Atyrau
Atyrau
Аtyrau Атырау | |
|---|---|
City | |
Ural River which connects Europe and Asia during the evening; The Manjali Mosque; Isatay and Makhambet Monument; An orthodox church; Catholic Cathedral The city government building; The Marriott Executive Apartment during the morning. | |
|
UTC+5) | |
| Postal code | 060001–060011 |
| Area code | (+7) 7122 |
| Vehicle registration | E, 06 |
| HDI (2019) | 0.804[2] high · 4 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 |
| • Total |  $30,024 billion(KZT 13 725 399,8 million)[3] |
| • Per capita | $43,693 (KZT 19 974,1 thousand) |
| Website | atyrau |
Atyrau (
Atyrau is famous for its oil and gas industries. It has a population of 355,117 as of 2020. It is predominantly made up of Kazakhs, the minorities being Russians, Koreans, Tatars and Uzbeks.
History
The wooden fort at the mouth of the
Two parts of the world have the city. The side of Samarskaya (right side of the river) lies in Europe and the left bank of Bukharskaya is in Asia. It was established in 1615, by the employer Mikhail Guriev, who applied the decree to tzar Mikhail Fedorovich for a monopoly in the mouth of Ural to fish sturgeons.[4]
Origin of the name
Murzaev E. Dictionary of popular geographical terms (1984) states:
- "The branched coast of a large lake or sea, on which appeared the bay and islands, the estuaries of rivers and capes. The north-eastern coast of the Caspian Sea, including its alyp, the locals still call Atyrau."
A. Nurmaganbetov and M. Khobdabayev states:
- "The word atyrau, which earlier means "island", also grasps the concept of the word saga -" the mouth of the river, "and this is natural, whatever the river, at the point where it enters the ocean or the sea, its mouth branches out, and between each branch appears dry We think that this is the main reason for joint use of Atyrau together with the "mouth of the river".
Ecological Kazakh–Russian Dictionary (2001) states:
- Atyrau is a tract, a cane shoal in the mouth of the Urals.
Geography
Atyrau (together with
Demographics
At the beginning of 2020, the population of the city is 290,700 people, 355,117 people in the territory of the city akimat.
National composition (at the beginning of 2020):
- Kazakhs – 313 534 people (88.29%)
- Russians – 29 466 people (8.30%)
- Koreans – 2 987 people (0.84%)
- Tatars – 1 934 people (0.54%)
- Uzbeks – 1 320 people (0.37%)
- Ukrainians – 709 people (0.20%)
- Karakalpaks – 700 people (0.20%)
- Azerbaijanis – 510 people (0.14%)
- Germans – 406 people (0.11%)
- Karachais– 357 people (0.10%)
- Dargins – 229 people (0.06%)
- Belarusians – 210 people (0.06%)
- Bulgarians – 197 people (0.06%)
- Others – 2 558 people (0.72%)
In total – 355,117 people.
Climate
Atyrau's climate is semi-arid (Köppen climate classification BSk), just shy of being classified as arid (Köppen climate classification BWk), with hot summers and cold winters. Precipitation is low throughout the year. Snow is common, though light in winter. The lowest temperature on record is −37.9 °C (−36.2 °F), recorded in 1909, and the highest temperature is 42.7 °C (108.9 °F), recorded in 1984.[5] It is much more continental than areas further west on the European continent, with summers characterized by temperatures averaging 33 °C (91 °F) and lack of precipitation, resembling continental hot-summer mediterranean climates, and subarctic winters with little snow but with chilling temperatures. These vast temperature swings are more comparable to Siberia and the North American plains.
| Climate data for Atyrau (1991–2020, extremes 1881–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
26.3 (79.3) |
34.5 (94.1) |
38.9 (102.0) |
42.8 (109.0) |
42.7 (108.9) |
44.6 (112.3) |
40.1 (104.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
44.6 (112.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.0 (26.6) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
17.3 (63.1) |
25.3 (77.5) |
31.3 (88.3) |
33.7 (92.7) |
32.2 (90.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
5.3 (41.5) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
15.6 (60.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
1.9 (35.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
18.4 (65.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
6.5 (43.7) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
5.7 (42.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.9 (−36.2) |
−37.4 (−35.3) |
−32.3 (−26.1) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
2.3 (36.1) |
8.1 (46.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−29.8 (−21.6) |
−35.8 (−32.4) |
−37.9 (−36.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16 (0.6) |
12 (0.5) |
16 (0.6) |
17 (0.7) |
28 (1.1) |
17 (0.7) |
12 (0.5) |
10 (0.4) |
9 (0.4) |
18 (0.7) |
16 (0.6) |
16 (0.6) |
186 (7.3) |
| Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 3 (1.2) |
6 (2.4) |
2 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.4) |
2 (0.8) |
6 (2.4) |
| Average rainy days | 4 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 78 |
| Average snowy days | 14 | 11 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 50 |
| Average relative humidity (%)
|
84 | 80 | 74 | 58 | 50 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 52 | 64 | 80 | 84 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 98 | 138 | 167 | 245 | 311 | 330 | 343 | 323 | 267 | 196 | 105 | 75 | 2,598 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[6]
| |||||||||||||
Industry
Oil industry
The third biggest refinery in Kazakhstan is located in Atyrau.
Atyrau is located near
Education
There are three major institutions of higher education in Atyrau (all state-owned): Atyrau Institute of Engineering and Humanities, Atyrau University of Oil and Gas named after Safi Utebayev, and Atyrau University named after Khalel Dosmukhamedov.
Sports
The city is home to the basketball team
Transportation
Air
Railway
There is a railway station, located northeast of Atyrau. There are mainly domestic routes, such as routes to large cities
International relations
Twin towns
Atyrau is twinned with:
Aktau, Kazakhstan- Oral, Kazakhstan
- Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Shirvan, Azerbaijan
Astrakhan, Russia- Syktyvkar, Russia
- Magnitogorsk, Russia
Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Ashdod, Israel
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan[13]
Bridges of Atyrau
On August 28, 1965, the first real reinforced concrete bridge in the city, passing through the Ural River, was built and put into operation. The bridge is 259 meters (850 feet) long and 10 meters (33 feet) high. The bridge connects Satpayev Avenue and Abay Street. On the right European coast on Satpayev Avenue, the akimat (mayor's office) of the city and akimat (governor) of the Atyrau region adjoin the bridge.
In 2001, a unique pedestrian suspension bridge was built. The 551-meter-long (1,808-foot) bridge is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the longest pedestrian bridge in the world. From the middle of the bridge over the Urals there are views of Azattyk Avenue and its surroundings.
In 2009, the Sultan Beibars was opened – a four-lane bridge with a throughput capacity of 5–7 thousand cars a day, 800 meters (2,600 feet) long with access roads, 380.74 meters (1,249.1 feet) long and 22 meters (72 feet) wide. The width of the roadway is 16 meters (52 feet), plus two walking paths of 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) each.
See also
References
- ^ "Назначен аким Атырау". www.zakon.kz (in Russian). 2023-07-10.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
- ^ DOSM. "Department of Statistics Kazakhstan". stat.gov.kz. Archived from the original on 2 January 2024. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
- ^ "Atyrau". Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved April 3, 2021.
- ^ a b "pogoda.ru.net Погода и Климат". Retrieved January 3, 2022.
- ^ "Atyrary (Atyrau) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- ^ Company Overview of Atyrau Refinery LLP
- ^ "Japanese Banks Provide $297.5 million Loan to Atyrau Oil Refinery". The Gazette of Central Asia. Satrapia. 15 August 2012.
- ^ "Kazakhstan". chevron.com. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
- ^ "DAIS | Touching Hearts Strengthening Minds". www.daiskz.org. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
- ^ "General Information". atyrau.globaloutpostservices.com. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
- ^ "Как обновится стадион "Мунайшы" – Футбол".
- ^ "Есть ли побратимы у Актау и других городов Казахстана".
External links
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| National | |
