July 9

July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 175 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome.^[1]
• 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I.^[2]
• Theoderic the Great in Ad Pinetam. Both sides suffer heavy losses, but in the end Theodoric forces Odoacer back into Ravenna
  .
• 551 – A major earthquake strikes Beirut, triggering a devastating tsunami that affected the coastal towns of Byzantine Phoenicia, causing thousands of deaths.^[3]
• 660 – Korean forces under general Kim Yu-sin of Silla defeat the army of Baekje in the Battle of Hwangsanbeol.
• Sanriku earthquake strikes the area around Sendai in northern Honshu
  , Japan. Inundation from the tsunami extended several kilometers inland.
• Fatimid general Jawhar leads the Friday prayer in Fustat in the name of Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, thereby symbolically completing the Fatimid conquest of Egypt.^[4]
• 1357 – Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
• 1386 – The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Duchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach.
• Jalairid Sultanate
  and destroys Baghdad.
• Henry VIII of England annuls his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves
  .
• 1572 – Nineteen Catholics suffer martyrdom for their beliefs in the Dutch town of Gorkum.

1601–1900

• Rudolf II
  .
• 1701 – A Bourbon force under Nicolas Catinat withdraws from a smaller Habsburg force under Prince Eugene of Savoy in the Battle of Carpi.
• 1745 – French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after.
• 1755 – The Braddock Expedition is soundly defeated by a smaller French and Native American force in its attempt to capture Fort Duquesne in what is now downtown Pittsburgh.
• 1762 – Catherine the Great becomes Empress of Russia following the coup against her husband, Peter III.^[5]
• 1763 – The Mozart family grand tour of Europe began, lifting the profile of son Wolfgang Amadeus.^[6]
• 1776 – George Washington orders the Declaration of Independence to be read out to members of the Continental Army in Manhattan, while thousands of British troops on Staten Island prepare for the Battle of Long Island.^[7]
• 1789 – In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
• 1790 – The Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian Baltic fleet.
• 1793 – The Act Against Slavery in Upper Canada bans the importation of slaves and will free those who are born into slavery after the passage of the Act at 25 years of age.
• 1795 – Financier James Swan pays off the $2,024,899 US national debt that had been accrued during the American Revolution.^[8]
• 1807 – The second Treaty of Tilsit is signed between France and Prussia, ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
• 1810 – Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.
• 1811 – Explorer David Thompson posts a sign near what is now Sacajawea State Park in Washington state, claiming the Columbia District for the United Kingdom.
• 1815 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord becomes the first Prime Minister of France.
• 1816 – Argentina declares independence from Spain.
• Kyprianos are executed in response to Cypriot aid to the Greek War of Independence
  .
• 1850 – U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies after eating raw fruit and iced milk; he is succeeded in office by Vice President Millard Fillmore.
• 1850 – Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.
• 1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends in a Union victory and, along with the fall of Vicksburg five days earlier, gives the Union complete control of the Mississippi River.^[9]
• 1868 – The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
• Herzegovina Uprising against Ottoman
  rule begins, which would last until 1878 and have far-reaching implications throughout the Balkans.
• Wimbledon Championships
  begins.
• 1893 – Daniel Hale Williams, American heart surgeon, performs the first successful open-heart surgery in United States without anesthesia.
• 1896 – William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of Gold speech advocating bimetallism at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
• 1900 – The Federation of Australia is given royal assent.
• 1900 – The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.

1901–present

• 1918 – In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
• 1922 – Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking the world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'.
• 1926 – Chiang Kai-shek accepts the post of commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, marking the beginning of the Northern Expedition to unite China under the rule of the Nationalist government.^[10][11]
• 1932 – The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution.
• Fox Film Corporation are destroyed by the 1937 Fox vault fire
  .
• downfall of Mussolini and forcing Hitler to break off the Battle of Kursk
  .
• 1944 – World War II: American forces take Saipan, bringing the Japanese archipelago within range of B-29 raids, and causing the downfall of the Tojo government.
• 1944 – World War II:
  Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive
  .
• 1955 – The Russell–Einstein Manifesto calls for a reduction of the risk of nuclear warfare.
• Mercalli intensity
  of IX (Violent). The shaking and the destructive tsunami that followed left fifty-three people dead. A damaging M7.2 aftershock occurred minutes after the mainshock.
• earthquake in Alaska causes a landslide that produces a megatsunami. The runup from the waves reached 525 m (1,722 ft) on the rim of Lituya Bay
  ; five people were killed.
• 1961 – Greece becomes the first member state to join the European Economic Community by signing the Athens Agreement, which was suspended in 1967 during the Greek junta.^[12]
• 1962 – Starfish Prime tests the effects of a nuclear test at orbital altitudes.
• Pinochet dictatorship in Chile organises the youth event of Acto de Chacarillas,^[13] a ritualised act reminiscent of Francoist Spain.^[14]
• 1979 – A car bomb destroys a Renault motor car owned by "Nazi hunters" Serge and Beate Klarsfeld outside their home in France in an unsuccessful assassination attempt.
• 1982 – Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana, killing all 145 people on board and eight others on the ground.
• 1986 – The New Zealand Parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.
• 1993 – The Parliament of Canada passes the Nunavut Act leading to the 1999 creation of Nunavut, dividing the Northwest Territories into arctic (Inuit) and sub-arctic (Dene) lands based on a plebiscite.
• Tamil
  civilian refugees.
• Fernando Caldeira de Moura Campos into 2,400 meters of free fall after an explosion that depressurized the aircraft.^[15]
• Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran
  .
• 2002 – The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, replacing the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The organization's first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.
• 2004 – The Senate Report on Iraqi WMD Intelligence is released by the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, casting doubt on the rationale for the Iraq War.^[16]
• 2006 – One hundred and twenty-five people are killed when S7 Airlines Flight 778, an Airbus A310 passenger jet, veers off the runway while landing in wet conditions at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia.
• 2011 – South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan.
• 2011 – A rally takes place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to call for fairer elections in the country.^[17]

Births

Pre-1600

• 1249 – Emperor Kameyama of Japan (d. 1305)
• 1455 – Frederick IV of Baden, Dutch bishop (d. 1517)
• 1511 – Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg, queen consort of Denmark and Norway (d. 1571)^[18]
• 1526 – Elizabeth of Austria, Polish noble (d. 1545)
• 1577 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English-American soldier and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (d. 1618)
• 1578 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1637)^[19]

1601–1900

• 1654 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
• 1686 – Philip Livingston, American merchant and politician (d. 1749)
• 1689 – Alexis Piron, French epigrammatist and playwright (d. 1773)
• 1721 – Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet and author (d. 1781)
• Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland
  (d. 1825)
• 1764 – Ann Ward, English author and poet (d. 1823)^[20]
• Matthew Lewis
  , English author and playwright (d. 1818)
• 1777 – Paavo Ruotsalainen, Finnish farmer and lay preacher (d. 1852)^[21]
• 1800 – Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, German physician, pathologist, and anatomist (d. 1885)
• 1808 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and colonel (d. 1887)
• 1819 – Elias Howe, American inventor, invented the sewing machine (d. 1867)
• 1825 – A. C. Gibbs, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Governor of Oregon (d. 1886)
• 1828 – Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian cardinal (d. 1913)
• 1834 – Jan Neruda, Czech journalist and poet (d. 1891)
• 1836 – Camille of Renesse-Breidbach (d. 1904)
• 1848 – Robert I, Duke of Parma (d. 1907)
• 1853 – William Turner Dannat, American painter (d. 1929)
• 1856 – John Verran, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of South Australia (d. 1932)
• 1858 – Franz Boas, German-American anthropologist and linguist (d. 1942)
• 1867 – Georges Lecomte, French author and playwright (d. 1958)
• 1879 – Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician and parasitologist (d. 1934)
• 1879 – Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer and conductor (d. 1936)
• 1887 – James Ormsbee Chapin, American-Canadian painter and illustrator (d. 1975)
• 1887 – Saturnino Herrán, Mexican painter (d. 1918)
• 1887 – Samuel Eliot Morison, American admiral and historian (d. 1976)
• 1889 – Léo Dandurand, American-Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and referee (d. 1964)
• 1893 – George Geary, English cricketer and coach (d. 1981)

1901–present

• 1901 – Barbara Cartland, English author (d. 2000)
• 1902 – Peter Acland, English soldier (d. 1993)
• 1905 – Clarence Campbell, Canadian ice hockey player and referee (d. 1984)
• 1907 – Eddie Dean, American singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
• Allamah Rasheed Turabi
  , Pakistani philosopher and scholar (d. 1973)
• 1908 – Minor White, American photographer, critic, and educator (d. 1976)
• 1909 – Basil Wolverton, American author and illustrator (d. 1978)
• 1910 – Govan Mbeki, South African anti-apartheid and ANC leader and activist (d. 2001)
• 1911 – Mervyn Peake, English author and illustrator (d. 1968)
• 1911 – John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist and author (d. 2008)
• Prime Minister of East Germany
  (d. 1999)
• 1914 – Mac Wilson, Australian rules footballer (d. 2017)
• 1915 – David Diamond, American composer and educator (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Lee Embree, American sergeant and photographer (d. 2008)
• 1916 – Dean Goffin, New Zealand composer (d. 1984)
• 1916 – Edward Heath, English colonel and politician; Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 1970-74 (d. 2005)
• 1917 – Krystyna Dańko, Polish orphan, survivor of Holocaust (d. 2019)
• 1918 – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, Dutch mathematician and academic (d. 2012)
• 1918 – Jarl Wahlström, Finnish 12th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1999)
• 1921 – David C. Jones, American general (d. 2013)
• 1922 – Kathleen Booth, British computer scientist and mathematician (d. 2022)^[22]
• 1922 – Angelines Fernández, Spanish-Mexican actress (d. 1994)
• 1922 – Jim Pollard, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)^[23]
• 1924 – Pierre Cochereau, French organist and composer (d. 1984)
• 1925 – Guru Dutt, Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 1964)
• 1925 – Charles E. Wicks, American engineer, author, and academic (d. 2010)
• 1925 – Ronald I. Spiers, American ambassador (d. 2021)
• 1926 – Murphy Anderson, American illustrator (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Ben Roy Mottelson, American-Danish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2022)
• 1926 – Pedro Dellacha, Argentine football defender and coach (d. 2010)
• 1926 – Mathilde Krim, Italian-American medical researcher and health educator (d. 2018)
• 1927 – Ed Ames, American singer and actor (d. 2023)
• 1927 – Red Kelly, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and politician (d. 2019)
• 1928 – Federico Bahamontes, Spanish cyclist (d. 2023)
• 1928 – Vince Edwards, American actor, singer, and director (d. 1996)
• 1929 – Lee Hazlewood, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2007)
• 1929 – Jesse McReynolds, American singer and mandolin player (d. 2023)
• 1929 – Chi Haotian, Chinese general
• 1929 – Hassan II of Morocco (d. 1999)
• 1930 – K. Balachander, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Buddy Bregman, American composer and conductor (d. 2017)
• 1930 – Janice Lourie, American computer scientist and graphic artist
• 1930 – Elsa Lystad, Norwegian actress (d. 2023)
• 1930 – Patricia Newcomb, American publicist
• 1930 – Roy McLean, South African cricketer and rugby player (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Haynes Johnson, American journalist and author (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Sylvia Bacon, American judge (d. 2023)
• 1932 – Donald Rumsfeld, American captain and politician, 13th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2021)
• 1932 – Amitzur Shapira, Israeli sprinter and long jumper (d. 1972)
• 1933 – Oliver Sacks, English-American neurologist, author, and academic (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Michael Graves, American architect, designed the Portland Building and the Humana Building (d. 2015)
• 1935 – Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician, Dutch Minister of Finance (d. 2005)
• 1935 – Mercedes Sosa, Argentine singer and activist (d. 2009)
• 1935 – Michael Williams, English actor (d. 2001)
• 1936 – June Jordan, American poet and educator (d. 2002)
• 1936 – David Zinman, American violinist and conductor
• 1937 – David Hockney, English painter and photographer
• 1938 – Brian Dennehy, American actor (d. 2020)^[24]
• 1938 – Sanjeev Kumar, Indian film actor (d. 1985)
• 1940 – David B. Frohnmayer, American lawyer and politician, 12th Oregon Attorney General (d. 2015)
• 1940 – Eugene Victor Wolfenstein, American psychoanalyst and theorist (d. 2010)
• 1941 – Mac MacLeod, English musician (d. 2020)
• 1942 – David Chidgey, Baron Chidgey, English engineer and politician (d. 2022)
• 1942 – Richard Roundtree, American actor (d. 2023)
• 1943 – John Casper, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
• 1944 – Judith M. Brown, Indian-English historian and academic
• 1944 – John Cunniff, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2002)
• 1944 – Tabassum, Indian actress and talk show host (d. 2022)^[25]
• 1945 – Dean Koontz, American author and screenwriter
• 1945 – Root Boy Slim, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1993)
• 1946 – Bon Scott, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (d. 1980)
• 1947 – Haruomi Hosono, Japanese singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
• 1947 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (d. 2008)
• 1947 – O. J. Simpson, American football player and actor (d. 2024)^[26]
• 1947 – Patrick Wormald, English historian (d. 2004)
• 1948 – Hassan Wirajuda, Indonesian lawyer and politician, 15th Indonesian Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1949 – Raoul Cédras, Haitian military officer and politician^[27]
• 1950 – Amal ibn Idris al-Alami, Moroccan physician and neurosurgeon
• 1950 – Adriano Panatta, Italian tennis player and sailor
• 1950 – Viktor Yanukovych, Ukrainian engineer and politician, 4th President of Ukraine
• 1951 – Chris Cooper, American actor
• 1951 – Māris Gailis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
• 1952 – John Tesh, American pianist, composer, and radio and television host
• 1953 – Margie Gillis, Canadian dancer and choreographer
• 1953 – Thomas Ligotti, American author
• 1954 – Théophile Abega, Cameroonian footballer and politician (d. 2012)
• 1954 – Kevin O'Leary, Canadian journalist and businessman
• 1955 – Steve Coppell, English footballer and manager
• 1955 – Lindsey Graham, American lawyer and politician
• 1955 – Jimmy Smits, American actor and producer
• 1955 – Willie Wilson, American baseball player and manager
• 1956 – Tom Hanks, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1956 – Michael Lederer, American author, poet, and playwright
• 1957 – Marc Almond, English singer-songwriter
• 1957 – Tim Kring, American screenwriter and producer
• 1957 – Kelly McGillis, American actress
• 1957 – Paul Merton, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Abdul Latiff Ahmad, Malaysian politician
• 1958 –
  Jacob Joseph
  , Malaysian football coach
• 1959 – Jim Kerr, Scottish singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1959 – Kevin Nash, American professional wrestler and actor^[28]
• 1959 – Clive Stafford Smith, English lawyer and author
• 1960 – Yūko Asano, Japanese actress and singer
• 1960 – Wally Fullerton Smith, Australian rugby league player
• 1960 – Eduardo Montes-Bradley, Argentine journalist, photographer, and author
• 1963 – Klaus Theiss, German footballer
• 1964 – Courtney Love, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
• 1964 – Gianluca Vialli, Italian footballer and coach (d. 2023)^[29]
• 1965 – Frank Bello, American bass player
• 1965 – Thomas Jahn, German director and screenwriter
• 1965 – Jason Rhoades, American sculptor (d. 2006)
• 1966 – Pamela Adlon, American actress and voice artist
• 1966 – Zheng Cao, Chinese-American soprano and actress (d. 2013)
• 1966 – Gary Glasberg, American television writer and producer (d. 2016)
• 1966 – Marco Pennette, American screenwriter and producer
• 1967 – Gunnar Axén, Swedish politician
• 1967 – Yordan Letchkov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1967 – Mark Stoops, American football player and coach
• 1967 –
  Julie Thomas, Welsh lawn bowler^[30]
• 1968 – Paolo Di Canio, Italian footballer and manager
• 1969 – Nicklas Barker, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1969 – Jason Kearton, Australian footballer and coach
• 1970 – Trent Green, American football player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Masami Tsuda, Japanese author and illustrator
• 1971 – Marc Andreessen, American software developer, co-founded Netscape
• 1972 – Ara Babajian, American drummer and songwriter
• 1973 – Kelly Holcomb, American football player and sportscaster
• 1974 – Siân Berry, English environmentalist and politician
• 1974 – Ian Bradshaw, Barbadian cricketer
• 1974 – Gary Kelly, Irish footballer
• 1974 – Kārlis Skrastiņš, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2011)^[31]
• 1974 – Nikola Šarčević, Swedish singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1975 – Shelton Benjamin, American wrestler^[32]
• 1975 – Isaac Brock, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1975 – Robert Koenig, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1975 – Craig Quinnell, Welsh rugby player
• 1975 – Jack White, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1976 – Thomas Cichon, Polish-German footballer and manager
• 1976 – Fred Savage, American actor, director, and producer
• 1976 – Radike Samo, Fijian-Australian rugby player
• 1978 – Kara Goucher, American runner
• 1978 – Nuno Santos, Portuguese footballer
• 1979 – Gary Chaw, Malaysian Chinese singer-songwriter
• 1981 – Lee Chun-soo, South Korean footballer
• 1981 – Junauda Petrus, American author and performance artist^[33][34]
• 1982 – Alecko Eskandarian, American soccer player and manager
• 1982 – Sakon Yamamoto, Japanese race car driver
• 1984 – Chris Campoli, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Gianni Fabiano, Italian footballer
• 1984 – Jacob Hoggard, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1984 – Ave Pajo, Estonian footballer
• 1984 – Piia Suomalainen, Finnish tennis player
• 1984 – LA Tenorio, Filipino basketball player
• 1985 – Paweł Korzeniowski, Polish swimmer
• 1985 – Ashley Young, English footballer
• 1986 – Sébastien Bassong, Cameroonian footballer
• 1986 – Simon Dumont, American skier
• 1986 – Kiely Williams, American singer-songwriter and dancer
• 1987 – Gert Jõeäär, Estonian cyclist
• 1987 – Rebecca Sugar, American animator, composer, and screenwriter
• 1988 – Raul Rusescu, Romanian footballer
• 1990 – Earl Bamber, New Zealand race car driver
• 1990 –
  Fábio
  , Brazilian footballer
• 1990 – Rafael, Brazilian footballer
• 1991 – Mitchel Musso, American actor and singer^[35]
• 1993 – Mitch Larkin, Australian swimmer
• 1993 – DeAndre Yedlin, American footballer
• 1999 – Claire Corlett, American voice actress^[36]
• 2003 – Conor Bradley, Northern Irish footballer^[37]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 230 – Empress Dowager Bian, Cao Cao's wife (b. 159)
• 518 – Anastasius I Dicorus, Byzantine emperor (b. 430)
• 715 – Naga, Japanese prince (b.c 637)
• 880 – Ariwara no Narihira, Japanese poet (b. 825)^[38]
• 981 – Ramiro Garcés, king of Viguera^[39]
• 1169 – Guido of Ravenna, Italian cartographer, entomologist and historian
• 1228 – Stephen Langton, English cardinal and theologian (b. 1150)
• 1270 – Stephen Báncsa, Hungarian cardinal (b. c. 1205)
• 1386 – Leopold III, Duke of Austria (b. 1351)
• 1441 – Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter (b. 1359)
• 1546 – Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell, Scottish statesman (b. c. 1493)
• 1553 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)

1601–1900

• 1654 – Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (b. 1633)
• 1706 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, Canadian captain and explorer (b. 1661)
• Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
  (b. 1671)
• 1742 – John Oldmixon, English historian, poet, and playwright (b. 1673)
• 1746 – Philip V of Spain (b. 1683)
• 1747 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (b. 1670)
• 1766 – Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (b. 1720)
• 1774 – Anna Morandi Manzolini, Spanish anatomist (b. 1714)^[40]
• 1795 – Henry Seymour Conway, English general and politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (b. 1721)
• 1797 – Edmund Burke, Irish-English philosopher, academic, and politician (b. 1729)
• 1828 – Cathinka Buchwieser, German operatic singer and actress (b. 1789)
• 1850 – Báb, Persian religious leader, founded Bábism (b. 1819)
• 1850 – Zachary Taylor, American general and politician, 12th President of the United States (b. 1784)
• 1852 – Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American lawyer and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior (b. 1794)
• 1856 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist and academic (b. 1776)
• 1856 – James Strang, American religious leader and politician (b. 1813)
• 1880 – Paul Broca, French physician and anatomist (b. 1824)
• 1882 – Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean captain (b. 1848)

1901–present

• 1903 – Alphonse François Renard, Belgian geologist and photographer (b. 1842)
• John Drew, Jr.
  , American actor (b. 1853)
• Gillette Company
  (b. 1855)
• 1935 – Daniel Edward Howard, 16th president of Liberia (b. 1861)^[41]
• 1937 – Oliver Law, American commander (b. 1899)
• 1938 – Benjamin N. Cardozo, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1870)
• 1947 – Lucjan Żeligowski, Polish-Lithuanian general and politician (b. 1865)
• 1949 – Fritz Hart, English-Australian composer and conductor (b. 1874)
• 1951 – Harry Heilmann, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1894)
• 1955 – Don Beauman, English race car driver (b. 1928)
• 1955 – Adolfo de la Huerta, Mexican politician and provisional president, 1920 (b. 1881)^[42]
• 1959 – Ferenc Talányi, Slovene journalist and painter (b. 1883)
• 1962 – Georges Bataille, French philosopher, novelist, and poet (b. 1897)^[43]
• 1961 – Whittaker Chambers, American spy and witness in Hiss case^[44][45][46](b. 1901)
• 1967 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (b. 1874)
• 1967 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani dentist and politician (b. 1893)
• 1970 – Sigrid Holmquist, Swedish actress (b. 1899)
• 1971 – Karl Ast, Estonian author and politician (b. 1886)
• 1972 – Robert Weede, American opera singer (b. 1903)
• 1974 – Earl Warren, American jurist and politician, 14th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1891)
• 1977 – Alice Paul, American activist (b. 1885)^[47]
• 1979 – Cornelia Otis Skinner, American actress and author (b. 1899)
• 1980 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1913)
• 1984 – Edna Ernestine Kramer, American mathematician (b. 1902)^[48]
• 1985 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish-American activist, founded Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)
• 1986 – Patriarch Nicholas VI of Alexandria (b. 1915)
• 1992 – Kelvin Coe, Australian ballet dancer (b. 1946)
• 1992 – Eric Sevareid, American journalist (b. 1912)
• 1993 – Metin Altıok, Turkish poet and educator (b. 1940)
• 1994 – Bill Mosienko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
• 1996 – Melvin Belli, American lawyer (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Robert de Cotret, Canadian politician, 56th Secretary of State for Canada (b. 1944)
• 2000 – Doug Fisher, English actor (b. 1941)
• 2002 – Mayo Kaan, American bodybuilder (b. 1914)
• 2002 – Rod Steiger, American actor (b. 1925)
• 2004 – Paul Klebnikov, American journalist and historian (b. 1963)
• 2004 – Isabel Sanford, American actress (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Chuck Cadman, Canadian engineer and politician (b. 1948)
• 2005 – Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (b. 1931)
• 2005 – Alex Shibicky, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1914)
• 2006 – Milan Williams, American keyboard player and producer (b. 1948)
• 2007 – Charles Lane, American actor (b. 1905)
• Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport
  (b. 1948)
• 2010 – Jessica Anderson, Australian author and playwright (b. 1916)
• 2011 – Don Ackerman, American basketball player (b. 1930)
• 2011 – Facundo Cabral, Argentine singer-songwriter (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Shin Jae-chul, South Korean-American martial artist (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Chick King, American baseball player (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Terepai Maoate, Cook Islander physician and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Eugênio Sales, Brazilian cardinal (b. 1920)
• Prime Minister of Liechtenstein
  (b. 1959)
• 2013 – Andrew Nori, Solomon lawyer and politician (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Kiril of Varna, Bulgarian metropolitan (b. 1954)
• 2013 – Barbara Robinson, American author and poet (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Toshi Seeger, American activist, co-founded the Clearwater Festival (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Lorenzo Álvarez Florentín, Paraguayan violinist and composer (b. 1926)
• 2014 – David Azrieli, Polish-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Eileen Ford, American businesswoman, co-founded Ford Models (b. 1922)
• 2014 – John Spinks, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1953)
• 2015 – Christian Audigier, French fashion designer (b. 1958)
• 2015 –
  Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabian economist and politician, Saudi Arabian Minister of Foreign Affairs
  (b. 1940)
• William E. Dannemeyer, American politician (b. 1929)^[49]
• 2019 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician (b. 1930)^[50]
• 2019 – Fernando de la Rúa, 43rd President of Argentina (b. 1937)^[51]
• 2019 – Rip Torn, American actor (b. 1931)^[52]
• 2019 – Freddie Jones, English actor (b. 1927)^[53]
• 2022 – John Gwynne, English reporter and commentator (b. 1945) ^[54]

Holidays and observances

• Arbor Day (Cambodia)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Agilulfus of Cologne
  • Amandina of Schakkebroek (one of Martyrs of Southern Hunan)
  • Blessed Marija Petković
  • Everilda
  • Gregorio Grassi (one of Martyrs of Shanxi)
  • Martyr Saints of China
  • Martyrs of Gorkum
  • Our Lady of Itatí
  • Our Lady of Peace, Octave of the Visitation
  • Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá
  • Pauline of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus
  • Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (Anglican commemoration)
  • Veronica Giuliani
  • July 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Constitution Day (Australia)
• Constitution Day (Palau)^[55]
• Constitutionalist Revolution Day (São Paulo)
• Day of the Employees of the Diplomatic Service (Azerbaijan
  )
• United Provinces of South America by the Congress of Tucumán in 1816. (Argentina
  )
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of South Sudan from Sudan
  in 2011.
• Nunavut Day (Nunavut)

Places

• July 9 Avenue

References

Bibliography

• Cañada Juste, Alberto (1982). "Un milenario navarro: Ramiro Garcés, rey de Viguera". Príncipe de Viana. 42: 21–37.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to July 9.

• "On This Day". BBC.
• The New York Times: On This Day
• "Historical Events on July 9". OnThisDay.com.