Conrad Celtes
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (September 2021) |
Conrad Celtes | |
---|---|
University of Heidelberg (M.A., 1485) Jagiellonian University | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | History |
Institutions | University of Ingolstadt University of Vienna |
Conrad Celtes (
Celtis is considered by many to be the greatest of German humanists and thus dubbed "the Archhumanist" (Erzhumanist). He is also praised as "the greatest lyric genius and certainly the greatest organizer and popularizer of German Humanism".[1][2][3][a]
Life
Born at
The elector
In 1489–1491, he stayed in
In 1490 he once again went through
In 1494, Celtes rediscovered Hrosvitha's works written in Latin in the monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg.[6] His friend Willibald Pickheimer introduce him to Abbess Caritas Pickheimer. He wrote her in Latin and called her the "new Hrotsvitha".[7]
While the plague ravaged Ingolstadt, Celtes taught at Heidelberg. By now he was a professor. In 1497 Celtes was called to Vienna by the emperor Maximilian I, who honored him as teacher of the art of poetry and conversation with an imperial Privilegium, the first of its kind. There he lectured on the works of classical writers and in 1502 founded the Collegium Poetarum, a college for poets.[4] His invitation to Vienna came about greatly at the influence of his friend and fellow scholar Johannes Cuspinian.
Celtes died in Vienna a few years later of syphilis.[8]
According to Richard Unger, Celtes was a large scale book thief who walked around episcopal palaces and monastic libraries stealing books for his emperor and himself.[9] He justified his behaviours on the basis of patriotic intentions, claiming that he only wanted to protect German patrimony from "damaging weather, dust, mold... insects", as well as Italians. Emily Abu writes that Celtis, Peutinger and their emperor took particular interest in cultural legacies that could provide connection between their German Roman Empire and the ancient Roman imperium. In the case of the Peutinger map (mentioned below), both Celtis and Peutinger made sure that any record of where Celtis found it as well as clues to the map's first three centuries were erased.[10]
Works
Conrad Celtes' teachings had lasting effects, particularly in the fields of classical languages and history. He brought systematic methods to the teaching of Latin and furthered the study of the classics. He was also the first to teach the history of the world as a whole.[11] Celtes was the first early modern humanist who introduced the term "topography" as a critical appraisal of the Ptolemaic dichotomy between cosmography and chorography, which was becoming insufficient to reflect the rapidly changing contours of Europe.[12]
He was the foremost cartographic writer in German lands. He worked on the large-scale cosmographic and cartographic project Germania Illustrata, of which the core — among them the treatise Germania generalis, four books of love elegies, and De origine, situ, moribus et institutis Norimbergae libellus ("On the origins, site, habits and institutions of Nuremberg") — was published under the title Quatuor libri amorum secundum quatuor latera germanie in Nuremberg (1502).[13]
In 1493, he discovered the writings of
Conrad Celtes was more of a free-thinking humanist and placed a higher value on the ancient pagan, rather than the Christian ideal. His friend Willibald Pirckheimer had blunt discussions with him on that subject. As early as Ode ad Apollinem (1486), he began to style himself as an Apollo-Priest. The most important earthly Phoebus to him was Maximilian, whose symbiotic relationship with the scholar (and thus their double glory) was often reflected in Celtis's literary works.[18]
The Celtis-Gymnasium in Schweinfurt was named after Conrad Celtis.
See also
- Rudolf Agricola
- Joachim Vadian
Notes
References
- ISBN 978-0-300-22068-1. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-4051-7202-8. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ a b The Germanic Review. Heldref Publications. 1951. p. 148. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Harold B. Segel, Renaissance Culture in Poland: The Rise of Humanism, 1470-1543, Cornell University Press, 1989, pp. 86 and 92.
- ^ "Hrotsvit of Gandersheim – Martha Carlin". Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- )
- ^ Laurens 2004, p. 405
- ISBN 978-90-474-4319-3. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
- ISBN 978-1-107-05942-9. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Conrad Celtes". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ISBN 978-0-226-81681-4. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ Piechocki 2021, p. 26.
- ISBN 978-1-317-59306-5. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ISBN 978-90-474-1363-9. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
- ^ Christopher S. Wood (2008). Forgery, Replica, Fiction: Temporalities of German Renaissance Art. University Of Chicago Press. p. 8.
- ^ Angela Fritsen (2015). Antiquarian Voices: The Roman Academy and the Commentary Tradition on Ovid's Fasti (Text and Context). Ohio State University Press.
- doi:10.14754/CEU.2017.01. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.)
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Sources
- Catholic Encyclopedia.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 652.
- Pierre Laurens (ed.) Anthologie de la poésie lyrique latine de la Renaissance (Gallimard, 2004)
- Pierer's Lexikon, Kluepfel, Aschbach.
Further reading
- Spitz, Lewis W. (1957). Conrad Celtis : the German arch-humanist. Cambridge. ISBN 9780674435957.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - Celtis, Konrad; Schäfer, Eckart (2012). Libri odarum quattuor, cum epodo et saeculari carmine (in German). Narr Francke Attempto Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8233-6635-5. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- Forster, Leonard (18 November 2011). Selections from Conrad Celtis: 1459-1508. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-60182-6. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- Christopher B. Krebs: Negotiatio Germaniae. Tacitus’ Germania und Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Giannantonio Campano, Conrad Celtis und Heinrich Bebel, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2005. (ISBN 3-525-25257-9.
- Jörg Robert: Konrad Celtis und das Projekt der deutschen Dichtung. Studien zur humanistischen Konstitution von Poetik, Philosophie, Nation und Ich, Tübingen 2003. ISBN 3-484-36576-5
- Hans Rupprich: Neue Deutsche Biographie, Band 3 Seite 181siehe auch Band 20, Seite 50 und 474, Band 22, Seite 601
- ISBN 3-932544-13-7)
- Schäfer, Eckart (ed., trans.), Conrad Celtis: Oden/Epoden/Jahrhundertlied: libri odarum quattuor, cum epodo et saeculari carmine (1513). (Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 2008) (NeoLatina, 16).
External links
- Literature by and about Conrad Celtes in the German National Library catalogue
- "Conrad Celtes", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 4, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1876, pp. 82–88
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "Conrad Celtes". In Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. cols. 967–969. ISBN 3-88309-013-1.
- Conrad Celtes at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- Bücher von und über Celtis bei der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
- Kurzbiographie
- Nachweise von Werken im Web
- Celtis in der Bibliotheca Augustana mit Porträts
- Bildnis-Holzschnitt von Dürer
- Denkmäler des Wiener Poetenkollegs
- Der gekrönte Conrad Celtis und das Fichtelgebirge
- Conrad Celtis Protucius... Four cities of Germany
- Conrad Celtes in Austria-Forum (in German) (at AEIOU)