Blood irradiation therapy
| Blood irradiation therapy | |
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| Specialty | Hematology |
| This article is part of a series on |
| Alternative medicine |
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Blood irradiation therapy is an
Blood irradiation therapy can be administered in three ways: extracorporeally, transcutaneously, and intravenously. The extracorporeal (outside the body) method removes blood from the body and irradiates it in a special
It is not related to the practice of gamma irradiation of blood in transfusion medicine.
History
In 1928, Dr. Emmet Knott and a medical student named Lester Edblom received a United States patent for a "Means for Treating Blood-Stream Infection" that incorporated a rudimentary ultraviolet bulb, vacuum extraction system and a cuvette. The "Knott Hemo-Irradiator" was used from the 1930s through the 1950s on patients with multiple infectious diseases.
George P Miley at the
One of the best known and most comprehensive set of studies was published in 1947 by Dr. George Miley and Dr. Jens A Christensen (from the Blood Irradiation Clinic of the Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). The authors studied 445 cases of acute pyogenic infections and 74 cases of virus and virus-like infections. Findings included the following:
Henry A Barrett at the Willard Parker Hospital in New York City, in 1940 reported on 110 cases including a number of infections. Twenty-nine different conditions were described as responding including the following: infectious arthritis, septic abortion,
This procedure fell out of favor in the late 1950s, at a time when
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved one type of this treatment[8][9] for T cell lymphoma. This particular process was developed by a team at Yale, led by Richard Edelson who developed a photopheresis machine. This machine separates the white and red blood cells. The white cells are then routed into a blood chamber, where those cells are subjected to UV light from the UVA part of the spectrum. This process uses a photosensitizing agent which enhances the effectiveness of the light.[10] Observational evidence suggests that photopheresis might be effective in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease,[11] though controlled trials are needed to support this use.[12][13]
The
Types
Intravenous laser blood irradiation
Intravenous or intravascular laser blood irradiation (ILBI) involves the
Transcutaneous laser blood irradiation
Transcutaneous therapy applies laser light on unbroken skin in areas with large numbers of blood vessels (such as the forearm). Because of the skin acting as a barrier to the blood, absorbing low level laser energy, the power of the laser is often boosted to compensate.[16] The problem can be solved by using pulsed matrix laser light sources.[3]
Extracorporeal irradiation
Extracorporeal irradiation is used only for ultraviolet blood irradiation, that involves drawing blood out through a vein and irradiating it outside of the body.[17]
Though promoted as a treatment for cancer, a 1952 review in the
See also
References
- ^ PMID 29124710.
- ^ ISBN 978-5-94789-501-8.[page needed]
- ^ ISBN 978-5-94789-636-7.[page needed]
- ^ PMID 14938136.
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- PMID 15998818.
- ^ PMID 26894849.
- ^ "Therakos CELLEX Photopheresis System". Premarket Approval (PMA). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 21 July 2017.
- ^ "UVAR CELLEX Photopheresis System". Premarket Approval (PMA). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 20 March 2009.
- ^ "ECP Immunotherapy Program". Yale School of Medicine.
- ^ "Photopheresis". Yale School of Medicine.
- PMID 35679154.
- PMID 36166494.
- ISBN 9780944235713.
- S2CID 85179000.
- ISBN 978-0-8194-3009-0.
- ISBN 978-5-93513-024-4.
- S2CID 221547254.