons, Dutch woman associated with the 1574 Siege of Leiden (d. 1613)[20]
- January 26 – Florent Chrestien, French writer (d. 1596)[21]
- February 21 – Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1599)[22]
- April 8 – Michele Mercati, Italian physician and gardener (d. 1593)[24]
- September 7
- Luigi Groto, Italian lutenist and poet (d. 1588)[26]
- Hernando de Cabezón, Spanish musician (d. 1602)[27]
- September 5 – Roberto de' Nobili, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1559[28]
- September 21 – Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg, Countess consort of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1616)[29]
- November 9 – Menso Alting, Dutch preacher and reformer (d. 1612)[30]
- November 25 – Michele Bonelli, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1598)[31]
- February 12 – Johann Bauhin, Swiss botanist (d. 1613)[32]
- date unknown
- Pierre Charron, French philosopher (d. 1603)[33]
- El Greco, or Domênikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος), Cretian painter, sculptor and architect (d. 1614)[34]
- Hatano Hideharu, Japanese samurai (d. 1579)
- Mizuno Tadashige, Japanese nobleman (d. 1600)[35][unreliable source?]
- Guðbrandur Þorláksson, Icelandic mathematician (d. 1627)[36]
- Hattori Hanzō, Japanese ninja who served under Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. 1596)[37]
Deaths
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- January 2 – Wang Gen, Chinese philosopher (b. 1483)
- January 5 – Philip of the Palatinate, Bishop of Freising and Naumburg (b. 1480)[38]
- April – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (b. 1480)[39]
- April 21 – James, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (b. 1540)
- April 24 – Celio Calcagnini, Italian astronomer (b. 1479)[40]
- April 29 – Johann Gramann, German theologian (b. 1487)[41]
- June 26 – Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistador (b. c. 1475)[43]
- July 4 – Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish conquistador (b. 1495)[44]
- August – Juan de Valdés, Spanish religious writer (b. 1500)[45]
- August 1 – Simon Grynaeus, German scholar and theologian (b. 1493)[46]
- August 18 – Henry IV, Duke of Saxony (1539–1541) (b. 1473)[47]
- August 19 – Vincenzo Cappello, Venetian admiral and statesman (b. 1469)[48]
- September 24 – Paracelsus, Swiss alchemist and physician (b. 1493)[49]
- September – Beatriz de la Cueva, Governor of Guatemala (b. 1510)[9]
- October 18 – Margaret Tudor, queen of James IV of Scotland (b. 1489)[50]
- November 30 – Amago Tsunehisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1458)
- December 10
- Thomas Culpeper, English courtier, lover of Catherine Howard (b. c. 1514)[52]
- Francis Dereham, English lover of Catherine Howard (executed)[52]
- December 24 – Andreas Karlstadt, Christian theologian and reformer (b. 1486)[53]
- date unknown
- Jean Clouet, French miniature painter (b. 1480)[54]
- Margareta von Melen, Swedish noblewoman (b. 1489)
- Gül Baba, Ottoman dervish poet[55]
- Giovanni Guidiccioni, Italian poet (b. 1480)[56]
References
- ISBN 978-956-244-102-5. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
- ^ Revista de la Universidad Nacional de Cordoba (in Spanish). Dirección General de Publicaciones, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. 1922. p. 34. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-8264-1481-6. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
- ISBN 978-88-7041-594-0.
- ISBN 978-1-61228-369-2. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ Official and Statistical Register of the State of Mississippi. Mississippi. Dept. of Archives and History. 1951. p. 330. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-4612-5278-8. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ "Buda ostroma, 1541". budapestcity.org. January 5, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7864-0022-5. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-86012-085-8. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-664-20810-3. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ Lockey, Joseph (1914). Folletos peruanos (in Spanish). Lima: Calle de Lampa. p. 31. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ Ward, A.W. (1904). The Cambridge Modern History. New York: The MacMillan Company. p. 76. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-59636-564-3. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
But the present gate owes its form due to Ottoman Sultan Suleiman who sealed it in 1541.
- ISBN 978-1-6629-1503-1. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
The Eastern (or Golden) Gate was sealed in 1541 by the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman after being informed it was prophesied that through this gate the Jewish Messiah would return to Israel.
- ISBN 978-1-000-83015-6. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
In Iceland, the Reformation occurred in Skalholt diocese in 1541, when the Lutheran Church ordinance of King Christian III was passed by the country's general assembly, Alþingi.
- ISSN 0020-6946. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ Biblis: tidskrift för bokhistoria, bibliografi, bokhantverk, samlande (in Swedish). Kungl. Biblioteket. 1999. p. 47. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-8028-0774-8. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ "Moons, Magdalena (1541-1613)". Huygens Instituut (in Dutch). Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ BRAINNE, Charles (1852). Les Hommes illustres de l'Orléanais, biographie générale des trois departements du Loiret, d'Eure-et-Loir&de Loir-et-Cher (in French). Alphonse Gatineau. p. 190. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ Suchier, Reinhard (1897). Die Münzen der Grafen von Hanau (in German). Hanau History Association. p. 46. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ "FRANCESCO I de' Medici". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ Brambilla, Giovanni Alessandro (1782). Storia delle Scoperte Fisico-Medico-Anatomico-Chirurgiche fatte dagli Uomini Illustri Italiani: Scuola Romana : Romani, Toscani, Napolitani E Veneziani. 2,2 : Secolo XVI (in Italian). Monistero di S. Ambrogio maggiore. p. 131. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ "Potii, Ipatii". www.encyclopediaofukraine.com.
- ^ Gaspary, Adolf (1888). Geschichte der italienischen Literatur (in German). K.J. Trübner. p. 565. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ "Cabezón, Hernando de". Grove Music Online. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
- ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 22, 1553". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Menzel, Carl (1884). Geschichte von Nassau (in German). Kreidel. p. 326. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-3-374-05436-7. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of March 6, 1566". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ "Bauhin, Jean". www.deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Charron, Pierre (1697). Of wisdom : three books. London: Printed for M. Gillyflower, M. Bently, H. Bornwick, J. Tonson, W. Freeman, T. Goodwin, M. Wotton, J. Waltboe, S. Manship, and R. Parker. p. 1. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Frank Rutter (1930). El Greco (1541-1614). Methuen. p. 8.
- ^ 水野氏一族の群像 (in Japanese). 歴史研究会. p. 61. Retrieved September 16, 2023.[unreliable source?]
- ISBN 978-90-04-42400-5. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-4738-1793-7. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Heimbucher, Max (1888). Kurze Geschichte Freisings und seiner Bischöfe (in German). Fellerer. p. 48. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Besala, Jerzy (2009). Najsłynniejsze miłości królów polskich (in Polish). Bellona. p. 112. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-88-85668-18-8. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-3-11-087397-9. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage, Privy Council, and Order of Preference. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1963. p. 9.
- ISBN 0-8223-8250-4.
- ISSN 0252-9963. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ Ricart, Domingo (1958). Juan de Valdés y el pensamiento religioso europeo en los siglos XVI y XVII (in Spanish). El Colegio de México. p. 40. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-3-642-74970-4.
- ^ Ißleib, Simon (1907). Moritz von Sachsen als evangelischer Fürst, 1541-1553 (in German). Barth. p. 2. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
- ISBN 978-0-646-43327-1. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-681-45961-8.
- ISBN 978-3-579-04381-4. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-3990-9579-2. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-271-09112-9. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
- ISBN 978-0-7148-1431-5. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
- ^ İslâm ansiklopedisi: İslâm âlemi coğrafya, etnoğrafya ve biyografya lûgati ... (in Turkish). Maarif Matbaası. 1940. p. 832. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
- ^ Laura: Or, An Anthology of Sonnets, (on the Petrarcan Model,) and Elegiac Quatuorzains. R. Taylor. 1814. p. cix. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
- ^ Gibb, Sir H. A. R. (1960). The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill Archive. p. 32. Retrieved September 17, 2023.