Al-Kasani

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'Ala' al-Din al-Kasani
علاء الدين الكاساني
TitleKing of the Scholars
Personal
Born
Maturidi
Main interest(s)Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Aqidah (Islamic theology)
Notable work(s)Bada'i' al-Sana'i'
Muslim leader
Influenced by
Influenced

'Ala' al-Din al-Kasani (

school of Sunni jurisprudence, which has remained the most widely practiced law school in the Sunni tradition.[1]

He was nicknamed Malik al-'Ulama' ("King of the Scholars"). His major work entitled

Hanafi tradition.[2]

Life

Early life and marriage

Al-Kāsānī came from the place of Kāsān (

Ferghana and was a student of the Hanafi legal scholar 'Ala' al-Din al-Samarqandi (died 1144), who gave him his daughter Fatima al-Samarqandi, who was trained in fiqh, as a wife. As a bridal gift he was to gift her a commentary on the legal compendium of her father, Tuḥfat al-fuqahā.[3] The book, Bada'i As-Sana'i, was accepted as a dowry.[4]

Career

At an unknown date, he emigrated to Asia Minor, where he worked at the court of the Rum-Seljuk Turks in

Mu'tazilite teachings. When al-Kāsānī punched his opponent, the ruler intervened and ended the discussion.[5]

Since al-Kāsānī had made himself impossible by his behavior at the court, the ruler sent him on the advice of his vizier as ambassador to

Nur ad-Din Zengi
at Aleppo. Here he was appointed as successor of Radī ad-Dīn as-Sarachsī (died 1149) professor of Hanafi law at the Madrasa Hallāwīya.

Later life and death

Not much is known about his remaining life. Ali al-Qari reports that he was deeply attached to his wife Fātima. Whenever he had any doubts and erred in issuing a fatwa, she would inform him the correct judgment and explain the reason for the mistake. Although al-Kasani was a competent jurist, Fatima corrected and edited his legal opinions.[6] He visited her grave at the Abraham Sanctuary in the citadel of Aleppo every Thursday evening after her death. After his death in 1191 he was buried beside her.

Teachers

He studied under prominent scholars, such as Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi,[7] and 'Ala' al-Din al-Samarqandi.

Students

Among his pupils was Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi.[8][9]

Works

Al-Kasani's main work is his handbook

al-Marghinānī it has never been commented on. Only the appearance of the modern print edition in the early 20th century has given the work greater attention. Since then, it has been of central importance in the Hanafi Academic Institutions.[10]

In addition to the Badā'i al-Kāsānī has also written a Qur'an commentary, preserved as a manuscript.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Bada'i al-Sana'i fi Tartib al-Shara'i: Imam Al-Kasani".
  2. ISBN 9780197200032
    .
  3. ^ Abdullah, Umar Farooq. "The Empowering Jurist: Fatima al-Samarqandi". MSA McGill. Muslim Students' Association. Archived from the original on February 17, 2015. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
  4. ^ "Fatima bint Mohammed ibn Ahmad Al Samarqandi". Mosaic: Recognizing extraordinary Muslim women. October 3, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
  5. ^ Vgl. al-Qārī: al-A'mār al-'anīya. Bl. 88a.
  6. ISBN 978-0955454516
    .
  7. ^ "Bahr al-Kalam fi 'ilm al-Tawhid (بَحْرُ الكَلَام في علم التوحيد) by Imam Abi al-Ma'in al-Nasafi". Looh Press; Islamic & African Studies. Archived from the original on May 5, 2019. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  8. ^ "Al-Hawi al-Qudsi fi Furu' al-Fiqh al-Hanafi by Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi". Looh Press. Archived from the original on December 22, 2018. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  9. ^ "Kitab Usul al-Din by Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi". Islam786books.
  10. ^ Vgl. Heffening, de Bellefonds 690b.
  11. ^ Vgl. Brockelmann: Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur. 1943, S. 465.
Early Islamic scholars
Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions
Abu Hurairah
(603–681) taught
Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught
Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taughtAbdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taughtAbd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught
Umar ibn Abdul Aziz
(682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar
Hammad bin ibi Sulman taught
Farwah bint al-Qasim
Jafar's mother
Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught
Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taughtAl-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn AnasAbu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas
Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught
Ismail ibn IbrahimAli ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the CompanionsIbn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography
Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books
Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles
Sunan Abu Dawood
Hadith Book
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari
Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna
Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi
on Sufism
Key: Some of Muhammad's CompanionsKey: Taught in MedinaKey: Taught in IraqKey: Worked in SyriaKey: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadithKey: Worked in Persia
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