Bosphorus Bridge
This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2017) |
Bosphorus Bridge 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü | |
---|---|
Construction start | 20 February 1970 |
Construction end | 1 June 1973 |
Opened | 30 October 1973 |
Statistics | |
Daily traffic | 200,000[2] |
Toll | 15 Turkish Lira (0,43€ as of 26.03.2024) |
Location | |
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The Bosphorus Bridge (
It is a gravity-anchored suspension bridge with
Upon its completion in 1973, the Bosphorus Bridge had the
After a group of soldiers took control and partially closed off the bridge during the
The Bosphorus Bridge is famous for its important transport routes, connecting parts of Europe to Turkey.
Precedents and proposals
The idea of a bridge crossing the Bosphorus dates back to
Construction
The decision to build a bridge across the Bosphorus was taken in 1957 by Prime Minister
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Bosphorus_Bridge%2C_%C4%B0stanbul_%2813080111123%29.jpg/220px-Bosphorus_Bridge%2C_%C4%B0stanbul_%2813080111123%29.jpg)
The bridge was completed on 30 October 1973, one day after the 50th anniversary of the founding of the
Upon the bridge's opening, much was made of its being the first bridge between Europe and Asia since the
Operation and tolls
The bridge highway is eight lanes wide. Three standard lanes, one emergency lane and one pedestrian lane serve each direction.
For the first three years, pedestrians could walk over the bridge, reaching it with elevators inside the towers on both sides. No pedestrians or commercial vehicles, such as trucks, are allowed to use the bridge today.
Today, around 180,000 vehicles pass daily in both directions, with almost 85% being
It is a toll bridge. A toll is charged for passing from Europe to Asia, but not for passing in the reverse direction.
Since 1999, some of the toll booths (#9 - #13), located to the far left as motorists approach them, are unmanned and equipped only with a remote payment system (Turkish: OGS) in order to not delay traffic. In addition to OGS, another toll pay system with special contactless smart cards (Turkish: KGS) was installed at specific toll booths in 2005.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/The_Bosphorus_Bridge_%288425286568%29_edited.jpg/300px-The_Bosphorus_Bridge_%288425286568%29_edited.jpg)
Since 3 April 2006, toll booths accept no cash but only OGS or KGS. An OGS device or KGS card can be obtained at various stations before reaching the toll plazas of highways and bridges. In 2006, the toll was 3.00 TL or about $2.00.
Since April 2007, a computerised
In 2012, KGS was replaced with the new HGS system, which uses radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology.[13]
In 2017, the toll increased by nearly 50% from 4.75 to 7 TRY.[14] (On 10 March 2022, 7 Turkish TRY is worth $0.68US. Data from currencymatrix.com )
After 21 months, in late 2019, the toll went up another 20% to 10.50 TRY.[15] The TRY value has dropped considerably in the first quarter of 2022. On 10 March 2022, 10.50 TRY was equivalent to $0.74US.[citation needed]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/15_Temmuz_%C5%9Eehitler_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_Anadolu_Yakas%C4%B1.jpg/220px-15_Temmuz_%C5%9Eehitler_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_Anadolu_Yakas%C4%B1.jpg)
Tolls need to be increased almost every year to keep up with high producers' price inflation.[15]
History
Every October, the annual
In October, visitors participate in the 'fun run' and cross the bridge on foot. Many take picnics to enjoy the view.[citation needed]
The bridge was depicted on the reverse of the Turkish 1000 lira banknotes of 1978–1986.[16]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bosphorus_Bridge-1.jpg/220px-Bosphorus_Bridge-1.jpg)
On 15 May 2005 at 07:00 local time, U.S. tennis star Venus Williams played a show game with Turkish player İpek Şenoğlu on the bridge, the first tennis match played on two continents.[17][18] The event promoted the upcoming 2005 WTA İstanbul Cup and lasted five minutes.[17] After the exhibition, they both threw a tennis ball into the Bosphorus.[17][18]
On 17 July 2005 at 10:30 local time, British Formula One driver David Coulthard drove his Red Bull racing car across the bridge from the European side to the Asian side, then, after turning with a powerslide at the toll plaza, back to the European side for show.[19][20] He parked his car in the garden of Dolmabahçe Palace where his ride had started.[19][21] While crossing the bridge with his Formula 1 car, Coulthard was picked up by the automatic surveillance system and charged with a fine of 20 Euros because he passed through the toll booths without payment.[20] His team agreed to pay for him.[20]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Bo%C4%9Fazi%C3%A7i_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_-_Aerial_view.jpg/220px-Bo%C4%9Fazi%C3%A7i_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_-_Aerial_view.jpg)
On 5 November 2013,
On 15 July 2016, the bridge was blocked by a faction of the
On 25 July 2016, Turkey's
See also
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/E6_1.000_TL_arka_y%C3%BCz.jpg/220px-E6_1.000_TL_arka_y%C3%BCz.jpg)
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge
- Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge
- Osman Gazi Bridge
- Çanakkale 1915 Bridge
- Eurasia Tunnel, undersea tunnel, crossing the Bosphorus for vehicular traffic, opened in December 2016
- Marmaray, undersea rail tunnel connecting the Asian and European sides of Istanbul
- Great Istanbul Tunnel, a proposed three-level road-rail undersea tunnel
- Public transport in Istanbul
- Rail transport in Turkey
- Turkish Straits
Notes and references
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l General Directorate of Highways: Project information about the 15 July Martyrs Bridge Archived 2012-06-09 at the Wayback Machine (Turkish)
- ^ Nebel, Bernd. "BRÜCKEN - Architektur, Technik, Geschichte". www.bernd-nebel.de. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
- ^ "Bosphorus Bridge, TURKEY". g20.org.tr. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
- ^ "The Story of the First Bosphorus Bridge – short film and talk". t-vine.com. 13 May 2016. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
- ^ "Bosphorus Bridge renamed July 15 Martyrs' Bridge". TRT World. 25 July 2016. Archived from the original on 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ "Turkey to rename Istanbul's Bosphorus bridge after failed coup victims: PM". Hürriyet Daily News. 26 July 2016. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ "Turkey renames Bosphorus bridge after coup victims". New Europe. 26 July 2016. Archived from the original on 27 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Project Gutenberg. The History of Herodotus – Volume 2 – Retrieved on 19 March 2010.
- ^ 1900'deki köprü projesinde raylı sistem de vardı Archived 2009-08-21 at the Wayback Machine. Sabah. 2009-07-17 – Retrieved on 19 March 2010. (in Turkish)
- ASIN B0007IY0OC.
- ^ "The First Necklace of the Bosphorus '15 July Martyrs Bridge'". Railly News. 9 November 2020. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ Upgrading Turkey's tolling system
- ^ "Turkey sees around 50 percent hike in Bosphorus bridge toll in New Year". Hürriyet Daily News. 2 January 2017.
- ^ a b "Istanbul bridge, road toll hiked". Hürriyet Daily News. 7 October 2019.
- ^ Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Archived 15 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Banknote Museum: 6. Emission Group – One Thousand Turkish Lira – I. Series Archived 2009-05-10 at the Wayback Machine, II. Series Archived 2009-05-10 at the Wayback Machine, III. Series Archived 2009-05-10 at the Wayback Machine – Retrieved on 20 April 2009.
- ^ a b c "Venus Williams' match stretches two continents". Hürriyet. 15 May 2005. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
- ^ a b "Venus Williams Plays Tennis on 15 July Martyrs Bridge in Istanbul". Argus Photo Ltd. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
- ^ a b "Coulthard smokes 'em over Bosphorus". Motoring. 18 July 2005. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
- ^ a b c "Bridge too far for Coulthard". BBC. 26 July 2005. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
- ^ "F1: 2005 Turkish GP". Motorsport. 17 July 2005. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
- ^ "Tiger Woods takes shot at Bosporus Bridge". Dünya. 6 November 2013. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- dha. Archived from the originalon 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ^ a b "Turkey coup attempt: Crowds confront soldiers on 15 July Martyrs Bridge". BBC. 16 July 2016. Archived from the original on 17 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
- ^ "15 Temmuz ekonomiye nasıl bir zarar verdi?". www.sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 15 July 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ^ a b Darbeciler Boğaz Köprüsü'nde halka top atışı yaptı, Yeni Şafak, 13 June 2017, retrieved 16 March 2024
- ^ Bond, Anthony (16 July 2016). "Turkish soldier 'beheaded by pro-government mob on Istanbul's Bosphorus Bridge'". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
- ^ "Turkey renames Istanbuls Bosporus Bridge 15th July Martyrs Bridge in honor of civilians who died resisting coup attempt". Washington Post. 25 July 2016. Archived from the original on 26 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ "15 Temmuz Şehitler Makamı'na ziyaretçi akını". www.aa.com.tr. Anadolu Agency. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- WowTurkey: Bosphorus Bridge Photos (Daytime) Archived 2 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- WowTurkey: Bosphorus Bridge Photos (Night) Archived 2 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- Live traffic camera pictures
- Bosphorus Bridge at Structurae
- Satellite image from Google
- Bosphorus Bridge Panoramics In Istanbul | Turkey
- 3D-model ″First Bosphorus Bridge″ for Google Earth Archived 3 January 2013 at archive.today