1904 in science
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The year 1904 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
- Johannes Franz Hartmann discovers the interstellar medium.[1]
- Edward Walter Maunder plots the first sunspot "butterfly diagram".
- Notable asteroid 522 Helga is discovered by Max Wolf in Heidelberg.
- December 3 – The sixth moon of Jupiter, later called Himalia, is discovered at Lick Observatory.
Cartography
- Van der Grinten projection proposed.
Mathematics
- Poincaré homology sphere, leading him to formulate the Poincaré conjecture.
- Charles Spearman develops his rank correlation coefficient.[4]
- Ernst Zermelo formulates the axiom of choice to formalize his proof of the well-ordering theorem.[5]
Medicine
- September 17 – An early study on the relationship between alcohol and cardiovascular disease is published in the United States.[6]
- Epinephrine first artificially synthesized by Friedrich Stolz.
- terminal ileum with a fistula to the ascending colon, consistent with what will later become known as Crohn's disease.[7]
Physics
- Vacuum tube invented by John Ambrose Fleming.
- James H. Jeans's The Dynamical Theory of Gases is published in Cambridge.
- J. J. Thomson proposes the plum pudding model for the atom.
- Hantaro Nagaoka develops the Saturnian model for the atom.
Technology
- July 4 – Piero Ginori Conti demonstrates the use of geothermal power to generate electricity, at Larderello in Italy.
- July 23 – A continuous track tractor is patented by David Roberts of Richard Hornsby & Sons of Grantham in England.[8]
- November 16 –
- November 24 – A continuous track tractor is demonstrated by the Holt Manufacturing Company in the United States.
- The first diesel engined submarine, the Z, is built in France.
- The Wilhelm Heckeland his sons.
- The sleeve valve is invented by Charles Yale Knight.
- The turbine-powered Bliss-Leavitt torpedo, designed by Frank McDowell Leavitt and manufactured by the E. W. Bliss Company of Brooklyn, is put into service by the United States Navy.[10]
- Lucien Bull produces the first successful chronophotography (of insect flight), working in France.[11]
- Rue Franklin Apartments, Paris, are completed by Auguste Perret and his brother Gustave, an early example of an exposed reinforced concrete frame building.[12]
Zoology
- First identification and last confirmed sighting of the Choiseul pigeon in the Solomon Islands.[13]
Awards
Births
- January 21 – Edris Rice-Wray Carson (died 1990), American-born physician, pioneer in family planning.
- January 26 – Ancel Keys (died 2004), American nutritionist.
- March 13 – agronomist.
- March 20 – B. F. Skinner (died 1990), American behavioral psychologist.
- April 11 – hematologist.
- April 22 – J. Robert Oppenheimer (died 1967), American physicist.
- June 3 – Charles R. Drew (died 1950), African American physician, pioneer in blood transfusion.
- July 5 – evolutionary biologist.
- August 5 – plant hormones.
- August 17 – Cornelis Simon Meijer (died 1974), Dutch mathematician.
- August 28 – Secondo Campini (died 1980), Italian jet pioneer.
- August 29 – Werner Forssmann (died 1979), German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- November 11 – J. H. C. Whitehead (died 1960), British mathematician.
- ichthyologistand resistance worker.
Deaths
- March 7 – petrologist and volcanologist.
- May 10 – Henry Morton Stanley (born 1841), Welsh-born explorer and journalist.
- July 3 – paleontologist.
- September 24 – Niels Ryberg Finsen (born 1860), Icelandic/Faroese/Danish physician and scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- October 7 – naturalist.
- October 21 – Isabelle Eberhardt (born 1877), Swiss–Algerian explorer.
References
- ^ Asimov, Isaac. Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (2nd ed.).
- ^ "Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire".
- ISBN 0-7503-0400-6.
- ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.
- S2CID 124189935.
- . Retrieved 2019-10-04.
- ]
- ISBN 1-871565-42-1.
- ISBN 978-1-85986-343-5.
- ISBN 0-275-99032-X.
- Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences138:590–592 (29 February); "Application of the electric spark to the chrono-photography of rapid motions", Comptes rendus 138:155–157 (21 March); "Chronophotography of rapid motions", Bulletin de la Société Philomathiclue (Paris) (June 11); Synthesis in chronophotography, Bulletin de la Société Philomathiclue (November 12).
- ^ "Rue Franklin Apartments". GreatBuildings. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
- ^ Rothschild, Walter (1904-05-20). "Microgoura, n. gen". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 14 (CVII): 77–78. Retrieved 2015-09-29.